五、根据课文改编内容和首字母提示,写出一个完整正确的单词。
After our ship c 1 against the rocks, I swam as far as I could. And I was t 2 out. I went to sleep. When I w 3 up, the sun was rising, but I could not move. Just at that moment, I felt something on my leg. I looked down and saw a very small man. Soon more small men started climbing all over me. I s 4 at them. The loud noise made some of them f 5 over. One of these small men began talking to me, but I could not understand him. I did not know what to say e 6.
I tried to p 7 one hand out of the ropes and finally managed to break free. When I lifted my left hand into the air, the small men began to shout. I looked down and saw a huge a 8 of tiny people. They were coming s 9 towards me. "I must run away from them," I thought, but I did not know how to g 10 away.
1.
6.
After our ship c 1 against the rocks, I swam as far as I could. And I was t 2 out. I went to sleep. When I w 3 up, the sun was rising, but I could not move. Just at that moment, I felt something on my leg. I looked down and saw a very small man. Soon more small men started climbing all over me. I s 4 at them. The loud noise made some of them f 5 over. One of these small men began talking to me, but I could not understand him. I did not know what to say e 6.
I tried to p 7 one hand out of the ropes and finally managed to break free. When I lifted my left hand into the air, the small men began to shout. I looked down and saw a huge a 8 of tiny people. They were coming s 9 towards me. "I must run away from them," I thought, but I did not know how to g 10 away.
1.
crashed
2. tired
3. woke
4. shouted
5. fall
6.
either
7. pull
8. army
9. straight
10. get
答案：五、1. crashed 2. tired 3. woke 4. shouted 5. fall
6. either 7. pull 8. army 9. straight 10. get
6. either 7. pull 8. army 9. straight 10. get
解析：
【分析】
这是依托《格列佛游记》相关课文改编的首字母填空题，解题时第一步先通读整个语篇，梳理清楚故事脉络：船触礁后主人公漂流到小人国的经历，对整体语境有初步把握。接下来逐个空格结合首字母提示、课内所学的固定短语搭配、全文统一的一般过去时时态规则，同时兼顾句子的语法结构（比如make sb do、try to do这类非谓语规则）推导对应单词，推导完成后再代入全文通读检查，确认语义通顺、形式正确即可。
【解析】
1. 本句描述船撞击礁石的动作，固定搭配crash against意为“撞上、撞击”，故事发生在过去，需使用一般过去时，crash的过去式为crashed。
2. 前文提到主人公尽全力游泳，后续说自己睡着了，符合“筋疲力尽”的语境，固定短语be tired out表示“筋疲力尽”，填tired。
3. 后文提示太阳正在升起，对应“醒来”的动作，固定短语wake up意为“醒来”，全文为过去时态，wake的过去式是woke。
4. 后文提到发出巨大的声响，对应朝小人大喊的动作，固定搭配shout at sb意为“朝某人大喊”，使用过去式shouted。
5. 巨大的声响让小人摔倒，固定短语fall over意为“摔倒”，句子是make sb do sth结构，后面接动词原形fall。
6. 句子为否定句，表达“我也不知道该说什么”的含义，否定句中表示“也”用either，符合首字母提示。
7. 后文提到最终挣脱绳索，对应把一只手从绳索里拉出来的动作，pull sth out of意为“把某物从……拉出”，try to后接动词原形，填pull。
8. 固定表达a huge army of意为“一大群（密集的人群）”，用来形容密密麻麻的小人，填army。
9. 此处描述小人径直朝主人公走来，come straight towards sb意为“径直朝某人走来”，填straight。
10. 前文提到主人公想要逃离，固定短语get away意为“逃离、脱身”，how to后接动词原形，填get。
【答案】
1. crashed 2. tired 3. woke 4. shouted 5. fall
6. either 7. pull 8. army 9. straight 10. get
【知识点】
固定短语搭配
一般过去时
语境词汇运用
【点评】
