六、信息还原。
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项,使短文通顺连贯,其中有两项是多余选项。
Every year, millions of birds are killed or hurt when they fly into buildings. Why does this happen?
1 Birds are flying into windows and tall buildings that are all covered by glass.
Many birds fly from one place to another. Most of the time, they live in the wild such as forests and wetlands.
2 They might see small trees and flowers inside a window and want to rest on these plants. The birds do not know there is glass between them and the plants. 3
Some birds fly at night. They use the moon and stars to help guide them in the right direction. Tall buildings with lights on at night can confuse(使迷惑) the birds. 4 The birds see the light, but they cannot tell that the light is coming from inside a building. They fly towards the light and crash into the building. On many mornings, there might be several dead birds lying on the ground.
5 Many office buildings now turn off their lights at night. This helps reduce the number of birds that crash into buildings and it also helps save energy.
A. The answer is glass.
B. People are trying to solve the problem.
C. These birds have no idea what glass is.
D. As a result, they crash into the glass.
E. In this way, they can avoid crashing into glass.
F. This is a big problem, especially on foggy and rainy nights.
G. The answer is the light.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项,使短文通顺连贯,其中有两项是多余选项。
Every year, millions of birds are killed or hurt when they fly into buildings. Why does this happen?
1 Birds are flying into windows and tall buildings that are all covered by glass.
Many birds fly from one place to another. Most of the time, they live in the wild such as forests and wetlands.
2 They might see small trees and flowers inside a window and want to rest on these plants. The birds do not know there is glass between them and the plants. 3
Some birds fly at night. They use the moon and stars to help guide them in the right direction. Tall buildings with lights on at night can confuse(使迷惑) the birds. 4 The birds see the light, but they cannot tell that the light is coming from inside a building. They fly towards the light and crash into the building. On many mornings, there might be several dead birds lying on the ground.
5 Many office buildings now turn off their lights at night. This helps reduce the number of birds that crash into buildings and it also helps save energy.
A. The answer is glass.
B. People are trying to solve the problem.
C. These birds have no idea what glass is.
