四、词汇运用。(共10小题;每小题1分,计10分)
根据句子意思,用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。(每空一词)
1. Mr Green is a
2. He is honest enough to keep
3. After a while, I got
4. It's important for good friends to
5. The
6. My father told a joke last night. It made me
7. Don't trust him again. He always tells
8. I think English is
9. Daniel felt sad because he did
10.(2024·江苏扬州邗江月考)Lily eats only a little. She is one of the
根据句子意思,用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。(每空一词)
1. Mr Green is a
humorous
teacher. His students all like him.(幽默的)2. He is honest enough to keep
secrets
for me. I can believe in him.(秘密)3. After a while, I got
bored
and left there.(无聊的)4. It's important for good friends to
understand
each other.(理解)5. The
smiling
faces of his kids made the father happy again.(微笑的)6. My father told a joke last night. It made me
laugh
.(laugh)7. Don't trust him again. He always tells
lies
.(lie)8. I think English is
easier
than Maths.(easy)9. Daniel felt sad because he did
worse
than any other student.(bad)10.(2024·江苏扬州邗江月考)Lily eats only a little. She is one of the
slimmest
girls in her class.(slim)答案：1. humorous 2. secrets 3. bored 4. understand 5. smiling 6. laugh 7. lies 8. easier 9. worse 10. slimmest
解析：
【分析】
这道题是初中英语的词汇运用题型，解题思路可以分两步走：1. 对于给出汉语提示的小题，先通读全句理解语义，判断空格处所需单词的词性，回忆对应汉语的英文拼写，同时结合语境判断是否需要调整单复数等形式；2. 对于给出英语单词的小题，先定位句子里的特殊标志，比如固定搭配的结构、比较级的标志词than、最高级的固定结构等，按照对应的语法规则对所给单词进行正确变形，最后还要核对每空符合“每空一词”的要求，确保语义和语法都通顺。
【解析】
1. 空格后是名词teacher，需要用形容词作定语修饰，“幽默的”对应的英文形容词是humorous，故填humorous。
2. 句意为“他足够诚实，能为我保守秘密，我可以信任他”，固定搭配keep secrets意为“保守秘密”，用名词复数表示泛指多个秘密，故填secrets。
3. 空格处作表语，主语是人（I），表达人感到无聊的含义，要用-ed结尾的形容词bored，-ing结尾的boring多用于修饰事物本身无聊，故填bored。
4. 句子是固定句型It's + 形容词 + for sb to do sth，不定式符号to后要接动词原形，“理解”的动词原形是understand，故填understand。
5. 空格后是名词faces，需要用形容词作定语修饰，“微笑的”对应的英文形容词是smiling，故填smiling。
6. 句中是使役动词make的固定搭配make sb do sth，意为“让某人做某事”，后面接不带to的动词不定式，即动词原形，故填laugh。
7. 句意为“别再信任他了，他总说谎”，固定搭配tell lies意为“说谎”，是常用短语，用名词复数表示泛指，故填lies。
8. 句中出现比较级的标志词than，说明要将英语和数学做比较，需要用easy的比较级形式easier，故填easier。
9. 句中出现than，是将他和其他学生做比较，修饰动词did要用副词bad的比较级worse，故填worse。
10. 句子是固定结构one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，意为“最……的之一”，slim的最高级需要双写末尾辅音字母m再加-est，即slimmest，故填slimmest。
【答案】
1. humorous 2. secrets 3. bored 4. understand 5. smiling 6. laugh 7. lies 8. easier 9. worse 10. slimmest
【知识点】
形容词用法，词形变换，固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题是初中英语单元核心基础词汇考题，覆盖了形容词作定语、-ed/-ing形容词辨析、使役动词搭配、形容词/副词比较级、最高级的常规考点，全部都是教材要求掌握的基础内容，学生只要牢记课内核心单词拼写、常见固定搭配和变形规则，就可以顺利完成作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
这道题是初中英语的词汇运用题型，解题思路可以分两步走：1. 对于给出汉语提示的小题，先通读全句理解语义，判断空格处所需单词的词性，回忆对应汉语的英文拼写，同时结合语境判断是否需要调整单复数等形式；2. 对于给出英语单词的小题，先定位句子里的特殊标志，比如固定搭配的结构、比较级的标志词than、最高级的固定结构等，按照对应的语法规则对所给单词进行正确变形，最后还要核对每空符合“每空一词”的要求，确保语义和语法都通顺。
【解析】
1. 空格后是名词teacher，需要用形容词作定语修饰，“幽默的”对应的英文形容词是humorous，故填humorous。
2. 句意为“他足够诚实，能为我保守秘密，我可以信任他”，固定搭配keep secrets意为“保守秘密”，用名词复数表示泛指多个秘密，故填secrets。
3. 空格处作表语，主语是人（I），表达人感到无聊的含义，要用-ed结尾的形容词bored，-ing结尾的boring多用于修饰事物本身无聊，故填bored。