本题依托课内经典课文改编，既考察学生对课本核心短语的熟悉程度，也锻炼学生结合上下文逻辑推导词汇的能力，解题时要注意区分动词的时态变化、固定结构中的动词形式要求，避免出现形式类错误。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是依托《格列佛游记》相关课文改编的首字母填空题，解题时第一步先通读整个语篇，梳理清楚故事脉络：船触礁后主人公漂流到小人国的经历，对整体语境有初步把握。接下来逐个空格结合首字母提示、课内所学的固定短语搭配、全文统一的一般过去时时态规则，同时兼顾句子的语法结构（比如make sb do、try to do这类非谓语规则）推导对应单词，推导完成后再代入全文通读检查，确认语义通顺、形式正确即可。
【解析】
1. 本句描述船撞击礁石的动作，固定搭配crash against意为“撞上、撞击”，故事发生在过去，需使用一般过去时，crash的过去式为crashed。
2. 前文提到主人公尽全力游泳，后续说自己睡着了，符合“筋疲力尽”的语境，固定短语be tired out表示“筋疲力尽”，填tired。
3. 后文提示太阳正在升起，对应“醒来”的动作，固定短语wake up意为“醒来”，全文为过去时态，wake的过去式是woke。
4. 后文提到发出巨大的声响，对应朝小人大喊的动作，固定搭配shout at sb意为“朝某人大喊”，使用过去式shouted。
5. 巨大的声响让小人摔倒，固定短语fall over意为“摔倒”，句子是make sb do sth结构，后面接动词原形fall。
6. 句子为否定句，表达“我也不知道该说什么”的含义，否定句中表示“也”用either，符合首字母提示。
7. 后文提到最终挣脱绳索，对应把一只手从绳索里拉出来的动作，pull sth out of意为“把某物从……拉出”，try to后接动词原形，填pull。
8. 固定表达a huge army of意为“一大群（密集的人群）”，用来形容密密麻麻的小人，填army。
9. 此处描述小人径直朝主人公走来，come straight towards sb意为“径直朝某人走来”，填straight。
10. 前文提到主人公想要逃离，固定短语get away意为“逃离、脱身”，how to后接动词原形，填get。
【答案】
1. crashed 2. tired 3. woke 4. shouted 5. fall
6. either 7. pull 8. army 9. straight 10. get
【知识点】
固定短语搭配
一般过去时
语境词汇运用
【点评】
本题依托课内经典课文改编，既考察学生对课本核心短语的熟悉程度，也锻炼学生结合上下文逻辑推导词汇的能力，解题时要注意区分动词的时态变化、固定结构中的动词形式要求，避免出现形式类错误。
【难度系数】
0.7
六、传统文化阅读理解。
The brush pen, one of the "Four Treasures of the Study", was invented thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It was difficult for people to write well on thin silk.
It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the Kingdom of Qin, improved the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against the Kingdom of Chu, he had to write reports to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it.
One day after hunting, Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on the back of his horse. Fat and heavy, one rabbit's tail left a long trail on the ground when it moved on. Suddenly a good idea came into his mind when he saw it. "If I tie the rabbit's hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?"
On arriving home, he tied the rabbit's hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit's hair was too smooth to write well and wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his "invention" into a stone hole in the yard.
However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his "invention" fatter in the stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush worked smoothly on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last.
Thanks to Meng, the brush pen is playing a key role in Chinese culture. Today, students are taught to use brush pens in school. It helps them better understand Chinese culture.
(
A. Because the king asked him to do so.
B. Because he wanted to be an inventor.
C. Because the pen brought him much trouble.
D. Because he didn't have silk to write on.
(
a. The brush pen could write well.
b. Meng tied the rabbit's hair to a stick.
c. The special water washed the oil away.
d. Meng dropped the stick into a stone hole.
e. Meng came up with a new idea on the way home after hunting.
