一、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Among all these insects, the ant is the
2. In the wild, can a tiger see pandas as
3. All living things on the earth depend on the sun for their
4. Keep your eyes
5. We should take care of animals and give them better
1. Among all these insects, the ant is the
tiniest
(tiny) one.2. In the wild, can a tiger see pandas as
easily
(easy) as we can?3. All living things on the earth depend on the sun for their
growth
(grow).4. Keep your eyes
closed
(close) when you are doing eye exercises.5. We should take care of animals and give them better
protection
(protect).答案:1. tiniest 2. easily 3. growth 4. closed 5. protection
解析:
【分析】
本题考查英语词汇的适当形式填空,需结合句子结构、固定搭配及语境判断词汇的正确形式:1. 句中“Among all these insects”表三者及以上范围,需用形容词最高级;2. “as...as”结构中修饰动词需用副词原级;3. 形容词性物主代词后需接名词;4. “keep +宾语+形容词”为固定结构表状态;5. 形容词比较级后需接名词。
【解析】
1. 由“Among all these insects”(在所有这些昆虫中)可知范围为三者及以上,形容词tiny需用最高级,其最高级为tiniest,故填tiniest。
2. “as...as”结构中用原级,此处修饰动词see,需用副词,形容词easy的副词形式为easily,故填easily。
3. 形容词性物主代词their后需接名词,动词grow的名词形式为growth,意为“生长”,故填growth。
4. “keep +宾语+形容词”是固定搭配,表“使某物保持某种状态”,动词close的形容词形式为closed,意为“关闭的”,故填closed。
5. 形容词比较级better后需接名词,动词protect的名词形式为protection,意为“保护”,故填protection。
【答案】
1. tiniest 2. easily 3. growth 4. closed 5. protection
【知识点】
形容词最高级、副词用法、词性转换
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础题型,考查形容词的级、词性转换及固定搭配等核心知识点,侧重基础词汇的灵活运用,难度适中,适合巩固英语词汇变形的基础规则。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题考查英语词汇的适当形式填空,需结合句子结构、固定搭配及语境判断词汇的正确形式:1. 句中“Among all these insects”表三者及以上范围,需用形容词最高级;2. “as...as”结构中修饰动词需用副词原级;3. 形容词性物主代词后需接名词;4. “keep +宾语+形容词”为固定结构表状态;5. 形容词比较级后需接名词。
【解析】
1. 由“Among all these insects”(在所有这些昆虫中)可知范围为三者及以上,形容词tiny需用最高级,其最高级为tiniest,故填tiniest。
2. “as...as”结构中用原级,此处修饰动词see,需用副词,形容词easy的副词形式为easily,故填easily。
3. 形容词性物主代词their后需接名词,动词grow的名词形式为growth,意为“生长”,故填growth。
4. “keep +宾语+形容词”是固定搭配,表“使某物保持某种状态”,动词close的形容词形式为closed,意为“关闭的”,故填closed。
5. 形容词比较级better后需接名词,动词protect的名词形式为protection,意为“保护”,故填protection。
【答案】
1. tiniest 2. easily 3. growth 4. closed 5. protection
【知识点】
形容词最高级、副词用法、词性转换
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础题型,考查形容词的级、词性转换及固定搭配等核心知识点,侧重基础词汇的灵活运用,难度适中,适合巩固英语词汇变形的基础规则。
【难度系数】
0.7
二、单项选择。
1. [2025 南通市如皋市期中]Happiness
A.smoothly
B.terribly
C.mainly
D.correctly
1. [2025 南通市如皋市期中]Happiness
C
comes from small things in life—like a warm meal, a bright smile, or even the morning sunshine falling on your desk.A.smoothly
B.terribly
C.mainly
D.correctly
答案:1. C
解析:
【分析】做这类词义辨析题,首先需理解句子整体含义,再分析各选项副词的含义,结合语境选出最恰当的选项。本句表达幸福大多来自生活中的小事,需找表示“主要地”的副词。
【解析】先翻译句意:幸福主要来自生活中的小事——比如一顿热饭、一个灿烂的微笑,甚至是落在你桌上的晨光。再分析选项:A. smoothly(平稳地);B. terribly(可怕地);C. mainly(主要地);D. correctly(正确地)。结合语境,只有C项符合句意,因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】副词辨析;词汇运用
【点评】本题考查副词词义辨析,属于基础词汇题,只要掌握各副词含义并理解句子语境就能轻松选出答案,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】先翻译句意:幸福主要来自生活中的小事——比如一顿热饭、一个灿烂的微笑,甚至是落在你桌上的晨光。再分析选项:A. smoothly(平稳地);B. terribly(可怕地);C. mainly(主要地);D. correctly(正确地)。结合语境,只有C项符合句意,因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】副词辨析;词汇运用
【点评】本题考查副词词义辨析,属于基础词汇题,只要掌握各副词含义并理解句子语境就能轻松选出答案,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
2.
