五、根据短文内容,在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词,或用括号内所给单词或短语的正确形式填空。
Everyone needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. We can share secrets with our friends and turn to them 1 help when we are in trouble. In a word, it is nice to have a friend to talk to and do things 2. Certainly, sometimes we need to be alone. We don't always want people to be around. But we 3 (feel) lonely if we don't have a friend.
To make friends, we must be 4 (friend). A cheerful person smiles. A smile always 5 (make) others like us. Smile at someone and we are sure to get 6 smile back from him or her.
Try to remember names. It makes our new friends feel happy 7 we call them by their names, because we don't forget them. No two people are just the same. When we 8 (not agree) with other people, we should still be friendly. Do not argue, but discuss the problem. We will lose friends if we argue too much. And we should think 9 (much) of others than ourselves. A friend is always ready 10 (help) when we are in trouble.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Everyone needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. We can share secrets with our friends and turn to them 1 help when we are in trouble. In a word, it is nice to have a friend to talk to and do things 2. Certainly, sometimes we need to be alone. We don't always want people to be around. But we 3 (feel) lonely if we don't have a friend.
To make friends, we must be 4 (friend). A cheerful person smiles. A smile always 5 (make) others like us. Smile at someone and we are sure to get 6 smile back from him or her.
Try to remember names. It makes our new friends feel happy 7 we call them by their names, because we don't forget them. No two people are just the same. When we 8 (not agree) with other people, we should still be friendly. Do not argue, but discuss the problem. We will lose friends if we argue too much. And we should think 9 (much) of others than ourselves. A friend is always ready 10 (help) when we are in trouble.
1.
for
2.
with
3.
will feel
4.
friendly
5.
makes
6.
a
7.
when
8.
don't agree
9.
more
10.
to help
答案:1. for 2. with 3. will feel 4. friendly 5. makes
6. a 7. when 8. don't agree 9. more 10. to help
6. a 7. when 8. don't agree 9. more 10. to help
解析:
【分析】
拿到这道短文语法填空题,首先先通读全文,明确文章主题是介绍朋友的重要性以及交友的相关注意事项,整体以一般现在时为核心时态。接下来逐个推导空格:
1. 先观察第一空前后的turn to them和help,回忆常用固定搭配就能直接对应求助的相关表达;
2. 第二空是不定式后置定语的逻辑搭配,前面结构是have a friend to talk to and do things,要补全“和朋友一起做事”的逻辑关系;
3. 第三空是if条件状语从句,按照“主将从现”的时态规则就能确定主句的动词形式;
4. 第四空在be动词之后,括号给出名词friend,需要转换为对应的形容词作表语;
5. 第五空主语是可数名词单数,符合一般现在时主谓一致的第三人称单数变形规则;
6. 第六空的smile此处作可数名词,泛指“一个微笑”,补全不定冠词即可;
7. 第七空前后是两个完整句子,后半句是前半句动作发生的时间,用时间状语从句引导词衔接;
8. 第八空是实义动词的一般现在时否定形式,主语是we,直接借助助动词don't变形即可;
9. 第九空后文出现than提示比较级,把much转换为对应的比较级形式;
10. 第十空对应固定搭配be ready to do sth,补全不定式结构即可。
【解析】
1. 考查固定搭配turn to sb for help,意为“向某人求助”,符合语境“遇到困难时向朋友求助”,故填for。
2. 考查介词用法,此处不定式作后置定语修饰friend,逻辑含义是“和朋友一起做事”,用介词with引出动作的伴随对象,故填with。
3. 考查动词时态,if引导条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”规则,从句为一般现在时,主句用一般将来时will+动词原形,故填will feel。
4. 考查词性转换,be动词后接形容词作表语,friend对应的形容词friendly意为“友好的”,符合“交友要态度友好”的语境,故填friendly。
5. 考查一般现在时主谓一致,主语A smile是第三人称单数,一般现在时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,make变形为makes,故填makes。
