七、完成句子(10分)
1. 在徒步了三小时后,我们都累极了。
After hiking for three hours, all of us
2. 当在学校里有麻烦时,你知道该向谁求助吗?
Do you know
3. 自2010年以来,这位作者已创作出3部小说。
The writer
4. 教练正在向我们展示这种情况下该如何挣脱。
The coach is showing us
5. 你们不必现在就提交问卷。
You
1. 在徒步了三小时后,我们都累极了。
After hiking for three hours, all of us
were tired out
.2. 当在学校里有麻烦时,你知道该向谁求助吗?
Do you know
who/whom to ask for help
when having trouble at school?3. 自2010年以来,这位作者已创作出3部小说。
The writer
has made up
three novels since 2010.4. 教练正在向我们展示这种情况下该如何挣脱。
The coach is showing us
how to break free
in this situation.5. 你们不必现在就提交问卷。
You
don't have to hand in
the questionnaire now.答案：1. were tired out 2. who/whom to ask for help 3. has made up
4. how to break free 5. don't have to hand in
4. how to break free 5. don't have to hand in
解析：
【分析】
做这类完成句子题型时，首先第一步要对照中英文题干，精准定位出中文对应的缺失语义，第二步结合句子给出的时间标志、已有句式结构，判断缺失部分的语法属性：是谓语动词短语、还是"疑问词+不定式"的宾语结构，第三步结合对应的固定搭配、时态规则、主谓一致要求填写正确形式。比如第1题先定位缺失语义是"累极了"，找到对应短语后根据语境判断是一般过去时；第3题看到since 2010的时间标志，直接判定要用现在完成时，其余几道题根据句意判断是"疑问词+不定式"的简化宾语结构，最后核查形式是否符合语法要求即可。
【解析】
1. 缺失语义为"累极了"，对应的固定短语是be tired out，句子描述过去徒步结束后的状态，用一般过去时，主语all of us是复数，be动词用were，所以填were tired out。
2. 缺失语义为"该向谁求助"，这里用"疑问词who/whom + 不定式"的结构作know的宾语，"求助"的固定搭配是ask for help，所以组合为who/whom to ask for help。
3. 缺失语义为"已创作出"，句中since 2010是现在完成时的典型时间标志，主语the writer是第三人称单数，现在完成时结构为has+过去分词，对应搭配填has made up。
4. 缺失语义为"该如何挣脱"，用"疑问词how + 不定式"结构作show的直接宾语，"挣脱"的固定表达是break free，所以填how to break free。
5. 缺失语义为"不必提交"，"不必"的表达用don't have to，"提交"的固定搭配是hand in，主语是you，一般现在时的否定形式符合语境，所以填don't have to hand in。
【答案】
1. were tired out 2. who/whom to ask for help 3. has made up 4. how to break free 5. don't have to hand in
【知识点】
固定短语搭配；疑问词+不定式；现在完成时
【点评】
本题侧重考查初中英语核心的词汇短语、基础语法应用能力，考点覆盖了常用场景的动词短语、非谓语的特殊结构、时态判定规则，难度适中，需要学生准确捕捉题干中的时间提示，避免出现时态、主谓一致的细节错误。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这类完成句子题型时，首先第一步要对照中英文题干，精准定位出中文对应的缺失语义，第二步结合句子给出的时间标志、已有句式结构，判断缺失部分的语法属性：是谓语动词短语、还是"疑问词+不定式"的宾语结构，第三步结合对应的固定搭配、时态规则、主谓一致要求填写正确形式。比如第1题先定位缺失语义是"累极了"，找到对应短语后根据语境判断是一般过去时；第3题看到since 2010的时间标志，直接判定要用现在完成时，其余几道题根据句意判断是"疑问词+不定式"的简化宾语结构，最后核查形式是否符合语法要求即可。
【解析】
1. 缺失语义为"累极了"，对应的固定短语是be tired out，句子描述过去徒步结束后的状态，用一般过去时，主语all of us是复数，be动词用were，所以填were tired out。
2. 缺失语义为"该向谁求助"，这里用"疑问词who/whom + 不定式"的结构作know的宾语，"求助"的固定搭配是ask for help，所以组合为who/whom to ask for help。
3. 缺失语义为"已创作出"，句中since 2010是现在完成时的典型时间标志，主语the writer是第三人称单数，现在完成时结构为has+过去分词，对应搭配填has made up。
4. 缺失语义为"该如何挣脱"，用"疑问词how + 不定式"结构作show的直接宾语，"挣脱"的固定表达是break free，所以填how to break free。
5. 缺失语义为"不必提交"，"不必"的表达用don't have to，"提交"的固定搭配是hand in，主语是you，一般现在时的否定形式符合语境，所以填don't have to hand in。
【答案】
1. were tired out 2. who/whom to ask for help 3. has made up 4. how to break free 5. don't have to hand in
【知识点】
固定短语搭配；疑问词+不定式；现在完成时
【点评】
本题侧重考查初中英语核心的词汇短语、基础语法应用能力，考点覆盖了常用场景的动词短语、非谓语的特殊结构、时态判定规则，难度适中，需要学生准确捕捉题干中的时间提示，避免出现时态、主谓一致的细节错误。
【难度系数】
0.7
八、书面表达(25分)
假如你是汤姆,你校即将举办"书香节"。你的笔友凯特发邮件询问你的阅读情况。请根
据邮件内容,写一篇90词左右的邮件进行回复。开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
I'm glad there will be a book festival in your school. Would you please tell me more
about your opinions of reading?