A.At the beginning
B.On the beginning
C.By the beginning
D.In the beginning
D
, she found it hard to learn English well. But now she is good at English and often gets good grades in the tests.A.At the beginning
B.On the beginning
C.By the beginning
D.In the beginning
答案:2. D
解析:
【分析】首先通读句子把握语境:后半句有转折词“but now”,说明前半句描述的是过去的初始阶段,需选表“起初”的短语。接下来辨析各选项的短语用法:A选项“At the beginning”需后接介词“of”才能接宾语,单独使用不符合句子结构;B选项“On the beginning”是错误搭配,无此用法;C选项“By the beginning”后接“of”,且多与完成时态连用,语义不符;D选项“In the beginning”是固定短语,可单独作状语表“起初”,符合语境,据此解题。
【解析】逐一分析选项:
1. 选项A:“At the beginning”为不完整短语,需搭配“of”构成“At the beginning of...”,不能单独作状语,不符合本题结构,排除;
2. 选项B:“On the beginning”是错误的介词搭配,英语中不存在该固定表达,排除;
3. 选项C:“By the beginning”后需接“of”,意为“到……开始时”,通常与完成时态连用,不符合本题描述过去初始状态的语境,排除;
4. 选项D:“In the beginning”是固定副词短语,意为“起初,一开始”,可单独在句中作状语,契合本题“与现在对比,说明过去初始情况”的语境,因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】固定介词短语辨析;英语词汇搭配
【点评】本题考查初中英语核心固定短语的用法,需准确区分表“开始”的各短语搭配规则与语义差异,结合语境排除错误选项,属于基础题型,侧重对基础词汇的掌握。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】逐一分析选项:
1. 选项A:“At the beginning”为不完整短语,需搭配“of”构成“At the beginning of...”,不能单独作状语,不符合本题结构,排除;
2. 选项B:“On the beginning”是错误的介词搭配,英语中不存在该固定表达,排除;
3. 选项C:“By the beginning”后需接“of”,意为“到……开始时”,通常与完成时态连用,不符合本题描述过去初始状态的语境,排除;
4. 选项D:“In the beginning”是固定副词短语,意为“起初,一开始”,可单独在句中作状语,契合本题“与现在对比,说明过去初始情况”的语境,因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】固定介词短语辨析;英语词汇搭配
【点评】本题考查初中英语核心固定短语的用法,需准确区分表“开始”的各短语搭配规则与语义差异,结合语境排除错误选项,属于基础题型,侧重对基础词汇的掌握。
【难度系数】0.5
3. [2025 南通市海门区中南中学期中]Henry keeps exercising every morning.