4. 句子是固定句型It's + 形容词 + for sb to do sth，不定式符号to后要接动词原形，“理解”的动词原形是understand，故填understand。
5. 空格后是名词faces，需要用形容词作定语修饰，“微笑的”对应的英文形容词是smiling，故填smiling。
6. 句中是使役动词make的固定搭配make sb do sth，意为“让某人做某事”，后面接不带to的动词不定式，即动词原形，故填laugh。
7. 句意为“别再信任他了，他总说谎”，固定搭配tell lies意为“说谎”，是常用短语，用名词复数表示泛指，故填lies。
8. 句中出现比较级的标志词than，说明要将英语和数学做比较，需要用easy的比较级形式easier，故填easier。
9. 句中出现than，是将他和其他学生做比较，修饰动词did要用副词bad的比较级worse，故填worse。
10. 句子是固定结构one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，意为“最……的之一”，slim的最高级需要双写末尾辅音字母m再加-est，即slimmest，故填slimmest。
【答案】
1. humorous 2. secrets 3. bored 4. understand 5. smiling 6. laugh 7. lies 8. easier 9. worse 10. slimmest
【知识点】
形容词用法，词形变换，固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题是初中英语单元核心基础词汇考题，覆盖了形容词作定语、-ed/-ing形容词辨析、使役动词搭配、形容词/副词比较级、最高级的常规考点，全部都是教材要求掌握的基础内容，学生只要牢记课内核心单词拼写、常见固定搭配和变形规则，就可以顺利完成作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
五、阅读表达。(共5小题；每小题2分，计10分)
阅读下面的材料，然后根据材料内容回答问题。
Peter wondered why he didn't have many friends. The reason was that he was always taking, but never giving.
One day, Peter told Bill, "I'd like to give a party on Saturday. And I'd like you to come and bring Martha too." "Thanks, Peter. We'd be happy to come." "Perhaps you'd better bring your violin. You and Martha sing well together. I'm sure everyone will want you to sing for us." That was how Peter began to plan his party.
Next, he asked another friend, Betty, to bring a cake. "You make the best cake in the world. Betty, I like to eat your cake better than to have one from the shop." Peter invited a few other friends to come to his party. He didn't forget to ask something from each one of them. He even asked Jim Jackson and Mary Jackson to let him give the party at their house! They agreed.
The party was a big success. However, as the guests were leaving, they said "Thank you" to Bill and Martha for the music, Betty for the cake, the Jacksons for the use of the house and to others for their hard work. To Peter, they just said "Thanks for the invitation."
注:每题答案不超过10个词。
1. When did Peter hold the party?
2. Where was the party held?
3. How was the party?
4. What did Peter do for the party?
5. What do you think of Peter?
阅读下面的材料，然后根据材料内容回答问题。
Peter wondered why he didn't have many friends. The reason was that he was always taking, but never giving.
One day, Peter told Bill, "I'd like to give a party on Saturday. And I'd like you to come and bring Martha too." "Thanks, Peter. We'd be happy to come." "Perhaps you'd better bring your violin. You and Martha sing well together. I'm sure everyone will want you to sing for us." That was how Peter began to plan his party.
Next, he asked another friend, Betty, to bring a cake. "You make the best cake in the world. Betty, I like to eat your cake better than to have one from the shop." Peter invited a few other friends to come to his party. He didn't forget to ask something from each one of them. He even asked Jim Jackson and Mary Jackson to let him give the party at their house! They agreed.
