B(2025·泰州姜堰区第四中学调研)
Temperatures rose very quickly to 37℃ in Pinglu County in Shanxi Province. A group of elementary school students from the country's east coast happily enjoyed the journey to an "underground courtyard" here while enjoying its refreshingly cool atmosphere(空气).
This special dwelling(住所), known as a silo-cave(地窖院), is near the banks of the Yellow River. It was built by local villagers over a century ago. When viewed from ground level, a silo-cave looks like a sunken(凹陷的) rectangular courtyard surrounded by rooms fixed in its four walls. It reminds people of the layout(设计) seen in traditional Chinese quadrangle courtyards(四合院).
Jing Kang, a director of the cultural centre of Pinglu, told the young visitors that this kind of traditional house has a history of more than 4,000 years. The area's low rainfall and seasonal temperature differences create a dry and pleasant living environment in the caves, according to Jing. Historically, the scarcity(缺乏) of wood resources along the Yellow River also made the locals dig cave houses, he added.
In 2008, the Pinglu silo-cave construction skill was listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage. Zhang Hecheng, an inheritor of the craft, told the students that the whole process can last several years given the need to make sure that the soil is completely dry while digging.
"Why do people living inside the silo-cave feel warm in winter and cool in summer?" asked Guo Yichen, a fifth grader from Shanghai. Zhang explained that this is because of the cave dwelling's structure and its location about 10 metres underground.
In the 1950s, there were about 17,000 silo-caves in Pinglu, forming so-called "underground villages". However, with an increase in villagers' incomes, more and more people began moving into houses above ground. Today, Pinglu has over 500 underground courtyards. The county government has made a folk culture protection zone(地区) for these dwellings and placed several of them under key protection.
6. What does the underlined word "rectangular" mean in Chinese?
A. 长方形的
B. 三角形的
C. 圆锥形的
D. 六边形的
7. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. The shape of a silo-cave.
B. The future of a silo-cave.
C. The advantages of a silo-cave.
D. The reasons for building a silo-cave.
8. Zhang Hecheng may agree that
A. there are few trees in his village
B. there is much water in his county
C. it is very difficult to build a silo-cave
D. the Pinglu silo-cave construction skill is easy to learn
9. Which of the following is TRUE about "underground villages"?
A. Most villagers prefer living underground.
B. The government is trying to protect them.
C. More and more new silo-caves are being built.
D. Villagers wouldn't like to live in silo-caves any longer.
10. 中考新考法 标题归纳 What is the best title for the passage?
A. Enjoying a School Trip
B. Folk Culture Protection
C. Underground Courtyards
D. Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards
Temperatures rose very quickly to 37℃ in Pinglu County in Shanxi Province. A group of elementary school students from the country's east coast happily enjoyed the journey to an "underground courtyard" here while enjoying its refreshingly cool atmosphere(空气).
This special dwelling(住所), known as a silo-cave(地窖院), is near the banks of the Yellow River. It was built by local villagers over a century ago. When viewed from ground level, a silo-cave looks like a sunken(凹陷的) rectangular courtyard surrounded by rooms fixed in its four walls. It reminds people of the layout(设计) seen in traditional Chinese quadrangle courtyards(四合院).
Jing Kang, a director of the cultural centre of Pinglu, told the young visitors that this kind of traditional house has a history of more than 4,000 years. The area's low rainfall and seasonal temperature differences create a dry and pleasant living environment in the caves, according to Jing. Historically, the scarcity(缺乏) of wood resources along the Yellow River also made the locals dig cave houses, he added.
In 2008, the Pinglu silo-cave construction skill was listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage. Zhang Hecheng, an inheritor of the craft, told the students that the whole process can last several years given the need to make sure that the soil is completely dry while digging.
"Why do people living inside the silo-cave feel warm in winter and cool in summer?" asked Guo Yichen, a fifth grader from Shanghai. Zhang explained that this is because of the cave dwelling's structure and its location about 10 metres underground.
In the 1950s, there were about 17,000 silo-caves in Pinglu, forming so-called "underground villages". However, with an increase in villagers' incomes, more and more people began moving into houses above ground. Today, Pinglu has over 500 underground courtyards. The county government has made a folk culture protection zone(地区) for these dwellings and placed several of them under key protection.
6. What does the underlined word "rectangular" mean in Chinese?
A. 长方形的
B. 三角形的
C. 圆锥形的
D. 六边形的
7. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. The shape of a silo-cave.
B. The future of a silo-cave.
C. The advantages of a silo-cave.
D. The reasons for building a silo-cave.
8. Zhang Hecheng may agree that
C
according to the passage.A. there are few trees in his village
B. there is much water in his county
C. it is very difficult to build a silo-cave
D. the Pinglu silo-cave construction skill is easy to learn
9. Which of the following is TRUE about "underground villages"?
A. Most villagers prefer living underground.
B. The government is trying to protect them.
C. More and more new silo-caves are being built.
D. Villagers wouldn't like to live in silo-caves any longer.
10. 中考新考法 标题归纳 What is the best title for the passage?