A.In fact
B.As a result
C.However
D.Moreover
B
, he looks healthier and healthier.A.In fact
B.As a result
C.However
D.Moreover
答案:3. B
解析:
【分析】首先明确句子前后的逻辑关系:前半句“Henry keeps exercising every morning”(亨利每天坚持晨练)是原因,后半句“he looks healthier and healthier”(他看起来越来越健康)是结果,需选择表因果关系的短语。接下来逐一分析选项:A选项“In fact”意为“事实上”,用于补充说明事实,不表因果;B选项“As a result”意为“结果”,专门引出因果关系中的结果;C选项“However”意为“然而”,表转折;D选项“Moreover”意为“而且”,表递进。根据逻辑关系可确定答案。
【解析】句子前半部分是原因,后半部分是结果,需选表因果的短语。A项In fact不符合因果逻辑;B项As a result符合因果关系,正确;C项However表转折,排除;D项Moreover表递进,排除。因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】介词短语辨析,句子逻辑关系
【点评】本题考查常用介词短语的词义辨析,核心是判断句子间的因果逻辑,属于英语基础知识点考查,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】句子前半部分是原因,后半部分是结果,需选表因果的短语。A项In fact不符合因果逻辑;B项As a result符合因果关系,正确;C项However表转折,排除;D项Moreover表递进,排除。因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】介词短语辨析,句子逻辑关系
【点评】本题考查常用介词短语的词义辨析,核心是判断句子间的因果逻辑,属于英语基础知识点考查,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.7
4. of African elephants is getting because their living areas are taken up.
A.The number; fewer and fewer
B.A number; fewer and fewer
C.The number; smaller and smaller
D.A number; smaller and smaller
A.The number; fewer and fewer
B.A number; fewer and fewer
C.The number; smaller and smaller
D.A number; smaller and smaller
答案:4. C
解析:
【分析】首先需明确两个核心短语的用法差异:“the number of + 可数名词复数”表示“……的数量”,强调整体数量,修饰数量的大小需用small/large;“a number of + 可数名词复数”表示“许多、大量”,相当于many。再结合语境判断修饰数量的形容词:描述数量多少时,用small/big,而非fewer(fewer修饰可数名词复数)。
【解析】1. 第一空:句意为“非洲象的______正在变得……”,需表达“数量”,故用The number,排除B、D选项(B、D用A number,表“许多”不符合语境)。2. 第二空:修饰“数量(number)”的大小,需用smaller and smaller(越来越小,即数量越来越少),fewer and fewer仅修饰可数名词复数,排除A选项。综上选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】the number of与a number of的用法;形容词修饰数量的用法
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础短语辨析及形容词修饰规则,需准确区分两个短语的含义,以及修饰数量的形容词选择,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 第一空:句意为“非洲象的______正在变得……”,需表达“数量”,故用The number,排除B、D选项(B、D用A number,表“许多”不符合语境)。2. 第二空:修饰“数量(number)”的大小,需用smaller and smaller(越来越小,即数量越来越少),fewer and fewer仅修饰可数名词复数,排除A选项。综上选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】the number of与a number of的用法;形容词修饰数量的用法
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础短语辨析及形容词修饰规则,需准确区分两个短语的含义,以及修饰数量的形容词选择,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
三、句子翻译。
1. 在中国南方,人们主要以大米为食。
2. 没有什么比帮助他人更令人满足的了。
3. 许多动物面临着没有地方居住的严重问题。
4. 即使我的钱不多,我仍然会尽力每周存一点。
5. 由于他们的辛勤工作,这条河变得越来越清澈。
1. 在中国南方,人们主要以大米为食。
People live mainly on rice in South China.
2. 没有什么比帮助他人更令人满足的了。
There is nothing more satisfying than helping others.
3. 许多动物面临着没有地方居住的严重问题。
Many animals are facing the serious problem of having no place to live.
4. 即使我的钱不多,我仍然会尽力每周存一点。
Even if I don't have much money, I will still try to save a little every week.
5. 由于他们的辛勤工作,这条河变得越来越清澈。
Thanks to their hard work, the river is getting clearer and clearer.
答案:1. People live mainly on rice in South China.
