1. 计算:
(1)$(5x+y)(5x-y)$;
(2)$(-1+3x)(-3x-1)$;
(3)$(-2b-7)(2b-7)$;
(4)$201×199$;
(5)$2003^2 - 1997^2$;
(6)$100^2 - 103×97$;
(7)$(x-3)(x+3)+x(2-x)$;
(8)$(3x+y)(y-3x)-4y(x-y)$;
(9)$x(x+1)-(x-12)(x+12)$;
(10)$(x-2)(x+8)-(3x+4)(3x-4)$;
(11)$(x-2y)(x^2+4y^2)(x+2y)$;
(12)$(x-2)(x+2)(x^2-4)$。
(1)$(5x+y)(5x-y)$;
(2)$(-1+3x)(-3x-1)$;
(3)$(-2b-7)(2b-7)$;
(4)$201×199$;
(5)$2003^2 - 1997^2$;
(6)$100^2 - 103×97$;
(7)$(x-3)(x+3)+x(2-x)$;
(8)$(3x+y)(y-3x)-4y(x-y)$;
(9)$x(x+1)-(x-12)(x+12)$;
(10)$(x-2)(x+8)-(3x+4)(3x-4)$;
(11)$(x-2y)(x^2+4y^2)(x+2y)$;
(12)$(x-2)(x+2)(x^2-4)$。
答案:(1)原式=$(5x)^2-y^2=25x^2-y^2$.
(2)原式=$(-1)^2-(3x)^2=1-9x^2$.
(3)原式=$(-7)^2-(2b)^2=49-4b^2$.
(4)原式=$(200+1)(200-1)=200^2-1=40000-1=39999$.
(5)原式=$(2003+1997)(2003-1997)=4000×6=24000$.
(6)原式=$100^2-(100+3)(100-3)=100^2-(100^2-3^2)=9$.
(7)原式=$x^2-9+2x-x^2=2x-9$.
(8)原式=$y^2-(3x)^2-4xy+4y^2=y^2-9x^2-4xy+4y^2=5y^2-9x^2-4xy$.
(9)原式=$x^2+x-x^2+144=x+144$.
(10)原式=$x^2+6x-16-9x^2+16=-8x^2+6x$.
(11)原式=$(x-2y)(x+2y)(x^2+4y^2)=(x^2-4y^2)(x^2+4y^2)=x^4-16y^4$.
(12)原式=$(x^2-4)(x^2-4)=x^4-8x^2+16$.
(2)原式=$(-1)^2-(3x)^2=1-9x^2$.
(3)原式=$(-7)^2-(2b)^2=49-4b^2$.
(4)原式=$(200+1)(200-1)=200^2-1=40000-1=39999$.
(5)原式=$(2003+1997)(2003-1997)=4000×6=24000$.
(6)原式=$100^2-(100+3)(100-3)=100^2-(100^2-3^2)=9$.
(7)原式=$x^2-9+2x-x^2=2x-9$.
(8)原式=$y^2-(3x)^2-4xy+4y^2=y^2-9x^2-4xy+4y^2=5y^2-9x^2-4xy$.
(9)原式=$x^2+x-x^2+144=x+144$.
(10)原式=$x^2+6x-16-9x^2+16=-8x^2+6x$.
(11)原式=$(x-2y)(x+2y)(x^2+4y^2)=(x^2-4y^2)(x^2+4y^2)=x^4-16y^4$.
(12)原式=$(x^2-4)(x^2-4)=x^4-8x^2+16$.
2.已知$m+n=7,m-n=3$,求代数式$m^2-n^2$的值.
答案:解:$\because m+n=7,m-n=3$,
$\therefore m^2-n^2=(m+n)(m-n)=7×3=21$.
$\therefore m^2-n^2=(m+n)(m-n)=7×3=21$.