Do you think it's important to read? Why?
What type of book do you like? Do you write a book review after reading?
What's your favourite book and what's your reading plan for the summer holiday?
I'm looking forward to hearing from you.
Kate
Dear Kate,
Reading makes a full man.
Yours,
Tom
假如你是汤姆,你校即将举办"书香节"。你的笔友凯特发邮件询问你的阅读情况。请根
据邮件内容,写一篇90词左右的邮件进行回复。开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
I'm glad there will be a book festival in your school. Would you please tell me more
about your opinions of reading?
Do you think it's important to read? Why?
What type of book do you like? Do you write a book review after reading?
What's your favourite book and what's your reading plan for the summer holiday?
I'm looking forward to hearing from you.
Kate
Dear Kate,
Reading makes a full man.
Yours,
Tom
答案：Dear Kate,
Reading makes a full man. I think it is important for everyone to read. Reading is a
good way to open our minds and it helps us get more knowledge.
I like reading novels very much. Though the stories are made up, they can still take me
to different worlds and encourage me to face difficulties bravely. Sometimes, I write a book
review after reading. In this way, I can remember the stories more clearly and improve my
writing skills as well.
Romance of the Three Kingdoms is my favourite book. The stories in it are amazing
and Zhuge Liang is my hero.
The summer holiday is coming, and I am going to read the Harry Potter series. I plan
to finish the whole series within two months.
Yours,
Tom
Reading makes a full man. I think it is important for everyone to read. Reading is a
good way to open our minds and it helps us get more knowledge.
I like reading novels very much. Though the stories are made up, they can still take me
to different worlds and encourage me to face difficulties bravely. Sometimes, I write a book
review after reading. In this way, I can remember the stories more clearly and improve my
writing skills as well.
Romance of the Three Kingdoms is my favourite book. The stories in it are amazing
and Zhuge Liang is my hero.
The summer holiday is coming, and I am going to read the Harry Potter series. I plan
to finish the whole series within two months.
Yours,
Tom
解析：
【分析】
拿到这道书面表达题，首先第一步要明确核心要求：需要以汤姆的身份回复笔友凯特的邮件，必须完整覆盖凯特提出的所有问题，不能漏点。首先梳理需要回应的全部要点：①是否认为阅读重要并说明原因；②喜欢什么类型的书、读完是否写书评；③最喜欢的书是什么；④暑假阅读计划。接下来思考行文逻辑：顺着问题的顺序依次回应，衔接自然，语气符合笔友日常交流的轻松感，控制总词数在90左右，题干给出的开头结尾不需要计入词数、不用重新书写。写作时先回应阅读的重要性，给出增长知识、开阔眼界这类合理理由，接着说自己偏好的书籍类型，补充写书评的相关习惯和好处，再介绍自己最爱的书，最后说明暑假的阅读安排，保证逻辑通顺没有语法错误即可。
【解析】
1. 审题定位：体裁为私人邮件，使用第一人称书写，时态以一般现在时描述现有观点和习惯，用一般将来时描述暑假的阅读计划，所有题干给出的问题必须全部回应，避免遗漏要点。
2. 搭建行文结构：
① 承接开头给出的"Reading makes a full man."，直接点明阅读的重要性，说明阅读可以开阔思维、积累知识的理由。
② 接着说明自己喜爱的书籍类型，补充相关阅读感受，再说明自己有时会写书评，点明写书评可以巩固阅读内容、提升写作能力的好处。
③ 介绍自己最喜欢的书籍，简单说明喜爱的原因。
④ 最后说明自己的暑假阅读计划，给出具体的安排。
3. 润色语句，使用符合英语表达习惯的短语，保证衔接自然，无语法错误，词数符合要求。
【答案】
Dear Kate,
Reading makes a full man. I think it is important for everyone to read. Reading is a good way to open our minds and it helps us get more knowledge.
