五、完形填空。
Do you often use plastic straws? You probably use them to 1 lots of things such as soybean milk, cola or milk tea. Plastic straws are small 2 they are a big problem. They are made in 10 minutes, used in 20 3 and normally remain on the earth for over 100 years since they cannot be 4 easily.
But how do plastic straws get into the 5? Because of human mistakes, they are often thrown away, left on beaches, or blown out of bins. The waste management in some areas are so poor and remember, all gutters lead to our ocean. 6, plastic straws kill ocean life. Once a 7 was found bleeding because a 12-centimetre-long plastic straw was pushed into 8 nose. How terrible!
In fact, around 500 million plastic straws are used every day in the US alone. That is enough to circle 9 two-and-a-half times around our planet! If we don't take action now, there will be 10 plastic in the ocean than fish by 2050.
Luckily, more and more people around the world have realized this problem. They begin to think about ______ 11 ______ plastic straws are necessary or not when drinking drinks.
So what can we do right now to reduce plastic pollution? The simplest way is to say "12" to single-use plastic, like plastic straws. For example, next time if you go to a restaurant, make sure you order your drink without a straw. What if people need to use a straw? There are reusable straws instead. These straws can be used, 13, and reused over and over again.
The coffee house chain Starbucks has started to 14 lids without straws and paper straws instead of plastic straws in almost 1,000 stores in Shanghai and Shenzhen. Starbucks is not alone. McDonald's has 15 taken action to reduce the use of plastic straws. It is hoped that more businesses and customers will work together to protect our environment.
()1. A. drink B. eat C. tie D. make
()2. A. so B. and C. or D. but
()3. A. months B. minutes C. hours D. days
()4. A. cut down B. written down C. broken down D. put down
()5. A. earth B. air C. water D. ocean
()6. A. For example B. Such as C. Even worse D. For one thing
()7. A. camel B. monkey C. turtle D. giraffe
()8. A. their B. its C. her D. his
()9. A. closely B. nearly C. specially D. particularly
()10. A. more B. fewer C. less D. better
()11. A. whether B. if C. why D. what
()12. A. hello B. sorry C. yes D. no
()13. A. repaired B. burned C. picked D. cleaned
()14. A. offer B. afford C. affect D. instruct
()15. A. still B. also C. ever D. just
Do you often use plastic straws? You probably use them to 1 lots of things such as soybean milk, cola or milk tea. Plastic straws are small 2 they are a big problem. They are made in 10 minutes, used in 20 3 and normally remain on the earth for over 100 years since they cannot be 4 easily.
But how do plastic straws get into the 5? Because of human mistakes, they are often thrown away, left on beaches, or blown out of bins. The waste management in some areas are so poor and remember, all gutters lead to our ocean. 6, plastic straws kill ocean life. Once a 7 was found bleeding because a 12-centimetre-long plastic straw was pushed into 8 nose. How terrible!
In fact, around 500 million plastic straws are used every day in the US alone. That is enough to circle 9 two-and-a-half times around our planet! If we don't take action now, there will be 10 plastic in the ocean than fish by 2050.
Luckily, more and more people around the world have realized this problem. They begin to think about ______ 11 ______ plastic straws are necessary or not when drinking drinks.
So what can we do right now to reduce plastic pollution? The simplest way is to say "12" to single-use plastic, like plastic straws. For example, next time if you go to a restaurant, make sure you order your drink without a straw. What if people need to use a straw? There are reusable straws instead. These straws can be used, 13, and reused over and over again.
The coffee house chain Starbucks has started to 14 lids without straws and paper straws instead of plastic straws in almost 1,000 stores in Shanghai and Shenzhen. Starbucks is not alone. McDonald's has 15 taken action to reduce the use of plastic straws. It is hoped that more businesses and customers will work together to protect our environment.
