四、阅读理解
A
In our daily life, direct questions are usually used to ask for information we do not know. Direct questions are either yes-no questions such as "Are you married?" or information questions such as "Where do you live?"
It is OK to ask your friends or someone you know well direct questions. But they can seem abrupt and impolite at times, especially when you are asking a stranger. For example, if you come up to someone and ask "What time is it?" or "Can you move?", he or she may refuse to answer you. It is certainly correct to ask questions in this way, but it is very common to make these kinds of questions more polite by adding "Excuse me" or "Pardon me" to begin your questions.
It is also possible to use "can" in more informal situations. In the past, "can" was not used when asking for something, but only to refer to abilities. In the United Kingdom, Cambridge University publishes English teaching books with the phrase "Can you lend me", "Can I have", etc. In the United States, this form is still considered to be incorrect, especially for written English, and "May I have" is preferred. Questions with "can" are made more polite by using "could": "Pardon me, could you help me?"
"Would" can also be used to make questions more polite. "Would you lend me your pencil?" sounds nicer.
Another way of making direct questions more polite is to add "please" at the end of the questions. We can say "Could you help me, please?" "Please" should not appear at the beginning of the questions.
(
A. 疯狂的
B. 严肃的
C. 温和的
D. 唐突的
(
A. we shouldn't ask direct questions in daily life
B. it is OK to ask strangers direct questions
C. it is not enough to ask questions correctly
D. we must know someone well before asking questions
(
A. "can" was only used to describe abilities in the past
B. people in America like using "can" better
C. questions with "can" are more polite in written English
D. questions with "can" are polite in informal situations
(
A. At the beginning of the questions.
B. At the end of the questions.
C. In the middle of the questions.
D. We needn't use the word "please".
(
A. How to be a polite person.
B. How to use English expressions correctly.
C. How to make direct questions more polite.
D. How to change the way we speak.
A
In our daily life, direct questions are usually used to ask for information we do not know. Direct questions are either yes-no questions such as "Are you married?" or information questions such as "Where do you live?"
It is OK to ask your friends or someone you know well direct questions. But they can seem abrupt and impolite at times, especially when you are asking a stranger. For example, if you come up to someone and ask "What time is it?" or "Can you move?", he or she may refuse to answer you. It is certainly correct to ask questions in this way, but it is very common to make these kinds of questions more polite by adding "Excuse me" or "Pardon me" to begin your questions.
It is also possible to use "can" in more informal situations. In the past, "can" was not used when asking for something, but only to refer to abilities. In the United Kingdom, Cambridge University publishes English teaching books with the phrase "Can you lend me", "Can I have", etc. In the United States, this form is still considered to be incorrect, especially for written English, and "May I have" is preferred. Questions with "can" are made more polite by using "could": "Pardon me, could you help me?"
"Would" can also be used to make questions more polite. "Would you lend me your pencil?" sounds nicer.
Another way of making direct questions more polite is to add "please" at the end of the questions. We can say "Could you help me, please?" "Please" should not appear at the beginning of the questions.
(
D
)36. The underlined word "abrupt" in Paragraph 2 means in Chinese.A. 疯狂的
B. 严肃的
C. 温和的
D. 唐突的
(
C
)37. According to the passage, the writer thinks .A. we shouldn't ask direct questions in daily life
B. it is OK to ask strangers direct questions
C. it is not enough to ask questions correctly
D. we must know someone well before asking questions
(
A
)38. From Paragraph 3, we can know .A. "can" was only used to describe abilities in the past
B. people in America like using "can" better
C. questions with "can" are more polite in written English
D. questions with "can" are polite in informal situations
(
B
)39. Where can we put "please" if we want to make direct questions more polite?A. At the beginning of the questions.
B. At the end of the questions.
C. In the middle of the questions.
D. We needn't use the word "please".
(
C
)40. What does the passage mainly tell us?A. How to be a polite person.
B. How to use English expressions correctly.
C. How to make direct questions more polite.
D. How to change the way we speak.
答案：36 - 40 DCABC
解析：
【解析】
36. 词义猜测题。根据第二段中“abrupt”与“impolite”并列，结合问陌生人直接问题时的语境，可知“abrupt”意为“唐突的”，故选D。
37. 细节理解题。根据第二段“It is certainly correct to ask questions in this way, but it is very common to make these kinds of questions more polite by adding..."可知，仅正确提问是不够的，还应让问句更礼貌，故选C。A与文中直接问句的使用场景不符；B与问陌生人直接问题会不礼貌的表述矛盾；D文中未提及“必须很熟才能提问”。
38. 细节理解题。根据第三段“In the past, 'can' was not used when asking for something, but only to refer to abilities”可知，过去“can”仅用来描述能力，故选A。B与美国书面语偏好“May I have”不符；C与美国认为“can”在书面语中不正确的表述相反；D文中未说明用“can”的问句本身礼貌，仅提及非正式场合可用“can”，且“could”更礼貌。
39. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Another way of making direct questions more polite is to add 'please' at the end of the questions...'Please' should not appear at the beginning of the questions”可知，应在问句末尾加“please”，故选B。
40. 主旨大意题。全文围绕如何让英语直接问句更礼貌展开，介绍了多种礼貌表达的方法，故选C。A范围过大；B未突出“礼貌”核心；D偏离主题。
【答案】
36-40 DCABC
【知识点】
1. 阅读理解猜词技巧
2. 英语礼貌用语表达
3. 阅读理解主旨归纳
【点评】
本文聚焦英语直接问句的礼貌表达，通过不同场景对比介绍了多种让问句更礼貌的方式。题目涵盖词义猜测、细节理解和主旨归纳，考查学生对文本关键信息的捕捉能力及对英语礼貌用语的理解，有助于学生掌握日常英语交流的礼貌表达技巧。
【难度系数】
0.6
36. 词义猜测题。根据第二段中“abrupt”与“impolite”并列，结合问陌生人直接问题时的语境，可知“abrupt”意为“唐突的”，故选D。
37. 细节理解题。根据第二段“It is certainly correct to ask questions in this way, but it is very common to make these kinds of questions more polite by adding..."可知，仅正确提问是不够的，还应让问句更礼貌，故选C。A与文中直接问句的使用场景不符；B与问陌生人直接问题会不礼貌的表述矛盾；D文中未提及“必须很熟才能提问”。
38. 细节理解题。根据第三段“In the past, 'can' was not used when asking for something, but only to refer to abilities”可知，过去“can”仅用来描述能力，故选A。B与美国书面语偏好“May I have”不符；C与美国认为“can”在书面语中不正确的表述相反；D文中未说明用“can”的问句本身礼貌，仅提及非正式场合可用“can”，且“could”更礼貌。
39. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Another way of making direct questions more polite is to add 'please' at the end of the questions...'Please' should not appear at the beginning of the questions”可知，应在问句末尾加“please”，故选B。
40. 主旨大意题。全文围绕如何让英语直接问句更礼貌展开，介绍了多种礼貌表达的方法，故选C。A范围过大；B未突出“礼貌”核心；D偏离主题。
【答案】
36-40 DCABC
【知识点】
1. 阅读理解猜词技巧
2. 英语礼貌用语表达
3. 阅读理解主旨归纳
【点评】
本文聚焦英语直接问句的礼貌表达，通过不同场景对比介绍了多种让问句更礼貌的方式。题目涵盖词义猜测、细节理解和主旨归纳，考查学生对文本关键信息的捕捉能力及对英语礼貌用语的理解，有助于学生掌握日常英语交流的礼貌表达技巧。
【难度系数】
0.6