C 核心素养 中华优秀传统文化
In summer, people use their fans to cool off. But the Chinese fan is not just a tool for cooling down. It's an important part of Chinese culture.
The history of the Chinese fans dates back to over 3,000 years ago. One of the earliest known "fans" was named shanhan(扇汗). They weren't like the fans we see today. People used them to hide from the sun and protect themselves from the rain on a horse-drawn carriage(马车). The shanhan then changed into a long-handled fan called the zhangshan(障扇). This type of fan was made of silk or bird feathers and was mainly used by the king's honour guard(仪仗队) for decoration. It wasn't until the Zhou Dynasty that people started using folding fans to cool down.
In the Han Dynasty, more common people started using fans because cheaper bamboo fans had been made. These fans stayed popular until the Tang and Song Dynasties. At the same time, a new type of silk fan was also brought in. Young women loved the silk fans because they were round to resemble the moon. They were also called "round fans" or "tuanshan".
The ribs(扇骨) of these silk round fans were made from bamboo or animal bones. The handles of fans usually had different designs. The main part of the fan often had calligraphy(书法) and scenes, like mountains or flowers. Folding fans mainly had panels(扇面) and ribs. For the ribs, people used different kinds of materials, including wood, bones and bamboo. The panels of the folding fan were usually made of paper, silk or other materials. They left an empty space for artists to paint on. Their calligraphy work and painted scenes added colours to the fans.
From the Song Dynasty, fan painting became a special kind of art. Fans with pictures of birds and flowers were popular among young women. Men, however, liked fans decorated with calligraphy. Mythical(神话的) creatures were also popular. Dragons were often painted onto men's fans while ladies usually preferred phoenixes(凤凰).
( )33. When did people begin using fans to cool off?
A. In the Zhou Dynasty.
B. In the Han Dynasty.
C. In the Tang Dynasty.
D. In the Song Dynasty.
(
A. Because more people learned to make fans.
B. Because cheaper bamboo fans were made.
C. Because a new type of silk fan was brought in.
D. Because people wanted to cool down in summer.
(
A. Cut out.
B. Look like.
C. Turn into.
D. Make up.
(
In summer, people use their fans to cool off. But the Chinese fan is not just a tool for cooling down. It's an important part of Chinese culture.
The history of the Chinese fans dates back to over 3,000 years ago. One of the earliest known "fans" was named shanhan(扇汗). They weren't like the fans we see today. People used them to hide from the sun and protect themselves from the rain on a horse-drawn carriage(马车). The shanhan then changed into a long-handled fan called the zhangshan(障扇). This type of fan was made of silk or bird feathers and was mainly used by the king's honour guard(仪仗队) for decoration. It wasn't until the Zhou Dynasty that people started using folding fans to cool down.
In the Han Dynasty, more common people started using fans because cheaper bamboo fans had been made. These fans stayed popular until the Tang and Song Dynasties. At the same time, a new type of silk fan was also brought in. Young women loved the silk fans because they were round to resemble the moon. They were also called "round fans" or "tuanshan".
The ribs(扇骨) of these silk round fans were made from bamboo or animal bones. The handles of fans usually had different designs. The main part of the fan often had calligraphy(书法) and scenes, like mountains or flowers. Folding fans mainly had panels(扇面) and ribs. For the ribs, people used different kinds of materials, including wood, bones and bamboo. The panels of the folding fan were usually made of paper, silk or other materials. They left an empty space for artists to paint on. Their calligraphy work and painted scenes added colours to the fans.
From the Song Dynasty, fan painting became a special kind of art. Fans with pictures of birds and flowers were popular among young women. Men, however, liked fans decorated with calligraphy. Mythical(神话的) creatures were also popular. Dragons were often painted onto men's fans while ladies usually preferred phoenixes(凤凰).
( )33. When did people begin using fans to cool off?
A. In the Zhou Dynasty.
B. In the Han Dynasty.
C. In the Tang Dynasty.
D. In the Song Dynasty.
(
B
)34. Why did fans become popular among common people?A. Because more people learned to make fans.
B. Because cheaper bamboo fans were made.
C. Because a new type of silk fan was brought in.
D. Because people wanted to cool down in summer.
(
B
)35. What is the underlined word "resemble" in the third paragraph similar(相似的) to?A. Cut out.
