五、根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。(2025·江苏徐州鼓楼区东苑中学期中改编)
Many people leave their hometowns to w
More and more hometowns are d
Zhang Bin thinks the changes in his hometown are great. He is very h
The hometown is the place that holds his best m
1.
6.
Many people leave their hometowns to w
ork
1 in big cities. Zhang Bin, a 46-year-old man from Huaihua, is one of them. He works in a shoe factory
2 in Wenzhou. He really misses
3 his hometown.More and more hometowns are d
eveloping
4 faster than before. Large hospitals and new schools are built. There are many new roads and bridges
5. This has made travelling
6 between villages and cities much easier. Thanks to the new roads around his village, Zhang Bin is now able to open
7 an online shop that sells delicious food from his hometown.Zhang Bin thinks the changes in his hometown are great. He is very h
appy
8 about the new school in his village. However
9, he believes that one thing will never change—the lovely old tree.The hometown is the place that holds his best m
emories
10.1.
work
2. factory
3. misses
4. developing
5. bridges
6.
travelling
7. open
8. happy
9. However
10. memories
答案：五、1. work 2. factory 3. misses 4. developing 5. bridges
6. travelling 7. open 8. happy 9. However
10. memories
6. travelling 7. open 8. happy 9. However
10. memories
解析：
【分析】
做这类首字母提示的短文填空题，首先第一步要通读完整篇短文，理清文章核心主旨：本文讲述了外出务工的张斌见证家乡飞速发展的故事，明确整体语境后再逐空推导：1. 先判断空格处所需的词性，结合前后搭配和给出的首字母锁定基础词义；2. 再根据语法规则判断是否需要变形（比如第三人称单数、现在分词、名词复数等）；3. 所有空填完后再通读全文，检查语句是否通顺、逻辑是否连贯，确认答案无误。
【解析】
1. 空前是不定式符号to，后面需要接动词原形表目的，结合“人们离开家乡去大城市”的常识和首字母w，可知填work（工作）。
2. 前文提到他在温州工作，结合shoe和首字母f，可知对应的场所是factory（工厂），shoe factory意为鞋厂，符合语境。
3. 主语He是第三人称单数，句子用一般现在时描述常态，结合“在外务工的人对家乡的情感”和首字母m，可知填miss的第三人称单数形式misses（想念）。
4. 空前有be动词are，构成现在进行时be doing结构，后文提到新建医院、学校等都是家乡发展的表现，结合首字母d，可知填develop的现在分词形式developing（发展）。
5. 空前有many修饰可数名词复数，和new roads并列的基础设施，结合首字母b，可知填bridge的复数形式bridges（桥）。
6. 前文提到新建了很多道路桥梁，这类设施会让城乡之间的出行更便利，结合首字母t，可知填travelling（出行、旅行）作宾语从句的主语。
7. 固定搭配open an online shop意为开网店，空前be able to后接动词原形，结合首字母o，可知填open。
8. 前文提到张斌认为家乡的变化很棒，结合“对新学校的积极态度”和首字母h，固定搭配be happy about表示对……感到开心，可知填happy。
9. 前文说他认可家乡的巨大变化，后文说他认为有一件事永远不会改变，前后是转折关系，空后有逗号隔开，结合首字母H，可知填However（然而）。
10. 句意表示家乡承载着他最美好的回忆，回忆是可数名词，这里指多段美好回忆需要用复数形式，结合首字母m，可知填memory的复数形式memories。
【答案】
1. work 2. factory 3. misses 4. developing 5. bridges
6. travelling 7. open 8. happy 9. However 10. memories
【知识点】
首字母语境推断，动词时态变形，名词单复数变化
【点评】
本题属于初中英语常见的短文首字母填空题型，考点贴合日常学习的核心词汇，既考查学生对上下文语境的理解能力，也兼顾了基础语法的变形规则，大部分空都可以通过生活常识和固定搭配直接推导，难度适中，做完后通读全文校验逻辑通顺是避免失分的关键技巧。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这类首字母提示的短文填空题，首先第一步要通读完整篇短文，理清文章核心主旨：本文讲述了外出务工的张斌见证家乡飞速发展的故事，明确整体语境后再逐空推导：1. 先判断空格处所需的词性，结合前后搭配和给出的首字母锁定基础词义；2. 再根据语法规则判断是否需要变形（比如第三人称单数、现在分词、名词复数等）；3. 所有空填完后再通读全文，检查语句是否通顺、逻辑是否连贯，确认答案无误。
【解析】
1. 空前是不定式符号to，后面需要接动词原形表目的，结合“人们离开家乡去大城市”的常识和首字母w，可知填work（工作）。