6. 考查冠词,此处smile作可数名词,泛指“一个微笑”,smile以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a,故填a。
7. 考查时间状语从句引导词,句意为“当我们叫他们的名字时,新朋友会感到开心”,用when引导时间状语从句,故填when。
8. 考查一般现在时否定形式,主语是we,实义动词agree的否定要借助助动词don't,后接动词原形agree,故填don't agree。
9. 考查形容词比较级,后文出现than表示两者比较,much的比较级是more,符合“多为他人考虑”的语境,故填more。
10. 考查固定搭配be ready to do sth,意为“乐意做某事、准备好做某事”,故填to help。
【答案】
1. for 2. with 3. will feel 4. friendly 5. makes
6. a 7. when 8. don't agree 9. more 10. to help
【知识点】
固定搭配;动词时态;词性转换
【点评】
本题属于基础类短文语法填空,考点覆盖了介词、冠词、状语从句引导词、主谓一致、比较级等初中英语核心基础知识点,绝大多数空格都对应教材里的高频固定搭配,只需要结合上下文语境和基础语法规则即可顺利推导,适合用来巩固英语基础语法知识。
【难度系数】
0.7
拿到这道短文语法填空题,首先先通读全文,明确文章主题是介绍朋友的重要性以及交友的相关注意事项,整体以一般现在时为核心时态。接下来逐个推导空格:
1. 先观察第一空前后的turn to them和help,回忆常用固定搭配就能直接对应求助的相关表达;
2. 第二空是不定式后置定语的逻辑搭配,前面结构是have a friend to talk to and do things,要补全“和朋友一起做事”的逻辑关系;
3. 第三空是if条件状语从句,按照“主将从现”的时态规则就能确定主句的动词形式;
4. 第四空在be动词之后,括号给出名词friend,需要转换为对应的形容词作表语;
5. 第五空主语是可数名词单数,符合一般现在时主谓一致的第三人称单数变形规则;
6. 第六空的smile此处作可数名词,泛指“一个微笑”,补全不定冠词即可;
7. 第七空前后是两个完整句子,后半句是前半句动作发生的时间,用时间状语从句引导词衔接;
8. 第八空是实义动词的一般现在时否定形式,主语是we,直接借助助动词don't变形即可;
9. 第九空后文出现than提示比较级,把much转换为对应的比较级形式;
10. 第十空对应固定搭配be ready to do sth,补全不定式结构即可。
【解析】
1. 考查固定搭配turn to sb for help,意为“向某人求助”,符合语境“遇到困难时向朋友求助”,故填for。
2. 考查介词用法,此处不定式作后置定语修饰friend,逻辑含义是“和朋友一起做事”,用介词with引出动作的伴随对象,故填with。
3. 考查动词时态,if引导条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”规则,从句为一般现在时,主句用一般将来时will+动词原形,故填will feel。
4. 考查词性转换,be动词后接形容词作表语,friend对应的形容词friendly意为“友好的”,符合“交友要态度友好”的语境,故填friendly。
5. 考查一般现在时主谓一致,主语A smile是第三人称单数,一般现在时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,make变形为makes,故填makes。
6. 考查冠词,此处smile作可数名词,泛指“一个微笑”,smile以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a,故填a。
7. 考查时间状语从句引导词,句意为“当我们叫他们的名字时,新朋友会感到开心”,用when引导时间状语从句,故填when。
8. 考查一般现在时否定形式,主语是we,实义动词agree的否定要借助助动词don't,后接动词原形agree,故填don't agree。
9. 考查形容词比较级,后文出现than表示两者比较,much的比较级是more,符合“多为他人考虑”的语境,故填more。
10. 考查固定搭配be ready to do sth,意为“乐意做某事、准备好做某事”,故填to help。
【答案】
1. for 2. with 3. will feel 4. friendly 5. makes
6. a 7. when 8. don't agree 9. more 10. to help
【知识点】
固定搭配;动词时态;词性转换
【点评】
本题属于基础类短文语法填空,考点覆盖了介词、冠词、状语从句引导词、主谓一致、比较级等初中英语核心基础知识点,绝大多数空格都对应教材里的高频固定搭配,只需要结合上下文语境和基础语法规则即可顺利推导,适合用来巩固英语基础语法知识。
【难度系数】
0.7
六、完形填空。
Amy did not have any friends and felt sad. All the girls except her in her class were paired up with a best friend or in groups, and she 1 felt lonely. So, Amy just walked around by herself and didn't play with 2. She wanted to play on the seesaw(跷跷板), 3 she needed to do it with a friend. Also, she liked to play on the swing(秋千) and 4 someone would push(推) her to get her started.
One day, the teacher, Mrs Gibbs, walked up and put 5 arm around Amy. “What's the matter, Amy? Why don't you 6 with other children?” she asked kindly.
Amy replied, “Everyone has a 7 except me. I don't have anyone.” Mrs Gibbs smiled and said, “Amy, the 8 to get a friend is to be a friend.”
Amy asked, “How do I do that?” Mrs Gibbs answered, “9 around the playground. There are three classes of third graders out here during this break time. 10 someone who walks by himself or herself and then go to ask him or her to play.” Amy said she would think about it, but she was 11 she would get the answer “No.” She wasn't sure if she could do it.
