B(2025·江苏扬州树人中学期末)
According to a recent study, the Middle East is warming almost twice as fast as the rest of the world. Without doubt, high temperatures will have deep influences on the development of the area.
That shows the growing risk to humans caused by extreme(极端的) weather. With more and more extreme weather events, we must find better techniques to make predictions(预测) about them.
AI is a powerful tool. It can deal with information and provide advice to help us better understand and make predictions about the weather. Traditional weather prediction models use information from satellites (卫星). But these models have their disadvantages. They are not very exact. They also fail to discover complex conditions of the air around the earth.
AI can overcome(克服) these disadvantages by using the technology of deep learning. It can learn from historical and real-time information and produce trustworthy predictions. AI can also deal with information from different places, such as satellite photos or online posts, to provide clearer pictures of the weather situation. A paper on the Pangu-Weather AI model has drawn a lot of attention. Pangu-Weather is the first AI prediction model that is more exact than traditional weather prediction methods. This model can increase the prediction speed by 10,000 times, making global weather prediction time drop to seconds.
In May 2023, Typhoon Mawar appeared in the Pacific Ocean. According to the China Meteorological Administration, Pangu-Weather made exact predictions about the direction of Typhoon Mawar five days before it changed its way in the eastern waters of the islands of Taiwan.
(
A. High temperatures will have few influences on the Middle East.
B. The Middle East is warming faster than the rest of the world.
C. Traditional weather prediction models can discover complex conditions of the air around the earth.
D. Traditional weather prediction models use information from satellites and are very exact.
(
A. By using information from satellites.
B. By only learning from real-time information.
C. By using the technology of deep learning.
D. By dealing with information from the same places.
(
A. To show how exact Pangu-Weather's predictions are.
B. To tell us about the risks of extreme weather.
C. To talk about how useless traditional weather prediction models are.
D. To express that the problems of extreme weather have been solved completely.
According to a recent study, the Middle East is warming almost twice as fast as the rest of the world. Without doubt, high temperatures will have deep influences on the development of the area.
That shows the growing risk to humans caused by extreme(极端的) weather. With more and more extreme weather events, we must find better techniques to make predictions(预测) about them.
AI is a powerful tool. It can deal with information and provide advice to help us better understand and make predictions about the weather. Traditional weather prediction models use information from satellites (卫星). But these models have their disadvantages. They are not very exact. They also fail to discover complex conditions of the air around the earth.
AI can overcome(克服) these disadvantages by using the technology of deep learning. It can learn from historical and real-time information and produce trustworthy predictions. AI can also deal with information from different places, such as satellite photos or online posts, to provide clearer pictures of the weather situation. A paper on the Pangu-Weather AI model has drawn a lot of attention. Pangu-Weather is the first AI prediction model that is more exact than traditional weather prediction methods. This model can increase the prediction speed by 10,000 times, making global weather prediction time drop to seconds.
In May 2023, Typhoon Mawar appeared in the Pacific Ocean. According to the China Meteorological Administration, Pangu-Weather made exact predictions about the direction of Typhoon Mawar five days before it changed its way in the eastern waters of the islands of Taiwan.
(
B
)4. Which of the following is TRUE?A. High temperatures will have few influences on the Middle East.
B. The Middle East is warming faster than the rest of the world.
C. Traditional weather prediction models can discover complex conditions of the air around the earth.
D. Traditional weather prediction models use information from satellites and are very exact.
(
C
)5. How can AI overcome the disadvantages of traditional weather prediction models?A. By using information from satellites.
B. By only learning from real-time information.
C. By using the technology of deep learning.
D. By dealing with information from the same places.
(
A
)6. Why is Typhoon Mawar mentioned?A. To show how exact Pangu-Weather's predictions are.
