五、短文填空。
主题群:自然生态
子主题:气候特征
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★
[2026 南京市雨花台初级中学模拟]As the saying goes, "The whole year's work depends on a good 1. s
First, there is 3. p
Second, the weather is 6. p
Personally, I like spring because of the colour of green. Everything begins to turn green in this season—the grass, the trees and the hills. I often spend a 8. l ______ afternoon on the grass, enjoying the beauty of nature. Everything looks so 9. l ______ and full of energy.
How fascinating and 10. s
主题群:自然生态
子主题:气候特征
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★
[2026 南京市雨花台初级中学模拟]As the saying goes, "The whole year's work depends on a good 1. s
start
in spring." That's why many people like spring so much. Now let me tell you other 2. rreasons
why people love spring.First, there is 3. p
plenty
of rain in spring. Enough rain is necessary for the 4. ggrowth
of crops and plants. With enough rain, fish have a good living 5. eenvironment
. It's natural that farmers and fishermen love spring.Second, the weather is 6. p
pleasant
in spring. It is neither too cold nor too hot. The temperature is usually around 20 7. ddegrees
. We feel very comfortable in spring.Personally, I like spring because of the colour of green. Everything begins to turn green in this season—the grass, the trees and the hills. I often spend a 8. l ______ afternoon on the grass, enjoying the beauty of nature. Everything looks so 9. l ______ and full of energy.
How fascinating and 10. s
satisfying
spring is!答案：1. start 2. reasons 3. plenty 4. growth
5. environment 6. pleasant 7. degrees 8. lazy 9. lively
10. satisfying
5. environment 6. pleasant 7. degrees 8. lazy 9. lively
10. satisfying
解析：
【分析】
本题为说明文类短文填空，围绕“人们喜爱春天的原因”展开，需结合语境、固定搭配及词汇用法逐一分析：先通读全文把握主旨，再根据每个空前后的语法结构、语义逻辑，结合词汇积累确定答案。
1. 处对应谚语“一年之计在于春”，需填表示“开端”的名词；2. 处other后接可数名词复数，结合前文“many people like spring”，应填“原因”的复数形式；3. 处是固定搭配“plenty of”；4. 处需填表示“生长”的名词，对应作物和植物；5. 处是“生存环境”的固定表达；6. 处描述春天天气宜人；7. 处温度单位“度”的复数形式；8. 处修饰下午，结合语境填“慵懒的”；9. 处描述春天事物充满活力；10. 处与“fascinating”并列，形容春天令人满足。
【解析】
1. 谚语“一年之计在于春”，“good”后接名词，填start；
2. “other”后接可数名词复数，结合语境“其他原因”，填reasons；
3. 固定搭配“plenty of”表示“大量的”，修饰rain，填plenty；
4. “the”后接名词，对应作物和植物的生长，填growth；
5. “living environment”是固定搭配，意为“生存环境”，填environment；
6. 描述春天天气既不冷也不热，宜人的，填pleasant；
7. 温度20度，“degree”用复数形式，填degrees；
8. 修饰afternoon，结合语境填lazy；
9. 描述春天事物充满活力，填lively；
10. 与“fascinating”并列，形容春天令人满足，填satisfying。
【答案】
1. start 2. reasons 3. plenty 4. growth 5. environment 6. pleasant 7. degrees 8. lazy 9. lively 10. satisfying
【知识点】
短文填空、词汇运用、固定搭配
【点评】
本题围绕自然生态主题，考查学生对词汇、固定搭配及语境的理解，难度适中，需结合上下文逻辑和日常积累的短语解题。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为说明文类短文填空，围绕“人们喜爱春天的原因”展开，需结合语境、固定搭配及词汇用法逐一分析：先通读全文把握主旨，再根据每个空前后的语法结构、语义逻辑，结合词汇积累确定答案。
1. 处对应谚语“一年之计在于春”，需填表示“开端”的名词；2. 处other后接可数名词复数，结合前文“many people like spring”，应填“原因”的复数形式；3. 处是固定搭配“plenty of”；4. 处需填表示“生长”的名词，对应作物和植物；5. 处是“生存环境”的固定表达；6. 处描述春天天气宜人；7. 处温度单位“度”的复数形式；8. 处修饰下午，结合语境填“慵懒的”；9. 处描述春天事物充满活力；10. 处与“fascinating”并列，形容春天令人满足。
【解析】
1. 谚语“一年之计在于春”，“good”后接名词，填start；
2. “other”后接可数名词复数，结合语境“其他原因”，填reasons；
3. 固定搭配“plenty of”表示“大量的”，修饰rain，填plenty；
4. “the”后接名词，对应作物和植物的生长，填growth；
5. “living environment”是固定搭配，意为“生存环境”，填environment；
6. 描述春天天气既不冷也不热，宜人的，填pleasant；
7. 温度20度，“degree”用复数形式，填degrees；
8. 修饰afternoon，结合语境填lazy；
9. 描述春天事物充满活力，填lively；
10. 与“fascinating”并列，形容春天令人满足，填satisfying。
【答案】
1. start 2. reasons 3. plenty 4. growth 5. environment 6. pleasant 7. degrees 8. lazy 9. lively 10. satisfying
【知识点】
短文填空、词汇运用、固定搭配
【点评】
本题围绕自然生态主题，考查学生对词汇、固定搭配及语境的理解，难度适中，需结合上下文逻辑和日常积累的短语解题。
【难度系数】
0.6