A. Enjoying a School Trip
B. Folk Culture Protection
C. Underground Courtyards
D. Chinese Quadrangle Courtyards
答案：B ［文章大意］本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了山西省平陆县的一种特殊住所——地窖院，包括其历史、特点、文化背景、保护现状以及现代发展等情况。
6. A ［解析］词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“When viewed from ground level, a silo-cave looks like a sunken(凹陷的) rectangular courtyard surrounded by rooms fixed in its four walls. It reminds people of the layout(设计) seen in traditional Chinese quadrangle courtyards(四合院).”可知，院子的四周都是固定在四面墙上的房间，它让人想起了中国传统四合院的布局，据此可以推断，画线单词“rectangular”意为“长方形的”。故选 A。
7. D ［解析］段落大意题。综合第三段内容可知，本段主要分析了地窖院被建造的原因，包括当地降雨少、季节温差大、黄河流域木材资源稀缺等因素。故选 D。
8. C ［解析］推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Zhang Hecheng, an inheritor of the craft, told the students that the whole process can last several years given the need to make sure that the soil is completely dry while digging.”可知，他告诉学生们整个过程可能需要数年时间，因为挖掘时需要确保土壤完全干燥，这表明建造地窖院是非常困难的，需要耗费很长时间和很多精力。选项 C(建造地窖院非常困难)符合语境。故选 C。
9. B ［解析］细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Today, Pinglu has over 500 underground courtyards. The county government has made a folk culture protection zone(地区) for these dwellings and placed several of them under key protection.”可知，县政府已经为这些住宅设立了民俗文化保护区，并将其中几个置于重点保护之下，这表明政府正在试图保护这些“地下庭院”。故选 B。
10. C ［解析］标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文主要介绍了地下庭院的历史、特点、优势和保护现状等，选项 C(地下庭院)最适合作为文章的标题。故选 C。
6. A ［解析］词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“When viewed from ground level, a silo-cave looks like a sunken(凹陷的) rectangular courtyard surrounded by rooms fixed in its four walls. It reminds people of the layout(设计) seen in traditional Chinese quadrangle courtyards(四合院).”可知，院子的四周都是固定在四面墙上的房间，它让人想起了中国传统四合院的布局，据此可以推断，画线单词“rectangular”意为“长方形的”。故选 A。
7. D ［解析］段落大意题。综合第三段内容可知，本段主要分析了地窖院被建造的原因，包括当地降雨少、季节温差大、黄河流域木材资源稀缺等因素。故选 D。
8. C ［解析］推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Zhang Hecheng, an inheritor of the craft, told the students that the whole process can last several years given the need to make sure that the soil is completely dry while digging.”可知，他告诉学生们整个过程可能需要数年时间，因为挖掘时需要确保土壤完全干燥，这表明建造地窖院是非常困难的，需要耗费很长时间和很多精力。选项 C(建造地窖院非常困难)符合语境。故选 C。
9. B ［解析］细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Today, Pinglu has over 500 underground courtyards. The county government has made a folk culture protection zone(地区) for these dwellings and placed several of them under key protection.”可知，县政府已经为这些住宅设立了民俗文化保护区，并将其中几个置于重点保护之下，这表明政府正在试图保护这些“地下庭院”。故选 B。
10. C ［解析］标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文主要介绍了地下庭院的历史、特点、优势和保护现状等，选项 C(地下庭院)最适合作为文章的标题。故选 C。
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇介绍中国传统民居——平陆地窖院的说明文，解题时需先通读全文把握文章主旨，再针对每个问题定位原文对应内容，结合词义猜测、段落大意概括、细节查找、推理判断、标题归纳等方法逐一解答。
【解析】
6. 词义猜测题：定位到第二段“a sunken rectangular courtyard surrounded by rooms fixed in its four walls. It reminds people of the layout seen in traditional Chinese quadrangle courtyards”，四合院为长方形布局，四周有房间，由此推断“rectangular”意为“长方形的”，选A。
7. 段落大意题：第三段提到当地降雨少、季节温差大、黄河流域木材资源稀缺，这些均为建造地窖院的原因，因此本段主要讲述建造地窖院的原因，选D。
8. 推理判断题：第四段张提到建造地窖院的过程需数年，因为要确保土壤完全干燥，说明建造地窖院非常困难，选C。
9. 细节理解题：最后一段指出县政府为这些地下庭院设立民俗文化保护区并重点保护，说明政府在保护它们，选B。
10. 标题归纳题：全文围绕平陆的地下庭院展开，介绍其历史、特点、保护现状等，“Underground Courtyards”最贴合文章主旨，选C。
【答案】
6.A 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.C
【知识点】
词义猜测题、段落大意题、标题归纳题
【点评】
本题为中考英语阅读理解典型题型，围绕中国传统民居文化选材，考察学生对词义、段落内容、文章主旨的把握，符合中考新考法的标题归纳要求，有助于学生了解传统民俗文化。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇介绍中国传统民居——平陆地窖院的说明文，解题时需先通读全文把握文章主旨，再针对每个问题定位原文对应内容，结合词义猜测、段落大意概括、细节查找、推理判断、标题归纳等方法逐一解答。
【解析】
6. 词义猜测题：定位到第二段“a sunken rectangular courtyard surrounded by rooms fixed in its four walls. It reminds people of the layout seen in traditional Chinese quadrangle courtyards”，四合院为长方形布局，四周有房间，由此推断“rectangular”意为“长方形的”，选A。
7. 段落大意题：第三段提到当地降雨少、季节温差大、黄河流域木材资源稀缺，这些均为建造地窖院的原因，因此本段主要讲述建造地窖院的原因，选D。
8. 推理判断题：第四段张提到建造地窖院的过程需数年，因为要确保土壤完全干燥，说明建造地窖院非常困难，选C。
9. 细节理解题：最后一段指出县政府为这些地下庭院设立民俗文化保护区并重点保护，说明政府在保护它们，选B。
10. 标题归纳题：全文围绕平陆的地下庭院展开，介绍其历史、特点、保护现状等，“Underground Courtyards”最贴合文章主旨，选C。
【答案】
6.A 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.C
【知识点】
词义猜测题、段落大意题、标题归纳题
【点评】
本题为中考英语阅读理解典型题型，围绕中国传统民居文化选材，考察学生对词义、段落内容、文章主旨的把握，符合中考新考法的标题归纳要求，有助于学生了解传统民俗文化。
【难度系数】
0.6