()1. A. drink B. eat C. tie D. make
()2. A. so B. and C. or D. but
()3. A. months B. minutes C. hours D. days
()4. A. cut down B. written down C. broken down D. put down
()5. A. earth B. air C. water D. ocean
()6. A. For example B. Such as C. Even worse D. For one thing
()7. A. camel B. monkey C. turtle D. giraffe
()8. A. their B. its C. her D. his
()9. A. closely B. nearly C. specially D. particularly
()10. A. more B. fewer C. less D. better
()11. A. whether B. if C. why D. what
()12. A. hello B. sorry C. yes D. no
()13. A. repaired B. burned C. picked D. cleaned
()14. A. offer B. afford C. affect D. instruct
()15. A. still B. also C. ever D. just
答案:1. A 【点拨】根据"soybean milk(豆浆),cola or milk
tea"可知,这些液体的东西是用来喝的。故选A。
2. D 【点拨】根据语境可知,"小吸管"和"大问题"之间构
成转折关系。故选D。
3. B 【点拨】根据常识和"They are made in 10 minutes"
可知,应该表示用20分钟。故选B。
4. C 【点拨】根据"normally remain on the earth for over
100 years"可知,塑料吸管不容易分解。故选C。
5. D 【点拨】根据下文"The waste management in some
areas are so poor and remember, all gutters(排水沟)
lead to our ocean."可知,此处指进入"海洋"。故选D。
6. C 【点拨】for example例如;such as例如;even worse
更糟糕的是;for one thing一方面。根据上文和
"plastic straws kill ocean life"可知,表示递进关系。故
选C。
7. C 【点拨】根据上文"lead to our ocean"可知,此处描写
海洋中的动物。故选C。
8. B 【点拨】their他/她/它们的;its它的;her她的;his
他的。此处指代turtle作定语,应用its。故选B。
9. B 【点拨】根据上文中的"around 500 million plastic
straws"可知,这么多的吸管可以绕地球将近两圈半。
故选B。
10. A 【点拨】根据语境可知,到2050年,海洋中的塑料
数量将超过鱼类。故选A。
11. A 【点拨】句意:他们开始思考饮用饮料时是否需要
塑料吸管。whether是否;if是否;why为什么;what
什么。与or not连用时应用whether。故选A。
12. D 【点拨】句意:最简单的方法是对一次性使用的塑
料(如塑料吸管)说"不"。hello喂;sorry对不起;yes
是;no不。故选D。
13. D 【点拨】根据语境可知,这些吸管应是被清洗后再
次使用。故选D。
14. A 【点拨】根据"instead of plastic straws"可知,星巴
克已开始提供不带吸管的盖子和纸吸管,而不是塑料
吸管。故选A。
15. B 【点拨】句意:麦当劳也采取行动减少塑料吸管的使
用。still仍然;also也;ever曾经;just刚刚。故选B。
tea"可知,这些液体的东西是用来喝的。故选A。
2. D 【点拨】根据语境可知,"小吸管"和"大问题"之间构
成转折关系。故选D。
3. B 【点拨】根据常识和"They are made in 10 minutes"
可知,应该表示用20分钟。故选B。
4. C 【点拨】根据"normally remain on the earth for over
100 years"可知,塑料吸管不容易分解。故选C。
5. D 【点拨】根据下文"The waste management in some
areas are so poor and remember, all gutters(排水沟)
lead to our ocean."可知,此处指进入"海洋"。故选D。
6. C 【点拨】for example例如;such as例如;even worse
更糟糕的是;for one thing一方面。根据上文和
"plastic straws kill ocean life"可知,表示递进关系。故
选C。
7. C 【点拨】根据上文"lead to our ocean"可知,此处描写
海洋中的动物。故选C。
8. B 【点拨】their他/她/它们的;its它的;her她的;his
他的。此处指代turtle作定语,应用its。故选B。
9. B 【点拨】根据上文中的"around 500 million plastic
straws"可知,这么多的吸管可以绕地球将近两圈半。
故选B。
10. A 【点拨】根据语境可知,到2050年,海洋中的塑料
数量将超过鱼类。故选A。
11. A 【点拨】句意:他们开始思考饮用饮料时是否需要
塑料吸管。whether是否;if是否;why为什么;what
什么。与or not连用时应用whether。故选A。
12. D 【点拨】句意:最简单的方法是对一次性使用的塑
料(如塑料吸管)说"不"。hello喂;sorry对不起;yes
是;no不。故选D。
13. D 【点拨】根据语境可知,这些吸管应是被清洗后再
次使用。故选D。
14. A 【点拨】根据"instead of plastic straws"可知,星巴
克已开始提供不带吸管的盖子和纸吸管,而不是塑料
吸管。故选A。
15. B 【点拨】句意:麦当劳也采取行动减少塑料吸管的使
用。still仍然;also也;ever曾经;just刚刚。故选B。
解析:
【分析】