The next day, Amy noticed a dark-haired girl all alone on the playground. She 12 to walk to the girl. “Hi! My name is Amy. Do you want to play with me?”
“Yes,” the girl said shyly. As they took turns pushing each other on the 13, Amy found out that the girl's name was Ming. Her family had just moved from Japan and she also 14 a friend.
“Want to play on the seesaw?” Amy asked. Ming smiled and nodded. Paired up with each other, they played so 15. Amy finally had a friend!
(
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(
(
(
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Amy did not have any friends and felt sad. All the girls except her in her class were paired up with a best friend or in groups, and she 1 felt lonely. So, Amy just walked around by herself and didn't play with 2. She wanted to play on the seesaw(跷跷板), 3 she needed to do it with a friend. Also, she liked to play on the swing(秋千) and 4 someone would push(推) her to get her started.
One day, the teacher, Mrs Gibbs, walked up and put 5 arm around Amy. “What's the matter, Amy? Why don't you 6 with other children?” she asked kindly.
Amy replied, “Everyone has a 7 except me. I don't have anyone.” Mrs Gibbs smiled and said, “Amy, the 8 to get a friend is to be a friend.”
Amy asked, “How do I do that?” Mrs Gibbs answered, “9 around the playground. There are three classes of third graders out here during this break time. 10 someone who walks by himself or herself and then go to ask him or her to play.” Amy said she would think about it, but she was 11 she would get the answer “No.” She wasn't sure if she could do it.
The next day, Amy noticed a dark-haired girl all alone on the playground. She 12 to walk to the girl. “Hi! My name is Amy. Do you want to play with me?”
“Yes,” the girl said shyly. As they took turns pushing each other on the 13, Amy found out that the girl's name was Ming. Her family had just moved from Japan and she also 14 a friend.
“Want to play on the seesaw?” Amy asked. Ming smiled and nodded. Paired up with each other, they played so 15. Amy finally had a friend!
(
B
)1. A. ever B. always C. never D. seldom(
A
)2. A. anyone B. everyone C. everything D. nothing(
C
)3. A. and B. so C. but D. because(
B
)4. A. decided B. wished C. liked D. thought(
D
)5. A. my B. your C. his D. her(
D
)6. A. write B. study C. agree D. play(
A
)7. A. friend B. classmate C. sister D. parent(
B
)8. A. plan B. way C. lesson D. reason(
B
)9. A. Turn B. Look C. Jump D. Sit(
C
)10. A. Stop B. Help C. Find D. Lose(
A
)11. A. afraid B. enjoyable C. pleased D. surprised(
D
)12. A. remembered B. hoped C. liked D. decided(
C
)13. A. seesaw B. chair C. swing D. bike(