2. There is nothing more satisfying than helping others.
3. Many animals are facing the serious problem of having no place to live.
4. Even if I don't have much money, I will still try to save a little every week.
5. Thanks to their hard work, the river is getting clearer and clearer.
2. There is nothing more satisfying than helping others.
3. Many animals are facing the serious problem of having no place to live.
4. Even if I don't have much money, I will still try to save a little every week.
5. Thanks to their hard work, the river is getting clearer and clearer.
解析:
【分析】
翻译此类句子时,需先拆解中文句子的核心成分(主语、谓语、宾语、状语等),再匹配对应的英文表达,注意固定搭配、句型结构和语序调整(英文常将地点、方式状语后置)。具体思路:1. 确定主语和核心动作,如“以大米为食”对应live on;2. 处理比较级、让步等特殊句型,如“没有什么比...更...”用nothing more...than...;3. 注意介词短语、不定式等修饰成分的用法,如“没有地方居住”用to live作定语;4. 掌握“由于”“越来越...”等固定表达,如thanks to、get+比较级and比较级。
【解析】
1. 中文核心:人们(主语)、主要以大米为食(谓语+宾语)、在中国南方(地点状语)。匹配英文:主语People,“主要”用副词mainly修饰动词短语live on,“以大米为食”是live on rice,地点状语in South China后置,组合得People live mainly on rice in South China.
2. 中文核心:没有什么(主语)、更令人满足(表语)、帮助他人(比较对象)。用There be句型,“更令人满足”是more satisfying,比较结构用than连接,得There is nothing more satisfying than helping others.
3. 中文核心:许多动物(主语)、面临(谓语)、严重问题(宾语)、没有地方居住(定语修饰问题)。“面临”用现在进行时are facing,“问题”后接of引导的短语,“没有地方居住”用having no place to live,得Many animals are facing the serious problem of having no place to live.
4. 中文核心:即使(让步状语)、我的钱不多(从句)、我会尽力每周存一点(主句)。“即使”用Even if引导从句,“尽力做”是try to do,“每周”every week作状语,得Even if I don't have much money, I will still try to save a little every week.
5. 中文核心:由于(原因状语)、他们的辛勤工作(原因)、这条河(主语)、变得越来越清澈(谓语)。“由于”用Thanks to,“越来越...”是get clearer and clearer,得Thanks to their hard work, the river is getting clearer and clearer.
【答案】
1. People live mainly on rice in South China.
2. There is nothing more satisfying than helping others.
3. Many animals are facing the serious problem of having no place to live.
4. Even if I don't have much money, I will still try to save a little every week.
5. Thanks to their hard work, the river is getting clearer and clearer.
【知识点】
汉译英、常用句型、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为基础汉译英练习,考察核心词汇、常用句型及固定表达的运用,难度适中,适合巩固英语基础翻译能力,学生需注意语序和短语搭配的正确性。
【难度系数】
0.6
翻译此类句子时,需先拆解中文句子的核心成分(主语、谓语、宾语、状语等),再匹配对应的英文表达,注意固定搭配、句型结构和语序调整(英文常将地点、方式状语后置)。具体思路:1. 确定主语和核心动作,如“以大米为食”对应live on;2. 处理比较级、让步等特殊句型,如“没有什么比...更...”用nothing more...than...;3. 注意介词短语、不定式等修饰成分的用法,如“没有地方居住”用to live作定语;4. 掌握“由于”“越来越...”等固定表达,如thanks to、get+比较级and比较级。
【解析】
1. 中文核心:人们(主语)、主要以大米为食(谓语+宾语)、在中国南方(地点状语)。匹配英文:主语People,“主要”用副词mainly修饰动词短语live on,“以大米为食”是live on rice,地点状语in South China后置,组合得People live mainly on rice in South China.
2. 中文核心:没有什么(主语)、更令人满足(表语)、帮助他人(比较对象)。用There be句型,“更令人满足”是more satisfying,比较结构用than连接,得There is nothing more satisfying than helping others.
3. 中文核心:许多动物(主语)、面临(谓语)、严重问题(宾语)、没有地方居住(定语修饰问题)。“面临”用现在进行时are facing,“问题”后接of引导的短语,“没有地方居住”用having no place to live,得Many animals are facing the serious problem of having no place to live.