六、核心素养 中华优秀传统文化 阅读理解。
主题群:自然生态
子主题:天气与日常生活
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★
Major Snow is the 21st Solar Term of the year. It means the beginning of midwinter. During Major Snow, the temperature drops greatly.
The arrival of snow adds a delightful feeling to the cold days. The snow in northern China may last a whole day, breaking tree branches and blocking the road. The natural scenery is "ice blockading for hundreds of miles and snow flying through thousands of miles". However, snow doesn't happen a lot in the south.
There's a Chinese saying: "A fall of snow gives the promise of a fruitful year." Most farmers welcome snow because snow can protect crops and keep the fields warm. Even if it melts, it can also provide enough water for the crops in spring.
The snow season is also good for skiing and skating. In northern China, there are many places for natural snow and ice. For example, Heilongjiang and Jilin often have big snow in November. People can also go to the frozen lakes to play ice sports. But people in the south will stay indoors to enjoy the winter activities. People in Chongqing like to have stewed lamb soup with their families and friends. People in Nanjing like to stew the lamb with yams or wolfberries to make it more delicious.
1.（创新考法·行文方式）How does the writer describe the beauty of snow?
A. By giving examples.
B. By introducing activities.
C. By showing pictures.
D. By using a poem.
2. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. A fall of snow can lead to a fruitful year.
B. A fall of snow can be dangerous to a fruitful year.
C. A fall of snow can help farmers harvest much fruit.
D. A fall of snow can prevent farmers from having a good harvest.
3. What can we know about Major Snow from the passage?
A. During Major Snow, the temperature falls greatly.
B. Major Snow is the most beautiful among all the Solar Terms.
C. People in the north like to stay indoors to enjoy the winter activities.
D. All the farmers like snow just because it can offer enough water to the crops.
主题群:自然生态
子主题:天气与日常生活
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★
Major Snow is the 21st Solar Term of the year. It means the beginning of midwinter. During Major Snow, the temperature drops greatly.
The arrival of snow adds a delightful feeling to the cold days. The snow in northern China may last a whole day, breaking tree branches and blocking the road. The natural scenery is "ice blockading for hundreds of miles and snow flying through thousands of miles". However, snow doesn't happen a lot in the south.
There's a Chinese saying: "A fall of snow gives the promise of a fruitful year." Most farmers welcome snow because snow can protect crops and keep the fields warm. Even if it melts, it can also provide enough water for the crops in spring.
The snow season is also good for skiing and skating. In northern China, there are many places for natural snow and ice. For example, Heilongjiang and Jilin often have big snow in November. People can also go to the frozen lakes to play ice sports. But people in the south will stay indoors to enjoy the winter activities. People in Chongqing like to have stewed lamb soup with their families and friends. People in Nanjing like to stew the lamb with yams or wolfberries to make it more delicious.
1.（创新考法·行文方式）How does the writer describe the beauty of snow?
A. By giving examples.
B. By introducing activities.
C. By showing pictures.
D. By using a poem.
2. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. A fall of snow can lead to a fruitful year.
