四、词汇运用。(共10小题;每小题1分,计10分)
根据句子意思,用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。(每空一词)
1. By using new energy, there will be less
2. She has decided not to
3. We should spend time making a plan before we take
4. We know about these special dolphins
5. The baby giant panda looks like a little white mouse at
6. (2024·甘肃白银、武威)The cat lay on the sofa, washing
7. (2024·四川达州)It is
8. (2024·云南)China's BeiDou Navigation Satellite System has developed
9. Linda did well in running and
10. My computer
根据句子意思,用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。(每空一词)
1. By using new energy, there will be less
pollution
. (污染)2. She has decided not to
accept
the job because she thinks it isn't suitable for her. (接受)3. We should spend time making a plan before we take
action
. (行动)4. We know about these special dolphins
mainly
through books. (主要地)5. The baby giant panda looks like a little white mouse at
birth
. (出生)6. (2024·甘肃白银、武威)The cat lay on the sofa, washing
itself
. (it)7. (2024·四川达州)It is
lucky
for us to be born in China. (luck)8. (2024·云南)China's BeiDou Navigation Satellite System has developed
quickly
and it plays an important role in many fields. (quick)9. Linda did well in running and
swimming
when she was in primary school. (swim)10. My computer
went
wrong again so I bought a new one at last. (go)答案：四、1. pollution 2. accept 3. action 4. mainly 5. birth
6. itself 7. lucky 8. quickly 9. swimming 10. went
6. itself 7. lucky 8. quickly 9. swimming 10. went
解析：
【分析】
这道词汇运用题分为汉语提示填词和所给词适当形式变形两类，解题时可以按以下思路走：1. 先通读完整句子，结合句意判断空格处所需要的词性；2. 如果是汉语提示类，回忆对应含义的英文单词，同时结合空格前后的修饰词、固定搭配确认单词的正确形式；3. 如果是给出英语原形的变形题，结合句子的语法规则（比如并列结构、固定句式、时态要求）对原形做对应的词性/形式转换，最后检查每空是否符合“每空一词”的要求，确认拼写无误。
【解析】
1. 空格前的less是little的比较级，后面需要接不可数名词，提示“污染”的名词形式为pollution，故填pollution。
2. 空格前是固定结构decide not to do sth.（决定不做某事），to后面接动词原形，提示“接受”的动词原形为accept，故填accept。
3. 此处是固定搭配take action，意为“采取行动”，符合句意“我们在采取行动前应该花时间制定计划”，故填action。
4. 空格处需要修饰前面的动词短语know about，需要用副词形式，提示“主要地”的英文是mainly，故填mainly。
5. 此处是固定搭配at birth，意为“出生时”，符合句意“这只熊猫幼崽出生时看起来像一只小白鼠”，故填birth。
6. 句意：猫躺在沙发上，给自己清洗。此处表示动物自身，需要用it的反身代词itself，故填itself。
7. 此处是固定句型It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，需要把名词luck变为形容词lucky，故填lucky。
8. 空格处需要修饰前面的动词developed，要用副词形式，把形容词quick变为副词quickly，故填quickly。
9. 句中and并列前后成分形式要保持一致，前面的running是动名词，所以swim也要变为动名词swimming，故填swimming。
10. 句中后半句的bought是一般过去时，说明前半句的动作也发生在过去，go的一般过去式是went，故填went。
【答案】
1. pollution 2. accept 3. action 4. mainly 5. birth 6. itself 7. lucky 8. quickly 9. swimming 10. went
【知识点】
词性转换、固定短语搭配、动词时态
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础词汇考察题型，覆盖了名词、动词、副词、反身代词、形容词等多种词性的运用，同时涉及常考固定搭配、并列结构一致、一般过去时等核心基础考点，整体难度不高，学生解题时需要注意结合句子语法属性判断所需词形，避免出现词性误用、时态错写的常见错误。
【难度系数】
0.8
这道词汇运用题分为汉语提示填词和所给词适当形式变形两类，解题时可以按以下思路走：1. 先通读完整句子，结合句意判断空格处所需要的词性；2. 如果是汉语提示类，回忆对应含义的英文单词，同时结合空格前后的修饰词、固定搭配确认单词的正确形式；3. 如果是给出英语原形的变形题，结合句子的语法规则（比如并列结构、固定句式、时态要求）对原形做对应的词性/形式转换，最后检查每空是否符合“每空一词”的要求，确认拼写无误。
【解析】
1. 空格前的less是little的比较级，后面需要接不可数名词，提示“污染”的名词形式为pollution，故填pollution。
2. 空格前是固定结构decide not to do sth.（决定不做某事），to后面接动词原形，提示“接受”的动词原形为accept，故填accept。
3. 此处是固定搭配take action，意为“采取行动”，符合句意“我们在采取行动前应该花时间制定计划”，故填action。
4. 空格处需要修饰前面的动词短语know about，需要用副词形式，提示“主要地”的英文是mainly，故填mainly。
5. 此处是固定搭配at birth，意为“出生时”，符合句意“这只熊猫幼崽出生时看起来像一只小白鼠”，故填birth。
6. 句意：猫躺在沙发上，给自己清洗。此处表示动物自身，需要用it的反身代词itself，故填itself。
7. 此处是固定句型It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，需要把名词luck变为形容词lucky，故填lucky。
8. 空格处需要修饰前面的动词developed，要用副词形式，把形容词quick变为副词quickly，故填quickly。
9. 句中and并列前后成分形式要保持一致，前面的running是动名词，所以swim也要变为动名词swimming，故填swimming。
10. 句中后半句的bought是一般过去时，说明前半句的动作也发生在过去，go的一般过去式是went，故填went。
【答案】
1. pollution 2. accept 3. action 4. mainly 5. birth 6. itself 7. lucky 8. quickly 9. swimming 10. went
【知识点】
词性转换、固定短语搭配、动词时态
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础词汇考察题型，覆盖了名词、动词、副词、反身代词、形容词等多种词性的运用，同时涉及常考固定搭配、并列结构一致、一般过去时等核心基础考点，整体难度不高，学生解题时需要注意结合句子语法属性判断所需词形，避免出现词性误用、时态错写的常见错误。