A. e-b-d-c-a B. d-b-a-c-e C. e-b-d-a-c D. d-b-c-a-e
(
A. By learning to use brush pens. B. By inventing new things.
C. By making pens with animal hair. D. By planting more bamboo.
(
A. Learn from animals. B. Value wonderful memories.
C. Think twice before taking action. D. Keep trying and never give up.
The brush pen, one of the "Four Treasures of the Study", was invented thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It was difficult for people to write well on thin silk.
It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the Kingdom of Qin, improved the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against the Kingdom of Chu, he had to write reports to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it.
One day after hunting, Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on the back of his horse. Fat and heavy, one rabbit's tail left a long trail on the ground when it moved on. Suddenly a good idea came into his mind when he saw it. "If I tie the rabbit's hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?"
On arriving home, he tied the rabbit's hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit's hair was too smooth to write well and wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his "invention" into a stone hole in the yard.
However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his "invention" fatter in the stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush worked smoothly on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last.
Thanks to Meng, the brush pen is playing a key role in Chinese culture. Today, students are taught to use brush pens in school. It helps them better understand Chinese culture.
(
C
)1. Why did Meng Tian want to improve the pen?A. Because the king asked him to do so.
B. Because he wanted to be an inventor.
C. Because the pen brought him much trouble.
D. Because he didn't have silk to write on.
(
A
)2. 新考法 Which is the RIGHT order of improving the brush pen?a. The brush pen could write well.
b. Meng tied the rabbit's hair to a stick.
c. The special water washed the oil away.
d. Meng dropped the stick into a stone hole.
e. Meng came up with a new idea on the way home after hunting.
A. e-b-d-c-a B. d-b-a-c-e C. e-b-d-a-c D. d-b-c-a-e
(
A
)3. How can the students understand Chinese culture better according to the passage?A. By learning to use brush pens. B. By inventing new things.
C. By making pens with animal hair. D. By planting more bamboo.
(
D
)4. What can we learn from the passage?A. Learn from animals. B. Value wonderful memories.
C. Think twice before taking action. D. Keep trying and never give up.
答案：六、1. C 【点拨】根据“But his pen was too hard and caused
him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to
improve it.”可知,蒙恬改进笔的原因是原来的笔给他
带来了很多麻烦。故选C。
2. A 【点拨】根据文章内容可知,改进毛笔的顺序是:蒙
恬打猎回家的路上想到新主意(e)→他把兔毛绑在棍
子上(b)→因不好用把它扔进院子的石洞里(d)→雨
后石洞里特殊的水洗掉了兔毛上的油脂(c)→毛笔能
很好地写字了(a)。故选A。
3. A 【点拨】根据“Today, students are taught to use