4. 中文核心:即使(让步状语)、我的钱不多(从句)、我会尽力每周存一点(主句)。“即使”用Even if引导从句,“尽力做”是try to do,“每周”every week作状语,得Even if I don't have much money, I will still try to save a little every week.
5. 中文核心:由于(原因状语)、他们的辛勤工作(原因)、这条河(主语)、变得越来越清澈(谓语)。“由于”用Thanks to,“越来越...”是get clearer and clearer,得Thanks to their hard work, the river is getting clearer and clearer.
【答案】
1. People live mainly on rice in South China.
2. There is nothing more satisfying than helping others.
3. Many animals are facing the serious problem of having no place to live.
4. Even if I don't have much money, I will still try to save a little every week.
5. Thanks to their hard work, the river is getting clearer and clearer.
【知识点】
汉译英、常用句型、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为基础汉译英练习,考察核心词汇、常用句型及固定表达的运用,难度适中,适合巩固英语基础翻译能力,学生需注意语序和短语搭配的正确性。
【难度系数】
0.6
四、短文填空。
主题群:灾害防范
子主题:自我保护
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★★
Bears are considered as one of the most dangerous large predators(捕食性动物). It's reported that a woman in Yunnan was attacked(袭击) by an Asiatic black bear in the mountains when she was 1. s
3. H
An attack can also 4. h
Moreover, people may find that bears and humans are more likely to meet in recent years.
Bears look for 6. f
So, what should you do when there's a bear right in front of you? Play dead? It may 7. w
主题群:灾害防范
子主题:自我保护
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★★
Bears are considered as one of the most dangerous large predators(捕食性动物). It's reported that a woman in Yunnan was attacked(袭击) by an Asiatic black bear in the mountains when she was 1. s
searching
for bamboo shoots. According to a report, between 1950 and 2019, 765 people died because of Asiatic black bears. As a 2. rresult
, humans are afraid of them a lot.3. H
However
, bears, including the most dangerous black bears, do not often attack people. Most attacks by bears are defensive reactions(防御反应) to a person who is too close.An attack can also 4. h
happen
when people scare baby bears from a short distance(距离). When black bears are taking care of their 5. bbabies
, mother bears can get ready to attack anytime.Moreover, people may find that bears and humans are more likely to meet in recent years.
Bears look for 6. f
food
near villages, and this makes more meetings with humans which may bring harm or death.So, what should you do when there's a bear right in front of you? Play dead? It may 7. w
work
, for the bear may not think you are dangerous. But there are better ways. If you see a bear 8. bbefore
it notices you, don't get closer or keep watching it. Just walk away 9. qquietly/quickly