【难度系数】
0.8
五、阅读表达。(共5小题;每小题2分,计10分)
阅读下面的材料,然后根据材料内容回答问题。
A large rose tree stood near the entrance of the garden. The roses growing on it were white, but there were three gardeners in the garden, busily painting them red. Suddenly, their eyes happened to fall upon Alice, as she stood watching them. "Would you tell me, please," said Alice, a little timidly, "why you are painting those roses?"
Five and Seven said nothing, but they looked at Two. Two began, in a low voice, "The fact is, you see, Miss, here should have been a red rose tree, but we put a white one in by mistake, and, if the Queen was to find it out, we should all have our heads cut off, you know. So you see, Miss, we're doing our best, before she comes to—" At this moment, Five, who had been anxiously looking across the garden, called out, "The Queen! The Queen!" and the three gardeners immediately threw themselves flat upon their faces. There was a sound of many footsteps and Alice looked round, eager to see the Queen. First came ten soldiers carrying clubs; they were shaped like flat oblong cards, with their hands and feet at the corners. Next came the ten courtiers; these were the diamonds, adorned all over with diamond patterns. After these came the royal children; there were ten of them, all decorated with hearts. Next came the guests, mostly Kings and Queens, and among them Alice recognized the White Rabbit. Then followed the Knave of Hearts, carrying the King's crown on a crimson velvet cushion, and last of all this grand procession(队伍) came THE KING AND THE QUEEN OF HEARTS. When the procession came opposite to Alice, they all stopped and looked at her, and the Queen said seriously, "Who is this?" She said it to the Knave of Hearts, who only bowed and smiled in reply. "My name is Alice," said Alice very politely.
注:每题答案不超过10个单词。
1. Where did Alice meet the three gardeners?
2. What were the gardeners doing?
3. Who came last of all this grand procession?
4. Who did Alice know in the procession?
5. If you were Alice, would you be afraid of these people?
Why?
•233•
阅读下面的材料,然后根据材料内容回答问题。
A large rose tree stood near the entrance of the garden. The roses growing on it were white, but there were three gardeners in the garden, busily painting them red. Suddenly, their eyes happened to fall upon Alice, as she stood watching them. "Would you tell me, please," said Alice, a little timidly, "why you are painting those roses?"
Five and Seven said nothing, but they looked at Two. Two began, in a low voice, "The fact is, you see, Miss, here should have been a red rose tree, but we put a white one in by mistake, and, if the Queen was to find it out, we should all have our heads cut off, you know. So you see, Miss, we're doing our best, before she comes to—" At this moment, Five, who had been anxiously looking across the garden, called out, "The Queen! The Queen!" and the three gardeners immediately threw themselves flat upon their faces. There was a sound of many footsteps and Alice looked round, eager to see the Queen. First came ten soldiers carrying clubs; they were shaped like flat oblong cards, with their hands and feet at the corners. Next came the ten courtiers; these were the diamonds, adorned all over with diamond patterns. After these came the royal children; there were ten of them, all decorated with hearts. Next came the guests, mostly Kings and Queens, and among them Alice recognized the White Rabbit. Then followed the Knave of Hearts, carrying the King's crown on a crimson velvet cushion, and last of all this grand procession(队伍) came THE KING AND THE QUEEN OF HEARTS. When the procession came opposite to Alice, they all stopped and looked at her, and the Queen said seriously, "Who is this?" She said it to the Knave of Hearts, who only bowed and smiled in reply. "My name is Alice," said Alice very politely.