The party was a big success. However, as the guests were leaving, they said "Thank you" to Bill and Martha for the music, Betty for the cake, the Jacksons for the use of the house and to others for their hard work. To Peter, they just said "Thanks for the invitation."
注:每题答案不超过10个词。
1. When did Peter hold the party?
On Saturday.
2. Where was the party held?
At Jim and Mary's house.
3. How was the party?
It was successful.
4. What did Peter do for the party?
He invited friends.
5. What do you think of Peter?
He is selfish.
答案：1. On Saturday.
2. At Jim and Mary's house.
3. It was successful.
4. He invited friends.
5. He is selfish.
2. At Jim and Mary's house.
3. It was successful.
4. He invited friends.
5. He is selfish.
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇人物故事类阅读简答题，解题时首先要抓住每个题干的核心关键词，返回原文精准定位对应内容，提取符合要求的信息作答，同时要严格遵守题干要求的“每题答案不超过10个词”的规则：第1题抓疑问词When找派对时间，直接定位原文相关语句提取时间；第2题抓疑问词Where找派对举办地点，定位到Peter借场地的相关描述；第3题抓How找派对的评价，直接定位派对结果的语句；第4题梳理全文Peter的行为，归纳他为派对做的事；第5题结合全文“Peter只索取不付出”的主旨，推断人物性格即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段Peter的表述"I'd like to give a party on Saturday"，直接提取时间信息得到结果。
2. 定位原文第三段"He even asked Jim Jackson and Mary Jackson to let him give the party at their house! They agreed"，提取对应地点信息得到结果。
3. 定位原文最后一段"The party was a big success"，简化表述符合词数要求得到结果。
4. 通读全文可知派对的音乐、蛋糕、场地都由受邀朋友提供，Peter仅完成了邀请朋友的行为，归纳得到结果。
5. 结合全文Peter全程只索取不付出的表现，可推断他性格自私，得到结果。
【答案】
1. On Saturday.
2. At Jim and Mary's house.
3. It was successful.
4. He invited friends.
5. He is selfish.
【知识点】
阅读细节查找，文意归纳推断
【点评】
本题属于基础阅读简答题型，绝大多数答案都可以直接从原文定位获取，仅最后一题需要结合主旨做简单的人物性格推断，解题核心注意点是严格遵守题干的词数限制，不要冗余作答超出字数要求。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇人物故事类阅读简答题，解题时首先要抓住每个题干的核心关键词，返回原文精准定位对应内容，提取符合要求的信息作答，同时要严格遵守题干要求的“每题答案不超过10个词”的规则：第1题抓疑问词When找派对时间，直接定位原文相关语句提取时间；第2题抓疑问词Where找派对举办地点，定位到Peter借场地的相关描述；第3题抓How找派对的评价，直接定位派对结果的语句；第4题梳理全文Peter的行为，归纳他为派对做的事；第5题结合全文“Peter只索取不付出”的主旨，推断人物性格即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段Peter的表述"I'd like to give a party on Saturday"，直接提取时间信息得到结果。
2. 定位原文第三段"He even asked Jim Jackson and Mary Jackson to let him give the party at their house! They agreed"，提取对应地点信息得到结果。
3. 定位原文最后一段"The party was a big success"，简化表述符合词数要求得到结果。
4. 通读全文可知派对的音乐、蛋糕、场地都由受邀朋友提供，Peter仅完成了邀请朋友的行为，归纳得到结果。
5. 结合全文Peter全程只索取不付出的表现，可推断他性格自私，得到结果。
【答案】
1. On Saturday.
2. At Jim and Mary's house.
3. It was successful.
4. He invited friends.
5. He is selfish.
【知识点】
阅读细节查找，文意归纳推断
【点评】
本题属于基础阅读简答题型，绝大多数答案都可以直接从原文定位获取，仅最后一题需要结合主旨做简单的人物性格推断，解题核心注意点是严格遵守题干的词数限制，不要冗余作答超出字数要求。
【难度系数】
0.7