brush pens in school. It helps them better understand
Chinese culture.”可知,学生通过学会使用毛笔可以更
好地理解中国文化。故选A。
4. D 【点拨】根据“However, Meng never gave up and
kept trying all the time.”以及整个故事的发展可知,我
们可以从文章中学到的是:不断尝试,永不放弃。故
选D。
him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to
improve it.”可知,蒙恬改进笔的原因是原来的笔给他
带来了很多麻烦。故选C。
2. A 【点拨】根据文章内容可知,改进毛笔的顺序是:蒙
恬打猎回家的路上想到新主意(e)→他把兔毛绑在棍
子上(b)→因不好用把它扔进院子的石洞里(d)→雨
后石洞里特殊的水洗掉了兔毛上的油脂(c)→毛笔能
很好地写字了(a)。故选A。
3. A 【点拨】根据“Today, students are taught to use
brush pens in school. It helps them better understand
Chinese culture.”可知,学生通过学会使用毛笔可以更
好地理解中国文化。故选A。
4. D 【点拨】根据“However, Meng never gave up and
kept trying all the time.”以及整个故事的发展可知,我
们可以从文章中学到的是:不断尝试,永不放弃。故
选D。
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇介绍毛笔改良起源的传统文化类阅读理解，解题时可以先通读题干明确每道题的考点，再带着问题回原文定位对应内容：第1题是细节原因题，直接找蒙恬想要改良毛笔的相关表述；第2题是事件排序题，逐个在原文找到五个事件的出现先后顺序，匹配选项即可；第3题是细节题，定位学生理解中国文化的方式的相关语句；第4题是主旨道理题，结合全文故事的核心走向提炼传递的道理，排除不符合的选项。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段最后一句"But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it."，可知蒙恬想要改良毛笔是因为旧的笔给他带来了很多麻烦，A选项国王要求、B选项想当发明家、D选项没有书写用的丝绸都不符合原文表述，因此选C。
2. 梳理原文事件先后：首先第三段打猎回家路上蒙恬看到兔子尾巴的痕迹想到新主意（对应e）→第四段到家后他把兔毛绑在棍子上尝试制作（对应b）→制作出来的笔不好用，他把这个发明扔进院子的石洞里（对应d）→第五段几天后下雨，石洞里的特殊水清理掉了兔毛上的油脂（对应c）→之后这支毛笔书写顺滑，可以很好地写字（对应a），正确顺序是e-b-d-c-a，对应选项A。
3. 定位原文最后一段"Today, students are taught to use brush pens in school. It helps them better understand Chinese culture."，可知学生通过学习使用毛笔可以更好地理解中国文化，其余选项原文均未提及，因此选A。
4. 全文讲述蒙恬改良毛笔的过程中遇到失败也没有放弃，不断尝试最终成功的故事，结合第五段"However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time."的表述，传递的核心道理是要不断尝试、永不放弃，其余选项都不符合故事主旨，因此选D。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D
【知识点】
英语细节阅读，事件排序，主旨归纳
【点评】
本题结合中国传统文房四宝中毛笔的改良故事命题，既考查学生的阅读理解信息定位能力，又渗透了中华优秀传统文化，所有题目考点清晰，大部分答案都可以直接在原文找到对应依据，适合巩固基础阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍毛笔改良起源的传统文化类阅读理解，解题时可以先通读题干明确每道题的考点，再带着问题回原文定位对应内容：第1题是细节原因题，直接找蒙恬想要改良毛笔的相关表述；第2题是事件排序题，逐个在原文找到五个事件的出现先后顺序，匹配选项即可；第3题是细节题，定位学生理解中国文化的方式的相关语句；第4题是主旨道理题，结合全文故事的核心走向提炼传递的道理，排除不符合的选项。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段最后一句"But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it."，可知蒙恬想要改良毛笔是因为旧的笔给他带来了很多麻烦，A选项国王要求、B选项想当发明家、D选项没有书写用的丝绸都不符合原文表述，因此选C。
2. 梳理原文事件先后：首先第三段打猎回家路上蒙恬看到兔子尾巴的痕迹想到新主意（对应e）→第四段到家后他把兔毛绑在棍子上尝试制作（对应b）→制作出来的笔不好用，他把这个发明扔进院子的石洞里（对应d）→第五段几天后下雨，石洞里的特殊水清理掉了兔毛上的油脂（对应c）→之后这支毛笔书写顺滑，可以很好地写字（对应a），正确顺序是e-b-d-c-a，对应选项A。
3. 定位原文最后一段"Today, students are taught to use brush pens in school. It helps them better understand Chinese culture."，可知学生通过学习使用毛笔可以更好地理解中国文化，其余选项原文均未提及，因此选A。
4. 全文讲述蒙恬改良毛笔的过程中遇到失败也没有放弃，不断尝试最终成功的故事，结合第五段"However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time."的表述，传递的核心道理是要不断尝试、永不放弃，其余选项都不符合故事主旨，因此选D。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D
【知识点】
英语细节阅读，事件排序，主旨归纳
【点评】
本题结合中国传统文房四宝中毛笔的改良故事命题，既考查学生的阅读理解信息定位能力，又渗透了中华优秀传统文化，所有题目考点清晰，大部分答案都可以直接在原文找到对应依据，适合巩固基础阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.8