B. A fall of snow can be dangerous to a fruitful year.
C. A fall of snow can help farmers harvest much fruit.
D. A fall of snow can prevent farmers from having a good harvest.
3. What can we know about Major Snow from the passage?
A. During Major Snow, the temperature falls greatly.
B. Major Snow is the most beautiful among all the Solar Terms.
C. People in the north like to stay indoors to enjoy the winter activities.
D. All the farmers like snow just because it can offer enough water to the crops.
答案：[语篇解读] 本文介绍中国二十四节气中的大雪节气，包括大雪节气的气候特点、自然景观、对农作物的影响以及人们在雪季中的活动。
1. D
2. A 句意理解题。根据第三段可知，雪可以保护庄稼免受冷锋的侵袭，使田地保持温暖。即使它融化了，它也可以在春天为作物提供足够的水。所以此处是指一场雪能带来丰饶的一年。
3. A
1. D
2. A 句意理解题。根据第三段可知，雪可以保护庄稼免受冷锋的侵袭，使田地保持温暖。即使它融化了，它也可以在春天为作物提供足够的水。所以此处是指一场雪能带来丰饶的一年。
3. A
解析：
【分析】
首先通读全文，明确文章围绕中国二十四节气中的大雪节气展开，涵盖气候特点、自然景观、对农作物的影响及冬季活动等内容。针对各题目：
1. 第1题考查行文方式，需定位描述雪之美的语句，找到第二段引用的诗句，判断作者描述雪之美的方式；
2. 第2题考查句意理解，需结合划线句所在段落的上下文，理解其含义；
3. 第3题考查细节理解，需逐一核对选项与原文信息，排除错误选项，选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位原文第二段描述雪之美的语句，其中“ice blockading for hundreds of miles and snow flying through thousands of miles”是引用的诗句，作者借此展现雪的美，对应选项D。
2. 第2题：划线句“A fall of snow gives the promise of a fruitful year”意为“一场雪预示着丰收之年”，结合第三段后文雪能保护庄稼、春季供水的益处，可知其含义对应A选项。
3. 第3题：A项：原文第一段明确“During Major Snow, the temperature drops greatly”，表述正确；B项“最美丽”无原文依据；C项：原文第四段提到南方人待室内，北方有冰雪活动，错误；D项：原文是“most farmers”而非“all farmers”，且雪的益处不止提供春季供水，错误，故选A。
【答案】
1. D 2. A 3. A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、句意理解题
【点评】
本文是结合中华优秀传统文化（二十四节气）的说明文，考查阅读理解核心题型，难度适中，既检验学生语篇理解能力，又渗透传统文化知识，符合核心素养要求。
【难度系数】
0.7
首先通读全文，明确文章围绕中国二十四节气中的大雪节气展开，涵盖气候特点、自然景观、对农作物的影响及冬季活动等内容。针对各题目：
1. 第1题考查行文方式，需定位描述雪之美的语句，找到第二段引用的诗句，判断作者描述雪之美的方式；
2. 第2题考查句意理解，需结合划线句所在段落的上下文，理解其含义；
3. 第3题考查细节理解，需逐一核对选项与原文信息，排除错误选项，选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位原文第二段描述雪之美的语句，其中“ice blockading for hundreds of miles and snow flying through thousands of miles”是引用的诗句，作者借此展现雪的美，对应选项D。
2. 第2题：划线句“A fall of snow gives the promise of a fruitful year”意为“一场雪预示着丰收之年”，结合第三段后文雪能保护庄稼、春季供水的益处，可知其含义对应A选项。
3. 第3题：A项：原文第一段明确“During Major Snow, the temperature drops greatly”，表述正确；B项“最美丽”无原文依据；C项：原文第四段提到南方人待室内，北方有冰雪活动，错误；D项：原文是“most farmers”而非“all farmers”，且雪的益处不止提供春季供水，错误，故选A。
【答案】
1. D 2. A 3. A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、句意理解题
【点评】
本文是结合中华优秀传统文化（二十四节气）的说明文，考查阅读理解核心题型，难度适中，既检验学生语篇理解能力，又渗透传统文化知识，符合核心素养要求。
【难度系数】
0.7