D. As a result, they crash into the glass.
E. In this way, they can avoid crashing into glass.
F. This is a big problem, especially on foggy and rainy nights.
G. The answer is the light.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
答案:1. A 2. C 3. D 4. F 5. B
解析:
【分析】
这是一篇七选五的信息还原题,解题思路如下:第一步先通读全文,明确文章核心主题是解释每年大量鸟类撞击建筑物伤亡的两类原因(玻璃的误导、夜间灯光的迷惑),最后介绍对应的解决措施。第二步逐空匹配上下文逻辑:
1. 第一空前是提出“为什么鸟类会撞建筑”的问句,后文马上引出覆盖玻璃的窗户和高楼,所以要选直接回应问题、引出玻璃这个核心原因的选项。
2. 第二空前说明鸟类长期生活在野外环境,后文描述它们会误把窗户里的装饰植物当成真的想要落脚,说明鸟类完全不了解玻璃是什么,衔接前后逻辑。
3. 第三空前说明鸟类不知道自己和看到的植物之间隔着玻璃,顺理成章要引出这个情况导致的结果,也就是撞上玻璃。
4. 第四空前提到夜间亮灯的高楼会迷惑夜行的鸟类,后文描述鸟类朝着光源飞最终撞楼,这里可以补充说明这类情况的高发场景,让逻辑更通顺。
5. 第五空后文提到办公楼夜间关灯的具体做法,说明这里总起说明人们正在想办法解决这个撞鸟的问题。最后排除两个多余干扰项:G选项把原因完全归为灯光,和第一空后文直接引出玻璃的语境矛盾;E选项“用这种方式避免撞玻璃”没有对应的前置方法铺垫,放在全文任何位置都不匹配,直接排除即可。
【解析】
1. 空前提到“Why does this happen?”的设问,空后点明鸟类撞击的是覆盖玻璃的建筑,A选项“答案是玻璃”直接回应设问,完美衔接上下文,故选A。
2. 空前说明鸟类长期栖息在森林、湿地等野外环境,空后描述鸟类会误将窗内的人造植物当成真实的自然植物想要停靠,C选项“这些鸟类完全不知道玻璃是什么”承接野外生存的背景,解释了鸟类误判的原因,故选C。
3. 空前说明鸟类意识不到自己和看到的植物之间隔着玻璃,D选项“结果就是它们撞上了玻璃”顺承前文的原因,引出对应的后果,逻辑连贯,故选D。
4. 空前说明夜间亮灯的高楼会迷惑依靠星月导航的夜行鸟类,F选项“这是个大问题,尤其是在雾天和雨夜”进一步说明灯光迷惑鸟类的场景特殊性,为后文鸟类撞楼的描述做铺垫,故选F。
5. 空后列举了办公楼夜间关灯的具体举措,B选项“人们正在尝试解决这个问题”总起引出后文的解决办法,符合段落逻辑,故选B。
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. F 5. B
【知识点】
阅读还原,语篇逻辑,上下文衔接
【点评】
本题属于典型的初中英语信息还原题型,考点围绕语篇的问答逻辑、因果逻辑展开,干扰项设置难度适中,学生解题时只需要抓住每处空格前后的核心线索,不要脱离语境强行匹配语义,就能顺利选出正确答案,同时也能了解到鸟类撞建筑的相关科普常识。
【难度系数】
0.65
这是一篇七选五的信息还原题,解题思路如下:第一步先通读全文,明确文章核心主题是解释每年大量鸟类撞击建筑物伤亡的两类原因(玻璃的误导、夜间灯光的迷惑),最后介绍对应的解决措施。第二步逐空匹配上下文逻辑:
1. 第一空前是提出“为什么鸟类会撞建筑”的问句,后文马上引出覆盖玻璃的窗户和高楼,所以要选直接回应问题、引出玻璃这个核心原因的选项。
2. 第二空前说明鸟类长期生活在野外环境,后文描述它们会误把窗户里的装饰植物当成真的想要落脚,说明鸟类完全不了解玻璃是什么,衔接前后逻辑。
3. 第三空前说明鸟类不知道自己和看到的植物之间隔着玻璃,顺理成章要引出这个情况导致的结果,也就是撞上玻璃。
4. 第四空前提到夜间亮灯的高楼会迷惑夜行的鸟类,后文描述鸟类朝着光源飞最终撞楼,这里可以补充说明这类情况的高发场景,让逻辑更通顺。
5. 第五空后文提到办公楼夜间关灯的具体做法,说明这里总起说明人们正在想办法解决这个撞鸟的问题。最后排除两个多余干扰项:G选项把原因完全归为灯光,和第一空后文直接引出玻璃的语境矛盾;E选项“用这种方式避免撞玻璃”没有对应的前置方法铺垫,放在全文任何位置都不匹配,直接排除即可。
【解析】
1. 空前提到“Why does this happen?”的设问,空后点明鸟类撞击的是覆盖玻璃的建筑,A选项“答案是玻璃”直接回应设问,完美衔接上下文,故选A。
2. 空前说明鸟类长期栖息在森林、湿地等野外环境,空后描述鸟类会误将窗内的人造植物当成真实的自然植物想要停靠,C选项“这些鸟类完全不知道玻璃是什么”承接野外生存的背景,解释了鸟类误判的原因,故选C。
3. 空前说明鸟类意识不到自己和看到的植物之间隔着玻璃,D选项“结果就是它们撞上了玻璃”顺承前文的原因,引出对应的后果,逻辑连贯,故选D。
4. 空前说明夜间亮灯的高楼会迷惑依靠星月导航的夜行鸟类,F选项“这是个大问题,尤其是在雾天和雨夜”进一步说明灯光迷惑鸟类的场景特殊性,为后文鸟类撞楼的描述做铺垫,故选F。
5. 空后列举了办公楼夜间关灯的具体举措,B选项“人们正在尝试解决这个问题”总起引出后文的解决办法,符合段落逻辑,故选B。
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. F 5. B
【知识点】
阅读还原,语篇逻辑,上下文衔接
【点评】
本题属于典型的初中英语信息还原题型,考点围绕语篇的问答逻辑、因果逻辑展开,干扰项设置难度适中,学生解题时只需要抓住每处空格前后的核心线索,不要脱离语境强行匹配语义,就能顺利选出正确答案,同时也能了解到鸟类撞建筑的相关科普常识。
【难度系数】
0.65