注:每题答案不超过10个单词。
1. Where did Alice meet the three gardeners?
Near the entrance of the garden.
2. What were the gardeners doing?
They were painting the white roses red.
3. Who came last of all this grand procession?
The King and the Queen of Hearts.
4. Who did Alice know in the procession?
The White Rabbit.
5. If you were Alice, would you be afraid of these people?
Why?
Yes. Because they were the King and the Queen. / No. Because they were only a pack of cards.(答案不唯一)
•233•
答案：五、1. Near the entrance of the garden.
2. They were painting the white roses red.
3. The King and the Queen of Hearts.
4. The White Rabbit.
5. Yes. Because they were the King and the Queen. / No. Because they were only a pack of cards.(答案不唯一)
2. They were painting the white roses red.
3. The King and the Queen of Hearts.
4. The White Rabbit.
5. Yes. Because they were the King and the Queen. / No. Because they were only a pack of cards.(答案不唯一)
解析：
【分析】
这道阅读表达题以细节信息提取为主，最后一题为开放类问答，解题时首先要带着每道题的题干关键词回到原文精准定位：1题抓关键词"meet the three gardeners"找地点相关表述；2题抓关键词"the gardeners doing"找描述园丁动作的内容；3题抓关键词"last of all this grand procession"找队伍末尾的人物；4题抓关键词"Alice know in the procession"找Alice认出的对象；最后一题结合文本内容给出符合逻辑的回答即可，同时要注意题干要求每题答案不超过10个单词，精简提取信息。
【解析】
1. 回到原文第一句可定位到玫瑰树位于花园入口附近，Alice正是在此处看到三个园丁，直接提取地点信息即可。
2. 原文第一段明确提到园丁们正在把白色的玫瑰涂成红色，整合核心动作得到答案。
3. 原文第二段末尾直接点明盛大队伍的最后是红心国王和王后，直接提取对应内容。
4. 原文第二段提到Alice在宾客里认出了白兔，对应题干要求的她认识的人。
5. 本题为开放性试题，两种立场均可，只要理由符合文本逻辑、字数符合要求即可，合理表述均可得分。
【答案】
1. Near the entrance of the garden.
2. They were painting the white roses red.
3. The King and the Queen of Hearts.
4. The White Rabbit.
5. Yes. Because they were the King and the Queen. / No. Because they were only a pack of cards.(答案不唯一)
【知识点】
细节信息定位，文本信息提取，开放类表达
【点评】
本题选材出自经典童话《爱丽丝梦游仙境》，内容趣味性强，前4道题均为原文直接可查的细节题，难度很低，仅最后一道开放题需要学生结合文本内容自主组织简短表述，答题时注意严格遵守答案不超过10个单词的要求即可。
【难度系数】
0.9
这道阅读表达题以细节信息提取为主，最后一题为开放类问答，解题时首先要带着每道题的题干关键词回到原文精准定位：1题抓关键词"meet the three gardeners"找地点相关表述；2题抓关键词"the gardeners doing"找描述园丁动作的内容；3题抓关键词"last of all this grand procession"找队伍末尾的人物；4题抓关键词"Alice know in the procession"找Alice认出的对象；最后一题结合文本内容给出符合逻辑的回答即可，同时要注意题干要求每题答案不超过10个单词，精简提取信息。
【解析】
1. 回到原文第一句可定位到玫瑰树位于花园入口附近，Alice正是在此处看到三个园丁，直接提取地点信息即可。
2. 原文第一段明确提到园丁们正在把白色的玫瑰涂成红色，整合核心动作得到答案。
3. 原文第二段末尾直接点明盛大队伍的最后是红心国王和王后，直接提取对应内容。
4. 原文第二段提到Alice在宾客里认出了白兔，对应题干要求的她认识的人。
5. 本题为开放性试题，两种立场均可，只要理由符合文本逻辑、字数符合要求即可，合理表述均可得分。
【答案】
1. Near the entrance of the garden.
2. They were painting the white roses red.
3. The King and the Queen of Hearts.
4. The White Rabbit.
5. Yes. Because they were the King and the Queen. / No. Because they were only a pack of cards.(答案不唯一)
【知识点】
细节信息定位，文本信息提取，开放类表达
【点评】
本题选材出自经典童话《爱丽丝梦游仙境》，内容趣味性强，前4道题均为原文直接可查的细节题，难度很低，仅最后一道开放题需要学生结合文本内容自主组织简短表述，答题时注意严格遵守答案不超过10个单词的要求即可。
【难度系数】
0.9