五、阅读理解。〔人与社会——历史、社会与文化〕
China has a long history, and many stories are hidden in ancient books, such as *Shan Hai Jing*, or *The Classic of Mountains and Seas*. It is a fantastic geographical and cultural record of the pre-Qin China as well as a collection of Chinese mythology (神话).
It was thought that mythical characters such as Yu the Great or Boyi wrote the book. However, the general agreement among modern scholars (学者) is that the book was not written at a single time by a single writer, but rather by many people from the period of the Warring States to the beginning of the Han Dynasty. The exact writer of the book and the time it was written are still uncertain.
There is nothing more attractive in *Shan Hai Jing* than the mysterious monsters described in it. Here are some examples. On the mountain Raiseshake, there is an animal which looks like a long-tailed ape, but it has white ears. It crouches as it moves along and it runs like a human. Its name is the live-lively. If you eat it, you'll be a good runner. There is another kind of wild animal in Mount Qingqiu. It looks like a fox but has nine tails. Its cry is similar to that of a baby. If you eat its meat, you will not be harmed by bad spirits. Also there is a bird in Mount Base. It looks like a chicken, but it has three heads, six eyes, six feet, and three wings. Its name is the esteem-add. If you eat it, you won't keep falling asleep. These monsters give readers a look at the ancient people's understanding and imagination of some unknown things.
As a record of ancient Chinese mythology, *Shan Hai Jing* is undoubtedly attractive. It is an encyclopedia (百科全书) that can show ancient social life.
1. Who might be the writer of the book *The Classic of Mountains and Seas*?
A. Yu the Great.
B. Modern scholars.
C. Boyi.
D. We don't know.
2. (创新考法·组合式选择)Which of the following does *Shan Hai Jing* not cover?
① Geography. ② Culture. ③ Physics. ④ Chemistry. ⑤ History.
A. ①②
B. ②③
C. ③④
D. ④⑤
3. What monster can make you avoid falling asleep after eating its meat?
A. A chicken.
B. Live-lively.
C. Esteem-add.
D. A fox.
4. What does the writer think of *Shan Hai Jing*?
A. Not attractive.
B. Meaningless.
C. Not interesting.
D. Imaginative.
China has a long history, and many stories are hidden in ancient books, such as *Shan Hai Jing*, or *The Classic of Mountains and Seas*. It is a fantastic geographical and cultural record of the pre-Qin China as well as a collection of Chinese mythology (神话).
It was thought that mythical characters such as Yu the Great or Boyi wrote the book. However, the general agreement among modern scholars (学者) is that the book was not written at a single time by a single writer, but rather by many people from the period of the Warring States to the beginning of the Han Dynasty. The exact writer of the book and the time it was written are still uncertain.
There is nothing more attractive in *Shan Hai Jing* than the mysterious monsters described in it. Here are some examples. On the mountain Raiseshake, there is an animal which looks like a long-tailed ape, but it has white ears. It crouches as it moves along and it runs like a human. Its name is the live-lively. If you eat it, you'll be a good runner. There is another kind of wild animal in Mount Qingqiu. It looks like a fox but has nine tails. Its cry is similar to that of a baby. If you eat its meat, you will not be harmed by bad spirits. Also there is a bird in Mount Base. It looks like a chicken, but it has three heads, six eyes, six feet, and three wings. Its name is the esteem-add. If you eat it, you won't keep falling asleep. These monsters give readers a look at the ancient people's understanding and imagination of some unknown things.
As a record of ancient Chinese mythology, *Shan Hai Jing* is undoubtedly attractive. It is an encyclopedia (百科全书) that can show ancient social life.
1. Who might be the writer of the book *The Classic of Mountains and Seas*?
A. Yu the Great.
B. Modern scholars.
C. Boyi.
D. We don't know.
2. (创新考法·组合式选择)Which of the following does *Shan Hai Jing* not cover?
① Geography. ② Culture. ③ Physics. ④ Chemistry. ⑤ History.