I like reading novels very much. Though the stories are made up, they can still take me to different worlds and encourage me to face difficulties bravely. Sometimes, I write a book review after reading. In this way, I can remember the stories more clearly and improve my writing skills as well.
Romance of the Three Kingdoms is my favourite book. The stories in it are amazing and Zhuge Liang is my hero.
The summer holiday is coming, and I am going to read the Harry Potter series. I plan to finish the whole series within two months.
Yours,
Tom
【知识点】
英文邮件写作，阅读话题表达，一般将来时
【点评】
本题属于提示类应用文写作，题干已经明确给出了所有需要回应的问题要点，写作门槛较低，学生只需要按顺序逐一回应所有问题，适当补充合理细节让行文连贯，避免出现基础语法错误，就可以完成一篇合格的作文。题目既考察了学生对阅读相关话题的词汇积累，也考察了日常私人邮件的写作规范，是非常典型的初中英语写作题型。
【难度系数】
0.6
拿到这道书面表达题，首先第一步要明确核心要求：需要以汤姆的身份回复笔友凯特的邮件，必须完整覆盖凯特提出的所有问题，不能漏点。首先梳理需要回应的全部要点：①是否认为阅读重要并说明原因；②喜欢什么类型的书、读完是否写书评；③最喜欢的书是什么；④暑假阅读计划。接下来思考行文逻辑：顺着问题的顺序依次回应，衔接自然，语气符合笔友日常交流的轻松感，控制总词数在90左右，题干给出的开头结尾不需要计入词数、不用重新书写。写作时先回应阅读的重要性，给出增长知识、开阔眼界这类合理理由，接着说自己偏好的书籍类型，补充写书评的相关习惯和好处，再介绍自己最爱的书，最后说明暑假的阅读安排，保证逻辑通顺没有语法错误即可。
【解析】
1. 审题定位：体裁为私人邮件，使用第一人称书写，时态以一般现在时描述现有观点和习惯，用一般将来时描述暑假的阅读计划，所有题干给出的问题必须全部回应，避免遗漏要点。
2. 搭建行文结构：
① 承接开头给出的"Reading makes a full man."，直接点明阅读的重要性，说明阅读可以开阔思维、积累知识的理由。
② 接着说明自己喜爱的书籍类型，补充相关阅读感受，再说明自己有时会写书评，点明写书评可以巩固阅读内容、提升写作能力的好处。
③ 介绍自己最喜欢的书籍，简单说明喜爱的原因。
④ 最后说明自己的暑假阅读计划，给出具体的安排。
3. 润色语句，使用符合英语表达习惯的短语，保证衔接自然，无语法错误，词数符合要求。
【答案】
Dear Kate,
Reading makes a full man. I think it is important for everyone to read. Reading is a good way to open our minds and it helps us get more knowledge.
I like reading novels very much. Though the stories are made up, they can still take me to different worlds and encourage me to face difficulties bravely. Sometimes, I write a book review after reading. In this way, I can remember the stories more clearly and improve my writing skills as well.
Romance of the Three Kingdoms is my favourite book. The stories in it are amazing and Zhuge Liang is my hero.
The summer holiday is coming, and I am going to read the Harry Potter series. I plan to finish the whole series within two months.
Yours,
Tom
【知识点】
英文邮件写作，阅读话题表达，一般将来时
【点评】
本题属于提示类应用文写作，题干已经明确给出了所有需要回应的问题要点，写作门槛较低，学生只需要按顺序逐一回应所有问题，适当补充合理细节让行文连贯，避免出现基础语法错误，就可以完成一篇合格的作文。题目既考察了学生对阅读相关话题的词汇积累，也考察了日常私人邮件的写作规范，是非常典型的初中英语写作题型。
【难度系数】
0.6