做完形填空首先要先通读全文,明确本文核心主题是介绍塑料吸管带来的严重海洋污染问题,以及全球各界为减少塑料吸管使用采取的环保举措。解题时逐空结合上下文给出的线索、生活常识、词汇词义辨析和固定搭配来推导答案:
1. 先定位每空前后的提示信息,比如第1空后给出的豆浆、可乐、奶茶都是饮品,自然对应“喝”的动作;
2. 遇到逻辑类的空,比如第2空、第6空,要判断前后文的逻辑关系是转折、递进还是并列,匹配对应的连词;
3. 遇到固定搭配类的空,比如第11空后面有or not,直接对应whether的固定用法;
4. 遇到常识类的空,结合生活常识判断,比如塑料吸管使用时间很短、难以自然分解等常识都可以辅助选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 后文提到的豆浆、可乐、奶茶都属于饮品,使用吸管的目的是喝这些饮品,选A.drink。
2. 前文说塑料吸管很小,后文说它们是大问题,前后是转折关系,选D.but。
3. 前文提到塑料吸管制作只需要10分钟,结合常识它的使用时间也很短,仅20分钟,选B.minutes。
4. 后文提到塑料吸管通常在地球上留存超过100年,说明它们很难被分解,break down有“分解”的含义,选C.broken down。
5. 后文明确提到所有排水沟最终都通向海洋,这里是提问塑料吸管是如何进入海洋的,选D.ocean。
6. 前文提到塑料吸管进入海洋,后文说塑料吸管会杀死海洋生物,语义是更糟糕的递进关系,选C.Even worse。
7. 前文提到海洋生物,选项里只有海龟是海洋生物,选C.turtle。
8. 此处指代前文提到的海龟,修饰名词nose,要用形容词性物主代词its,选B.its。
9. 这里表示5亿根塑料吸管的总长度足够将近绕地球两圈半,nearly表示“将近、几乎”,符合语境,选B.nearly。
10. 后文有than表示比较,语境是到2050年海洋里的塑料会比鱼更多,选A.more。
11. 后文出现or not,whether...or not是固定搭配,表示“是否”,选A.whether。
12. 后文号召减少一次性塑料的使用,所以最简单的方式是对一次性塑料说“不”,选D.no。
13. 可重复使用的吸管,使用后需要清洗才能反复使用,选D.cleaned。
14. 星巴克开始在门店提供不带吸管的杯盖和纸吸管,offer表示“提供”符合语境,选A.offer。
15. 前文提到星巴克采取了行动,这里表示麦当劳也采取了相关行动,also表示“也”,选B.also。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.C 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.A 11.A 12.D 13.D 14.A 15.B
【知识点】
完形语境推理
连词词义辨析
固定搭配辨析
【点评】
本篇完形填空选取了当下热门的环保主题,贴近学生日常生活,整体难度适中,大部分题目都可以通过上下文给出的明确提示、生活常识直接推导得出,少量题目考察基础词汇辨析和固定搭配的掌握,在考察学生英语基础知识的同时,也能引导学生树立减少塑料污染、保护海洋环境的环保意识。
【难度系数】
0.7
做完形填空首先要先通读全文,明确本文核心主题是介绍塑料吸管带来的严重海洋污染问题,以及全球各界为减少塑料吸管使用采取的环保举措。解题时逐空结合上下文给出的线索、生活常识、词汇词义辨析和固定搭配来推导答案:
1. 先定位每空前后的提示信息,比如第1空后给出的豆浆、可乐、奶茶都是饮品,自然对应“喝”的动作;
2. 遇到逻辑类的空,比如第2空、第6空,要判断前后文的逻辑关系是转折、递进还是并列,匹配对应的连词;
3. 遇到固定搭配类的空,比如第11空后面有or not,直接对应whether的固定用法;
4. 遇到常识类的空,结合生活常识判断,比如塑料吸管使用时间很短、难以自然分解等常识都可以辅助选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 后文提到的豆浆、可乐、奶茶都属于饮品,使用吸管的目的是喝这些饮品,选A.drink。
2. 前文说塑料吸管很小,后文说它们是大问题,前后是转折关系,选D.but。
3. 前文提到塑料吸管制作只需要10分钟,结合常识它的使用时间也很短,仅20分钟,选B.minutes。
4. 后文提到塑料吸管通常在地球上留存超过100年,说明它们很难被分解,break down有“分解”的含义,选C.broken down。
5. 后文明确提到所有排水沟最终都通向海洋,这里是提问塑料吸管是如何进入海洋的,选D.ocean。
6. 前文提到塑料吸管进入海洋,后文说塑料吸管会杀死海洋生物,语义是更糟糕的递进关系,选C.Even worse。
7. 前文提到海洋生物,选项里只有海龟是海洋生物,选C.turtle。
8. 此处指代前文提到的海龟,修饰名词nose,要用形容词性物主代词its,选B.its。
9. 这里表示5亿根塑料吸管的总长度足够将近绕地球两圈半,nearly表示“将近、几乎”,符合语境,选B.nearly。
10. 后文有than表示比较,语境是到2050年海洋里的塑料会比鱼更多,选A.more。
11. 后文出现or not,whether...or not是固定搭配,表示“是否”,选A.whether。
12. 后文号召减少一次性塑料的使用,所以最简单的方式是对一次性塑料说“不”,选D.no。
13. 可重复使用的吸管,使用后需要清洗才能反复使用,选D.cleaned。
14. 星巴克开始在门店提供不带吸管的杯盖和纸吸管,offer表示“提供”符合语境,选A.offer。
15. 前文提到星巴克采取了行动,这里表示麦当劳也采取了相关行动,also表示“也”,选B.also。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.C 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.A 11.A 12.D 13.D 14.A 15.B
【知识点】
完形语境推理
连词词义辨析
固定搭配辨析
【点评】
本篇完形填空选取了当下热门的环保主题,贴近学生日常生活,整体难度适中,大部分题目都可以通过上下文给出的明确提示、生活常识直接推导得出,少量题目考察基础词汇辨析和固定搭配的掌握,在考察学生英语基础知识的同时,也能引导学生树立减少塑料污染、保护海洋环境的环保意识。
【难度系数】
0.7