A
)14. A. needed B. chose C. made D. seemed(
D
)15. A. carefully B. quietly C. simply D. happily答案:1. B 【点拨】根据“Amy did not have any friends”可知,埃米没有朋友,她总是感觉孤单。故选 B。
2. A 【点拨】根据“So, Amy just walked around by herself”可知,埃米一个人独来独往,不和任何人玩。故选 A。
3. C 【点拨】空前后是转折关系,用 but 连接。故选 C。
4. B 【点拨】根据“someone would push(推) her to get her started”可知,埃米希望有人可以推她。故选 B。
5. D 【点拨】根据“Mrs Gibbs”可知,此空应填 her。故选 D。
6. D 【点拨】根据句意可知,是询问为什么不和其他孩子一起玩。故选 D。
7. A 【点拨】根据语境可知,其他人都有朋友,而埃米没有。故选 A。
8. B 【点拨】根据语境可知,此处介绍交朋友的方法。故选 B。
9. B 【点拨】根据“around the playground”以及“There are three classes of third graders out here during this break time. ”可知,老师让埃米看看操场四周。故选 B。
10. C 【点拨】根据“someone who walks by himself or herself and then go to ask him or her to play”可知,找一个人,然后和他/她一起玩。故选 C。
11. A 【点拨】根据“she would get the answer ‘No. ’”可知,是害怕被拒绝。故选 A。
12. D 【点拨】根据“Amy noticed a dark-haired girl all alone on the playground”以及“to walk to the girl”可知,埃米注意到这个女孩,并决定走上前跟她打招呼。故选 D。
13. C 【点拨】根据“took turns pushing each other”可知,是轮流推着对方荡秋千。故选 C。
14. A 【点拨】根据语境可知,是刚从日本搬过来,所以也需要朋友。故选 A。
15. D 【点拨】根据语境可知,是玩得非常开心。故选 D。
2. A 【点拨】根据“So, Amy just walked around by herself”可知,埃米一个人独来独往,不和任何人玩。故选 A。
3. C 【点拨】空前后是转折关系,用 but 连接。故选 C。
4. B 【点拨】根据“someone would push(推) her to get her started”可知,埃米希望有人可以推她。故选 B。
5. D 【点拨】根据“Mrs Gibbs”可知,此空应填 her。故选 D。
6. D 【点拨】根据句意可知,是询问为什么不和其他孩子一起玩。故选 D。
7. A 【点拨】根据语境可知,其他人都有朋友,而埃米没有。故选 A。
8. B 【点拨】根据语境可知,此处介绍交朋友的方法。故选 B。
9. B 【点拨】根据“around the playground”以及“There are three classes of third graders out here during this break time. ”可知,老师让埃米看看操场四周。故选 B。
10. C 【点拨】根据“someone who walks by himself or herself and then go to ask him or her to play”可知,找一个人,然后和他/她一起玩。故选 C。
11. A 【点拨】根据“she would get the answer ‘No. ’”可知,是害怕被拒绝。故选 A。
12. D 【点拨】根据“Amy noticed a dark-haired girl all alone on the playground”以及“to walk to the girl”可知,埃米注意到这个女孩,并决定走上前跟她打招呼。故选 D。
13. C 【点拨】根据“took turns pushing each other”可知,是轮流推着对方荡秋千。故选 C。
14. A 【点拨】根据语境可知,是刚从日本搬过来,所以也需要朋友。故选 A。
15. D 【点拨】根据语境可知,是玩得非常开心。故选 D。
解析:
【分析】
首先通读全文梳理故事主线:本文讲述了没有朋友的Amy一直感到孤单,在老师的引导下鼓起勇气主动搭讪同样独自玩耍的转学生Ming,最终两人成为好朋友的暖心校园故事。解题时遵循“先完意,后完形”的思路:第一步先跳过空格读完全文,掌握整体情节和人物情绪走向;第二步逐空选择,每道题都回到上下文找对应提示信息,结合词义辨析、逻辑关系、指代规则排除错误选项,比如遇到转折类空格就找前后语义相反的线索,遇到指代类空格就确认指代对象的属性;第三步把选完的答案代入全文通读,检查整体逻辑是否通顺,验证答案合理性。
【解析】
1. 前文提到Amy没有任何朋友,班里除了她所有女孩都有好友组队,说明她总是感到孤单,ever曾经、never从不、seldom很少都不符合语境,选B。
2. 前文说Amy总是独自闲逛,说明她不和任何人玩耍,anyone用于否定句表示“任何人”,everyone每个人、everything所有事、nothing什么都没有都不符合,选A。
3. 空格前说她想玩跷跷板,空格后说玩跷跷板需要和朋友一起配合,前后是转折逻辑,and表并列、so表因果、because表原因,只有but表转折符合逻辑,选C。
4. 前文提到她喜欢玩秋千,秋千需要别人推才能启动,所以她希望有人能推她一把,decide决定、like喜欢、think认为都不符合语境,选B。
5. 空格处指代前文的女性Mrs Gibbs,修饰名词arm要用形容词性物主代词her,my我的、your你的、his他的都不符合指代规则,选D。