2. 前文提到他在温州工作，结合shoe和首字母f，可知对应的场所是factory（工厂），shoe factory意为鞋厂，符合语境。
3. 主语He是第三人称单数，句子用一般现在时描述常态，结合“在外务工的人对家乡的情感”和首字母m，可知填miss的第三人称单数形式misses（想念）。
4. 空前有be动词are，构成现在进行时be doing结构，后文提到新建医院、学校等都是家乡发展的表现，结合首字母d，可知填develop的现在分词形式developing（发展）。
5. 空前有many修饰可数名词复数，和new roads并列的基础设施，结合首字母b，可知填bridge的复数形式bridges（桥）。
6. 前文提到新建了很多道路桥梁，这类设施会让城乡之间的出行更便利，结合首字母t，可知填travelling（出行、旅行）作宾语从句的主语。
7. 固定搭配open an online shop意为开网店，空前be able to后接动词原形，结合首字母o，可知填open。
8. 前文提到张斌认为家乡的变化很棒，结合“对新学校的积极态度”和首字母h，固定搭配be happy about表示对……感到开心，可知填happy。
9. 前文说他认可家乡的巨大变化，后文说他认为有一件事永远不会改变，前后是转折关系，空后有逗号隔开，结合首字母H，可知填However（然而）。
10. 句意表示家乡承载着他最美好的回忆，回忆是可数名词，这里指多段美好回忆需要用复数形式，结合首字母m，可知填memory的复数形式memories。
【答案】
1. work 2. factory 3. misses 4. developing 5. bridges
6. travelling 7. open 8. happy 9. However 10. memories
【知识点】
首字母语境推断，动词时态变形，名词单复数变化
【点评】
本题属于初中英语常见的短文首字母填空题型，考点贴合日常学习的核心词汇，既考查学生对上下文语境的理解能力，也兼顾了基础语法的变形规则，大部分空都可以通过生活常识和固定搭配直接推导，难度适中，做完后通读全文校验逻辑通顺是避免失分的关键技巧。
【难度系数】
0.7
六、阅读理解。
Automated,自动化的, kitchens aren't sci-fi scenes from films like Star Trek any more. Right now, robots are used to fry chicken, make pizza, prepare salad and many more. AI can invent recipes based on what a kitchen has. More advanced,先进的, concepts are in development to automate kitchens for fine dining.
Since technology tends to be expensive at first, restaurants and other businesses are the first ones to use AI kitchen technology. Over time, prices are likely to fall enough for the home market, changing how homes and society work.
The benefits of AI kitchens include helping cooks to avoid boring tasks like peeling potatoes. AI kitchens can free up time, allowing people to focus on more important tasks. For personalized eating, AI can fit countless special diets and tastes on demand.
However, there are risks to human well-being,康乐. Cooking is a good activity that helps with communication and self-expression, but these benefits could be reduced if human involvement becomes unnecessary. Family relationships might suffer without the collaborative,协作的, kitchen environment.
Furthermore, the kitchen serves as the household's science laboratory, playing an important role in science education. The art of cooking helps kids learn about materials, chemistry and problem-solving.
Cultural risks must also be considered. For example, AI could mess up traditional recipes and methods, as it often oversimplifies,将……过于简单化, cultural details. This may result in AI and robot cooks producing less diverse,多种多样的, dishes. Depending too heavily on technology in meal creation may result in a lack of variety, resulting in sameness in taste, similar to the strange feel of AI art images across different apps.
Convenience,便利, can come at a great cost, so it's important to consider the possible social disruptions,扰乱, that new technology might bring, especially in areas like food that are closely tied to our everyday lives.