A. ①②
B. ②③
C. ③④
D. ④⑤
3. What monster can make you avoid falling asleep after eating its meat?
A. A chicken.
B. Live-lively.
C. Esteem-add.
D. A fox.
4. What does the writer think of *Shan Hai Jing*?
A. Not attractive.
B. Meaningless.
C. Not interesting.
D. Imaginative.
答案：五、1~4. DCCD
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇介绍中国古代典籍《山海经》的说明文阅读理解，解题时我们可以先标注每道题干的核心关键词，带着关键词返回原文对应段落定位信息，逐一比对选项排除错误干扰项即可得出答案：第1题定位作者相关表述，第2题定位《山海经》涵盖的内容，第3题定位食用后可避免犯困的怪物描述，第4题定位作者对《山海经》的评价相关内容。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段最后一句“The exact writer of the book and the time it was written are still uncertain.”可知，《山海经》的确切作者至今没有定论，A选项大禹、C选项伯益是古人误以为的作者，B选项现代学者并未参与创作，因此答案选D。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段内容可知《山海经》是先秦时期的地理、文化记录，同时属于历史相关的神话典籍，涵盖①地理、②文化、⑤历史内容，全文没有提及③物理、④化学相关内容，因此没有覆盖的是③④，答案选C。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文第三段对第三种怪物的描述“Its name is the esteem-add. If you eat it, you won't keep falling asleep.”可知，食用了名叫esteem-add的怪物的肉可以避免犯困，答案选C。
4. 推理判断题：文中提到《山海经》里的怪物体现了古人对未知事物的理解和丰富想象力，作者认为它极具吸引力，是展现古代社会生活的百科全书，A“没有吸引力”、B“毫无意义”、C“无趣”均不符合原文态度，D“富有想象力的”符合作者的看法，答案选D。
【答案】
1~4. DCCD
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，说明文态度判断
【点评】
本题属于传统文化主题的阅读理解，贴合英语学科核心素养下的文化意识培养要求，题目以细节类考点为主，仅最后一道涉及简单的态度推断，难度偏低，学生只要准确定位原文对应语句，避开文中出现的干扰选项即可顺利得分，同时还能借助题目了解《山海经》的相关文化常识。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍中国古代典籍《山海经》的说明文阅读理解，解题时我们可以先标注每道题干的核心关键词，带着关键词返回原文对应段落定位信息，逐一比对选项排除错误干扰项即可得出答案：第1题定位作者相关表述，第2题定位《山海经》涵盖的内容，第3题定位食用后可避免犯困的怪物描述，第4题定位作者对《山海经》的评价相关内容。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段最后一句“The exact writer of the book and the time it was written are still uncertain.”可知，《山海经》的确切作者至今没有定论，A选项大禹、C选项伯益是古人误以为的作者，B选项现代学者并未参与创作，因此答案选D。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段内容可知《山海经》是先秦时期的地理、文化记录，同时属于历史相关的神话典籍，涵盖①地理、②文化、⑤历史内容，全文没有提及③物理、④化学相关内容，因此没有覆盖的是③④，答案选C。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文第三段对第三种怪物的描述“Its name is the esteem-add. If you eat it, you won't keep falling asleep.”可知，食用了名叫esteem-add的怪物的肉可以避免犯困，答案选C。
4. 推理判断题：文中提到《山海经》里的怪物体现了古人对未知事物的理解和丰富想象力，作者认为它极具吸引力，是展现古代社会生活的百科全书，A“没有吸引力”、B“毫无意义”、C“无趣”均不符合原文态度，D“富有想象力的”符合作者的看法，答案选D。
【答案】
1~4. DCCD
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，说明文态度判断
【点评】
本题属于传统文化主题的阅读理解，贴合英语学科核心素养下的文化意识培养要求，题目以细节类考点为主，仅最后一道涉及简单的态度推断，难度偏低，学生只要准确定位原文对应语句，避开文中出现的干扰选项即可顺利得分，同时还能借助题目了解《山海经》的相关文化常识。
【难度系数】
0.8