6. 老师询问Amy为什么不和其他孩子一起玩,前文一直提到Amy不和别人结伴玩耍,write写、study学习、agree同意都和语境不匹配,选D。
7. Amy回答说除了自己所有人都有朋友,对应开头提到的Amy没有朋友的核心设定,classmate同学、sister姐妹、parent父母都不符合语境,选A。
8. 老师告诉Amy,得到朋友的方法就是先成为别人的朋友,the way to do sth是固定搭配表示“做某事的方法”,plan计划、lesson课程、reason原因都不符合语义,选B。
9. 老师让Amy环顾操场四周,look around是固定搭配表示“环顾四周”,turn around转身、jump跳、sit坐都不符合语境,选B。
10. 老师让Amy找到独自一个人待着的同学,然后邀请对方一起玩,stop停下、help帮助、lose丢失都不符合语义,选C。
11. Amy忐忑不安,担心自己主动邀请会得到“不”的回答,也就是害怕被拒绝,enjoyable愉快的、pleased开心的、surprised惊讶的都不符合她的情绪状态,选A。
12. Amy注意到一个深色头发的女孩独自在操场,她决定走向那个女孩打招呼,remember记得、hope希望、like喜欢都不符合后续她主动上前的动作逻辑,选D。
13. 她们轮流推对方,对应前文提到的需要人推才能启动的游乐设施就是秋千,seesaw跷跷板不需要外力推、chair椅子、bike自行车都不符合语境,选C。
14. 女孩刚从日本搬家过来,和Amy之前的处境一样,也没有朋友,需要一个朋友,choose选择、make制作、seem似乎都不符合语义,选A。
15. 两个人终于结伴玩耍,玩得非常开心,carefully小心地、quietly安静地、simply简单地都不符合两人交到朋友的愉悦状态,选D。
【答案】
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. A 15. D
【知识点】
语境词义辨析
逻辑连词辨析
细节推理判断
【点评】
本篇是贴近中小学校园生活的记叙文类完形填空,情节简单温暖,所有题目都能在上下文中找到明确的提示线索,侧重考查基础词汇在语境中的运用,难度较低,适合刚接触完形填空的学生练习,同时故事也传递了主动付出才能收获友谊的正向引导。
【难度系数】
0.85
首先通读全文梳理故事主线:本文讲述了没有朋友的Amy一直感到孤单,在老师的引导下鼓起勇气主动搭讪同样独自玩耍的转学生Ming,最终两人成为好朋友的暖心校园故事。解题时遵循“先完意,后完形”的思路:第一步先跳过空格读完全文,掌握整体情节和人物情绪走向;第二步逐空选择,每道题都回到上下文找对应提示信息,结合词义辨析、逻辑关系、指代规则排除错误选项,比如遇到转折类空格就找前后语义相反的线索,遇到指代类空格就确认指代对象的属性;第三步把选完的答案代入全文通读,检查整体逻辑是否通顺,验证答案合理性。
【解析】
1. 前文提到Amy没有任何朋友,班里除了她所有女孩都有好友组队,说明她总是感到孤单,ever曾经、never从不、seldom很少都不符合语境,选B。
2. 前文说Amy总是独自闲逛,说明她不和任何人玩耍,anyone用于否定句表示“任何人”,everyone每个人、everything所有事、nothing什么都没有都不符合,选A。
3. 空格前说她想玩跷跷板,空格后说玩跷跷板需要和朋友一起配合,前后是转折逻辑,and表并列、so表因果、because表原因,只有but表转折符合逻辑,选C。
4. 前文提到她喜欢玩秋千,秋千需要别人推才能启动,所以她希望有人能推她一把,decide决定、like喜欢、think认为都不符合语境,选B。
5. 空格处指代前文的女性Mrs Gibbs,修饰名词arm要用形容词性物主代词her,my我的、your你的、his他的都不符合指代规则,选D。
6. 老师询问Amy为什么不和其他孩子一起玩,前文一直提到Amy不和别人结伴玩耍,write写、study学习、agree同意都和语境不匹配,选D。
7. Amy回答说除了自己所有人都有朋友,对应开头提到的Amy没有朋友的核心设定,classmate同学、sister姐妹、parent父母都不符合语境,选A。
8. 老师告诉Amy,得到朋友的方法就是先成为别人的朋友,the way to do sth是固定搭配表示“做某事的方法”,plan计划、lesson课程、reason原因都不符合语义,选B。
9. 老师让Amy环顾操场四周,look around是固定搭配表示“环顾四周”,turn around转身、jump跳、sit坐都不符合语境,选B。
10. 老师让Amy找到独自一个人待着的同学,然后邀请对方一起玩,stop停下、help帮助、lose丢失都不符合语义,选C。
11. Amy忐忑不安,担心自己主动邀请会得到“不”的回答,也就是害怕被拒绝,enjoyable愉快的、pleased开心的、surprised惊讶的都不符合她的情绪状态,选A。
12. Amy注意到一个深色头发的女孩独自在操场,她决定走向那个女孩打招呼,remember记得、hope希望、like喜欢都不符合后续她主动上前的动作逻辑,选D。
13. 她们轮流推对方,对应前文提到的需要人推才能启动的游乐设施就是秋千,seesaw跷跷板不需要外力推、chair椅子、bike自行车都不符合语境,选C。
14. 女孩刚从日本搬家过来,和Amy之前的处境一样,也没有朋友,需要一个朋友,choose选择、make制作、seem似乎都不符合语义,选A。
15. 两个人终于结伴玩耍,玩得非常开心,carefully小心地、quietly安静地、simply简单地都不符合两人交到朋友的愉悦状态,选D。
【答案】
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. A 15. D
【知识点】
语境词义辨析
逻辑连词辨析
细节推理判断
【点评】
本篇是贴近中小学校园生活的记叙文类完形填空,情节简单温暖,所有题目都能在上下文中找到明确的提示线索,侧重考查基础词汇在语境中的运用,难度较低,适合刚接触完形填空的学生练习,同时故事也传递了主动付出才能收获友谊的正向引导。
【难度系数】
0.85