in the other direction. If a bear sees you first, don't run—it might chase you. 10. IInstead
, move back slowly in the opposite direction and wait for the bear to go away.答案:1. searching
2. result
3. However
4. happen
5. babies
6. food
7. work
8. before
9. quietly/quickly
10. Instead
2. result
3. However
4. happen
5. babies
6. food
7. work
8. before
9. quietly/quickly
10. Instead
解析:
【分析】
本题为灾害防范主题的短文填空,解题时需先通读全文把握主旨,再结合上下文语境、固定搭配、语法规则逐一分析空格:1. 结合过去进行时结构和“寻找竹笋”的语境确定动词形式;2. 依据固定短语搭配判断;3. 根据前后文转折关系选副词;4. 结合情态动词用法确定动词原形;5. 对应母熊照顾幼崽的语境用名词复数;6. 依据熊的习性和村庄附近的场景选名词;7. 结合“装死是否有效”的语境选动词;8. 根据应对熊的时机选连词;9. 修饰动词短语选合适副词;10. 根据相反应对方式选副词。
【解析】
1. 考查动词现在分词:根据语境“当她在山里寻找竹笋时”,固定搭配search for表示“寻找”,此处为过去进行时(was + 现在分词),故填searching;
2. 考查固定短语:as a result是固定搭配,意为“结果”,符合上下文逻辑,故填result;
3. 考查副词:前文提到人类因熊袭击死亡而害怕,后文转折说明熊不常攻击人,句首需用表转折的副词However,故填However;
4. 考查动词原形:结合语境“当人们近距离惊吓幼熊时,攻击也会发生”,情态动词can后接动词原形,故填happen;
5. 考查名词复数:根据后文“mother bears(母熊)”可知,此处指母熊照顾幼崽,baby的复数形式为babies,故填babies;
6. 考查名词:结合语境“熊在村庄附近寻找食物”,food符合语义,故填food;
7. 考查动词原形:前文提出“装死?”的疑问,后文说明熊可能不认为你危险,所以装死可能有效,情态动词may后接动词原形work,故填work;
8. 考查连词:根据后文“别靠近或盯着它”可知,此处指在熊注意到你之前,故填before;
9. 考查副词:修饰动词短语walk away,结合语境“安静/快速走开”,quietly或quickly均符合,故填quietly/quickly;
10. 考查副词:前文说“别跑”,后文说“慢慢后退”,是相反的应对方式,Instead表示“相反”,符合语境,故填Instead。
【答案】
1. searching 2. result 3. However 4. happen 5. babies 6. food 7. work 8. before 9. quietly/quickly 10. Instead
【知识点】
短文填空、固定搭配、词汇运用
【点评】
本题围绕灾害防范之自我保护主题,考查学生对词汇、固定搭配及语境逻辑的理解与运用,是初中英语常见题型,需结合上下文和语法规则解题,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题为灾害防范主题的短文填空,解题时需先通读全文把握主旨,再结合上下文语境、固定搭配、语法规则逐一分析空格:1. 结合过去进行时结构和“寻找竹笋”的语境确定动词形式;2. 依据固定短语搭配判断;3. 根据前后文转折关系选副词;4. 结合情态动词用法确定动词原形;5. 对应母熊照顾幼崽的语境用名词复数;6. 依据熊的习性和村庄附近的场景选名词;7. 结合“装死是否有效”的语境选动词;8. 根据应对熊的时机选连词;9. 修饰动词短语选合适副词;10. 根据相反应对方式选副词。
【解析】
1. 考查动词现在分词:根据语境“当她在山里寻找竹笋时”,固定搭配search for表示“寻找”,此处为过去进行时(was + 现在分词),故填searching;
2. 考查固定短语:as a result是固定搭配,意为“结果”,符合上下文逻辑,故填result;
3. 考查副词:前文提到人类因熊袭击死亡而害怕,后文转折说明熊不常攻击人,句首需用表转折的副词However,故填However;
4. 考查动词原形:结合语境“当人们近距离惊吓幼熊时,攻击也会发生”,情态动词can后接动词原形,故填happen;
5. 考查名词复数:根据后文“mother bears(母熊)”可知,此处指母熊照顾幼崽,baby的复数形式为babies,故填babies;
6. 考查名词:结合语境“熊在村庄附近寻找食物”,food符合语义,故填food;
7. 考查动词原形:前文提出“装死?”的疑问,后文说明熊可能不认为你危险,所以装死可能有效,情态动词may后接动词原形work,故填work;
8. 考查连词:根据后文“别靠近或盯着它”可知,此处指在熊注意到你之前,故填before;
9. 考查副词:修饰动词短语walk away,结合语境“安静/快速走开”,quietly或quickly均符合,故填quietly/quickly;
10. 考查副词:前文说“别跑”,后文说“慢慢后退”,是相反的应对方式,Instead表示“相反”,符合语境,故填Instead。
【答案】
1. searching 2. result 3. However 4. happen 5. babies 6. food 7. work 8. before 9. quietly/quickly 10. Instead
【知识点】
短文填空、固定搭配、词汇运用
【点评】
本题围绕灾害防范之自我保护主题,考查学生对词汇、固定搭配及语境逻辑的理解与运用,是初中英语常见题型,需结合上下文和语法规则解题,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5