(
A. Because they are more interested in automation.
B. Because they can afford the high costs.
C. Because they have more space for robots.
D. Because they want to attract more customers.
(
A. Meeting various demands. B. Saving money on food.
C. Reducing kitchen waste. D. Improving family relationships.
(
A. By replacing human cooks.
B. By encouraging home cooking.
C. By focusing on personalized eating.
D. By oversimplifying traditional recipes.
(
A. Positive. B. Negative.
C. Cautious,谨慎的. D. Unclear.
Automated,自动化的, kitchens aren't sci-fi scenes from films like Star Trek any more. Right now, robots are used to fry chicken, make pizza, prepare salad and many more. AI can invent recipes based on what a kitchen has. More advanced,先进的, concepts are in development to automate kitchens for fine dining.
Since technology tends to be expensive at first, restaurants and other businesses are the first ones to use AI kitchen technology. Over time, prices are likely to fall enough for the home market, changing how homes and society work.
The benefits of AI kitchens include helping cooks to avoid boring tasks like peeling potatoes. AI kitchens can free up time, allowing people to focus on more important tasks. For personalized eating, AI can fit countless special diets and tastes on demand.
However, there are risks to human well-being,康乐. Cooking is a good activity that helps with communication and self-expression, but these benefits could be reduced if human involvement becomes unnecessary. Family relationships might suffer without the collaborative,协作的, kitchen environment.
Furthermore, the kitchen serves as the household's science laboratory, playing an important role in science education. The art of cooking helps kids learn about materials, chemistry and problem-solving.
Cultural risks must also be considered. For example, AI could mess up traditional recipes and methods, as it often oversimplifies,将……过于简单化, cultural details. This may result in AI and robot cooks producing less diverse,多种多样的, dishes. Depending too heavily on technology in meal creation may result in a lack of variety, resulting in sameness in taste, similar to the strange feel of AI art images across different apps.
Convenience,便利, can come at a great cost, so it's important to consider the possible social disruptions,扰乱, that new technology might bring, especially in areas like food that are closely tied to our everyday lives.
(
B
)1. Why are restaurants the first to use AI kitchen technology?A. Because they are more interested in automation.
B. Because they can afford the high costs.
C. Because they have more space for robots.
D. Because they want to attract more customers.
(
A
)2. What is one potential benefit of AI kitchens mentioned in the article?A. Meeting various demands. B. Saving money on food.
C. Reducing kitchen waste. D. Improving family relationships.
(
D
)3. How could AI potentially harm cultural diversity in food?A. By replacing human cooks.
B. By encouraging home cooking.
C. By focusing on personalized eating.
D. By oversimplifying traditional recipes.
(
C
)4. What is the author's attitude towards the widespread use of AI kitchens?A. Positive. B. Negative.
C. Cautious,谨慎的. D. Unclear.
答案：六、1.B 【点拨】根据“Since technology tends to be expensive at first, restaurants and other businesses are the first ones to use AI kitchen technology.”可知，餐厅是第一批使用AI技术的地方，因为这些技术一开始往往很昂贵，而餐厅和其他企业能够承担得起高昂的成本。故选B。