B. Look like.
C. Turn into.
D. Make up.
(
C
)36.(创新考法·篇章结构)Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?答案：C[语篇解读]本文主要介绍了中国扇子的发展历史、种类以及其文化重要性。
33. A 34. B
35. B 词义猜测题。根据“Young women loved the silk fans because they were round to resemble the moon. They were also called ‘round fans’ or ‘tuanshan’.”可知，此处指扇子圆得像月亮，故推出resemble意为“类似，看起来像”，与选项B意思相近。
36. C 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段是总起，介绍了扇子的文化意义；第二、三段介绍了扇子的历史演变；第四、五段介绍了扇子的构成和扇面绘画艺术。
33. A 34. B
35. B 词义猜测题。根据“Young women loved the silk fans because they were round to resemble the moon. They were also called ‘round fans’ or ‘tuanshan’.”可知，此处指扇子圆得像月亮，故推出resemble意为“类似，看起来像”，与选项B意思相近。
36. C 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段是总起，介绍了扇子的文化意义；第二、三段介绍了扇子的历史演变；第四、五段介绍了扇子的构成和扇面绘画艺术。
解析：
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解、词义猜测、篇章结构三类题型。解题思路如下：
1. 33题（细节理解题）：根据题干关键词“using fans to cool off”定位原文对应段落，查找相关信息确定朝代；
2. 34题（细节理解题）：根据题干关键词“fans become popular among common people”定位原文对应句子，找到原因；
3. 35题（词义猜测题）：结合上下文语境，根据“round”和“called ‘round fans’”推测划线词含义；
4. 36题（篇章结构题）：通读全文，划分段落层次，分析各部分主要内容，确定文章结构。
【解析】
33题：根据原文第二段最后一句“It wasn't until the Zhou Dynasty that people started using folding fans to cool down.”可知，人们在周朝开始使用扇子降温，故选A。
34题：根据原文第三段第一句“In the Han Dynasty, more common people started using fans because cheaper bamboo fans had been made.”可知，更便宜的竹扇被制作出来，因此扇子在普通人中流行，故选B。
35题：根据第三段“they were round to resemble the moon. They were also called ‘round fans’”可知，扇子是圆形的，像月亮，故“resemble”意为“看起来像”，对应选项B。
36题：通读全文，第一段总起介绍中国扇子的文化意义；第二、三段介绍扇子的历史演变；第四、五段介绍扇子的构成及扇面绘画艺术，符合选项C的结构，故选C。
【答案】
33.A 34.B 35.B 36.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、词义猜测题
【点评】
本文以中国扇子这一中华优秀传统文化为载体，考查学生的英语阅读综合能力，涵盖细节查找、词义推测、篇章结构分析等核心技能，既帮助学生了解传统文化，又提升英语阅读水平，题型贴合初中英语阅读常见考法。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解、词义猜测、篇章结构三类题型。解题思路如下：
1. 33题（细节理解题）：根据题干关键词“using fans to cool off”定位原文对应段落，查找相关信息确定朝代；
2. 34题（细节理解题）：根据题干关键词“fans become popular among common people”定位原文对应句子，找到原因；
3. 35题（词义猜测题）：结合上下文语境，根据“round”和“called ‘round fans’”推测划线词含义；
4. 36题（篇章结构题）：通读全文，划分段落层次，分析各部分主要内容，确定文章结构。
【解析】
33题：根据原文第二段最后一句“It wasn't until the Zhou Dynasty that people started using folding fans to cool down.”可知，人们在周朝开始使用扇子降温，故选A。
34题：根据原文第三段第一句“In the Han Dynasty, more common people started using fans because cheaper bamboo fans had been made.”可知，更便宜的竹扇被制作出来，因此扇子在普通人中流行，故选B。
35题：根据第三段“they were round to resemble the moon. They were also called ‘round fans’”可知，扇子是圆形的，像月亮，故“resemble”意为“看起来像”，对应选项B。
36题：通读全文，第一段总起介绍中国扇子的文化意义；第二、三段介绍扇子的历史演变；第四、五段介绍扇子的构成及扇面绘画艺术，符合选项C的结构，故选C。
【答案】
33.A 34.B 35.B 36.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、词义猜测题
【点评】
本文以中国扇子这一中华优秀传统文化为载体，考查学生的英语阅读综合能力，涵盖细节查找、词义推测、篇章结构分析等核心技能，既帮助学生了解传统文化，又提升英语阅读水平，题型贴合初中英语阅读常见考法。
【难度系数】
0.7