B. To tell us about the risks of extreme weather.
C. To talk about how useless traditional weather prediction models are.
D. To express that the problems of extreme weather have been solved completely.
答案：4. B 【点拨】根据“the Middle East is warming almost twice as fast as the rest of the world”可知，中东地区的升温速度比世界其他地区快。故选B。
5. C 【点拨】根据“AI can overcome（克服）these disadvantages by using the technology of deep learning.”可知，AI通过深度学习技术来克服传统天气预测模型的缺点。故选C。
6. A 【点拨】根据“According to the China Meteorological Administration, Pangu-Weather made exact predictions about the direction of Typhoon Mawar five days before it changed its way in the eastern waters of the islands of Taiwan.”可知，提及台风“玛娃”是为了展示盘古气象预测的准确性。故选A。
5. C 【点拨】根据“AI can overcome（克服）these disadvantages by using the technology of deep learning.”可知，AI通过深度学习技术来克服传统天气预测模型的缺点。故选C。
6. A 【点拨】根据“According to the China Meteorological Administration, Pangu-Weather made exact predictions about the direction of Typhoon Mawar five days before it changed its way in the eastern waters of the islands of Taiwan.”可知，提及台风“玛娃”是为了展示盘古气象预测的准确性。故选A。
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇科普类说明文的细节理解题，解题思路非常清晰：首先通读题干和所有选项，带着问题返回原文精准定位对应段落的语句，将每个选项的表述和原文内容逐一比对，排除和原文不符的错误干扰项，最终选出符合原文内容的正确答案。做这类题不需要复杂推理，核心是做到选项和原文信息的严格匹配，避免主观臆断。
【解析】
4. 逐一核对选项内容和原文信息：
选项A：原文第一段明确提到高温会对中东地区的发展产生深远影响，和选项里“几乎没有影响”的表述完全相反，错误；
选项B：原文开篇第一句就说明中东的升温速度几乎是世界其他地区的两倍，直接证明中东升温比世界其他地区更快，表述正确；
选项C：原文第三段提到传统气象预测模型无法发现地球周围大气的复杂状态，和选项表述矛盾，错误；
选项D：原文第三段说明传统模型确实使用卫星信息，但它的预测并不十分准确，选项里“非常准确”的描述错误。
因此第4题选B。
5. 定位到原文第四段第一句：AI can overcome these disadvantages by using the technology of deep learning，直接对应正确选项C。其余干扰项：A是传统气象模型的特点，B表述错误，AI是同时从历史和实时信息学习而非仅学习实时信息，D表述错误，AI处理的是不同来源的信息而非同一地点的信息，均排除。因此第5题选C。
6. 举例前已经介绍了盘古气象是首个准确率超过传统气象预测方法的AI模型，后文举台风玛娃的例子，说明它提前5天就准确预测出台风的路径变化，目的就是直观展示盘古气象预测的准确性。其余选项：B和例子内容无关，C原文没有否定传统模型的全部价值，D“极端天气问题完全解决”完全不符合原文表述，均排除。因此第6题选A。
【答案】
4. B 5. C 6. A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，说明文信息比对，正误判断
【点评】
本题全部为细节理解类题型，没有设置高难度的干扰陷阱，学生只要耐心返回原文定位对应语句，将选项和原文信息逐一比对就能选出正确答案，主要考察学生从科普说明文中快速抓取关键信息的能力。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇科普类说明文的细节理解题，解题思路非常清晰：首先通读题干和所有选项，带着问题返回原文精准定位对应段落的语句，将每个选项的表述和原文内容逐一比对，排除和原文不符的错误干扰项，最终选出符合原文内容的正确答案。做这类题不需要复杂推理，核心是做到选项和原文信息的严格匹配，避免主观臆断。
【解析】
4. 逐一核对选项内容和原文信息：
选项A：原文第一段明确提到高温会对中东地区的发展产生深远影响，和选项里“几乎没有影响”的表述完全相反，错误；
选项B：原文开篇第一句就说明中东的升温速度几乎是世界其他地区的两倍，直接证明中东升温比世界其他地区更快，表述正确；
选项C：原文第三段提到传统气象预测模型无法发现地球周围大气的复杂状态，和选项表述矛盾，错误；
选项D：原文第三段说明传统模型确实使用卫星信息，但它的预测并不十分准确，选项里“非常准确”的描述错误。
因此第4题选B。
5. 定位到原文第四段第一句：AI can overcome these disadvantages by using the technology of deep learning，直接对应正确选项C。其余干扰项：A是传统气象模型的特点，B表述错误，AI是同时从历史和实时信息学习而非仅学习实时信息，D表述错误，AI处理的是不同来源的信息而非同一地点的信息，均排除。因此第5题选C。
6. 举例前已经介绍了盘古气象是首个准确率超过传统气象预测方法的AI模型，后文举台风玛娃的例子，说明它提前5天就准确预测出台风的路径变化，目的就是直观展示盘古气象预测的准确性。其余选项：B和例子内容无关，C原文没有否定传统模型的全部价值，D“极端天气问题完全解决”完全不符合原文表述，均排除。因此第6题选A。
【答案】
4. B 5. C 6. A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，说明文信息比对，正误判断
【点评】
本题全部为细节理解类题型，没有设置高难度的干扰陷阱，学生只要耐心返回原文定位对应语句，将选项和原文信息逐一比对就能选出正确答案，主要考察学生从科普说明文中快速抓取关键信息的能力。
【难度系数】
0.8