2.A 【点拨】根据“For personalized eating, AI can fit countless special diets and tastes on demand.”可知，AI的一个潜在好处是能够满足各种不同的饮食需求。故选A。
3.D 【点拨】根据“Cultural risks must also be considered. For example, AI could mess up traditional recipes and methods, as it often oversimplifies将……过于简单化cultural details.”可知，AI可能会过度简化文化细节，从而潜在破坏食品的文化多样性。故选D。
4.C 【点拨】根据最后一段内容可知，作者对AI厨房的广泛使用持谨慎态度，认为实现便利可能会付出巨大的代价，需要考虑新技术可能带来的社会混乱。故选C。
2.A 【点拨】根据“For personalized eating, AI can fit countless special diets and tastes on demand.”可知，AI的一个潜在好处是能够满足各种不同的饮食需求。故选A。
3.D 【点拨】根据“Cultural risks must also be considered. For example, AI could mess up traditional recipes and methods, as it often oversimplifies将……过于简单化cultural details.”可知，AI可能会过度简化文化细节，从而潜在破坏食品的文化多样性。故选D。
4.C 【点拨】根据最后一段内容可知，作者对AI厨房的广泛使用持谨慎态度，认为实现便利可能会付出巨大的代价，需要考虑新技术可能带来的社会混乱。故选C。
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇科技主题的说明文阅读理解，解题思路非常清晰：首先先浏览4道题干划出核心关键词，之后带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位信息，所有选项必须找到原文明确依据才能判定正确，排除无中生有的干扰项。做细节题时直接匹配原文表述，做作者态度题时结合首尾段和作者的表述倾向判断，不要主观臆断。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位到原文第二段第一句"Since technology tends to be expensive at first, restaurants and other businesses are the first ones to use AI kitchen technology"，可知早期AI厨房技术成本很高，餐厅作为经营主体有能力承担高昂费用，因此最先使用。选项A的"更感兴趣"、C的"有更多空间放机器人"、D的"吸引更多顾客"原文均未提及，只有B符合原文逻辑。
2. 第2题：定位到原文第三段最后一句"For personalized eating, AI can fit countless special diets and tastes on demand"，说明AI厨房可以按需适配无数特殊饮食和口味，对应A选项"满足各类不同需求"。B的"节省食物开支"、C的"减少厨房浪费"原文完全没有提到，D的"改善家庭关系"和原文提到的"家庭关系可能受损"表述相反，因此选A。
3. 第3题：定位到原文第六段"AI could mess up traditional recipes and methods, as it often oversimplifies cultural details. This may result in AI and robot cooks producing less diverse dishes"，可知AI会过度简化传统食谱里的文化细节，最终导致菜品多样性下降，对应D选项。A的"替换人类厨师"没有点明和文化多样性的关联，B的"鼓励居家烹饪"完全不符合原文表述，C的"聚焦个性化饮食"不是破坏文化多样性的原因，因此选D。
4. 第4题：作者既介绍了AI厨房的便利优势，也从健康、家庭教育、饮食文化多个维度指出了潜在风险，最后一段明确提出"便利可能要付出巨大代价，需要谨慎考量新技术带来的社会扰乱"，既没有完全否定AI厨房，也没有全盘支持，态度是谨慎的，选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，作者态度推断，说明文信息提取
【点评】
本题属于中等难度的常规阅读题，考点覆盖了细节理解和态度推断两类高频题型，干扰项大多是无中生有的主观臆造内容，同学们解题时只要牢记所有答案都能在原文找到对应依据，不自行脑补信息，就能轻松选出正确选项。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇科技主题的说明文阅读理解，解题思路非常清晰：首先先浏览4道题干划出核心关键词，之后带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位信息，所有选项必须找到原文明确依据才能判定正确，排除无中生有的干扰项。做细节题时直接匹配原文表述，做作者态度题时结合首尾段和作者的表述倾向判断，不要主观臆断。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位到原文第二段第一句"Since technology tends to be expensive at first, restaurants and other businesses are the first ones to use AI kitchen technology"，可知早期AI厨房技术成本很高，餐厅作为经营主体有能力承担高昂费用，因此最先使用。选项A的"更感兴趣"、C的"有更多空间放机器人"、D的"吸引更多顾客"原文均未提及，只有B符合原文逻辑。
2. 第2题：定位到原文第三段最后一句"For personalized eating, AI can fit countless special diets and tastes on demand"，说明AI厨房可以按需适配无数特殊饮食和口味，对应A选项"满足各类不同需求"。B的"节省食物开支"、C的"减少厨房浪费"原文完全没有提到，D的"改善家庭关系"和原文提到的"家庭关系可能受损"表述相反，因此选A。
3. 第3题：定位到原文第六段"AI could mess up traditional recipes and methods, as it often oversimplifies cultural details. This may result in AI and robot cooks producing less diverse dishes"，可知AI会过度简化传统食谱里的文化细节，最终导致菜品多样性下降，对应D选项。A的"替换人类厨师"没有点明和文化多样性的关联，B的"鼓励居家烹饪"完全不符合原文表述，C的"聚焦个性化饮食"不是破坏文化多样性的原因，因此选D。
4. 第4题：作者既介绍了AI厨房的便利优势，也从健康、家庭教育、饮食文化多个维度指出了潜在风险，最后一段明确提出"便利可能要付出巨大代价，需要谨慎考量新技术带来的社会扰乱"，既没有完全否定AI厨房，也没有全盘支持，态度是谨慎的，选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，作者态度推断，说明文信息提取
【点评】
本题属于中等难度的常规阅读题，考点覆盖了细节理解和态度推断两类高频题型，干扰项大多是无中生有的主观臆造内容，同学们解题时只要牢记所有答案都能在原文找到对应依据，不自行脑补信息，就能轻松选出正确选项。
【难度系数】
0.7