三、阅读理解（16分）
A
（
A. She has no close friend and often feels lonely.
B. She hurt her friend Sandy and doesn't know what to do.
C. She fought with her friends Sandy and Lucy.
D. Her good friend Lucy told her secret to Sandy.
（
A. Angry. B. Bored. C. Sorry. D. Happy.
（
A. When you apologize, you need to be sincere.
B. Amy has no courage to say sorry to Lucy face to face.
C. We should think it over again and again after we apologize.
D. Don't say sorry to someone if he or she doesn't accept your apology.
（
A. Say "that's OK" to someone. B. Give money to someone.
C. Feel sorry for someone. D. Ask for help from someone.
B
A
（
B
）1. What's Elizabeth's problem?A. She has no close friend and often feels lonely.
B. She hurt her friend Sandy and doesn't know what to do.
C. She fought with her friends Sandy and Lucy.
D. Her good friend Lucy told her secret to Sandy.
（
C
）2. How does Elizabeth feel now?A. Angry. B. Bored. C. Sorry. D. Happy.
（
A
）3. Which of the following is TRUE according to (根据) Amy's reply?A. When you apologize, you need to be sincere.
B. Amy has no courage to say sorry to Lucy face to face.
C. We should think it over again and again after we apologize.
D. Don't say sorry to someone if he or she doesn't accept your apology.
（
A
）4. What does the underlined word "forgive" mean?A. Say "that's OK" to someone. B. Give money to someone.
C. Feel sorry for someone. D. Ask for help from someone.
B
答案：1. B
2. C
3. A
4. A
2. C
3. A
4. A
解析：
【分析】
1. 第1题：需定位Elizabeth的问题，从Elizabeth写给Amy的信中找到关键句“I think I hurt my friend Sandy. ... What should I do?”，匹配选项即可得出答案。
2. 第2题：查找Elizabeth的感受，从信中“I am really sorry”可知她的情绪，对应选项。
3. 第3题：需逐一核对Amy的建议内容，看选项与原文是否一致：A选项对应“Make a sincere apology”；B选项原文未提及Amy的情况；C选项与“Don't think it over again and again after you apologize”相悖；D选项与“even if your friend doesn't accept it”相悖，据此选正确项。
4. 第4题：词义猜测题，结合上下文“it takes time to forgive someone else”（朋友生气后需要时间原谅），分析选项，A选项“对某人说‘没关系’”符合forgive的含义。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据Elizabeth的信，她伤害了朋友Sandy，不知该怎么办，对应选项B，A（无亲密朋友）、C（打架）、D（Lucy告诉Sandy秘密）均与原文不符，故选B。
2. 第2题：信中明确提到“I am really sorry”，说明Elizabeth感到抱歉，对应选项C，A（生气）、B（无聊）、D（开心）均不符合，故选C。
3. 第3题：A选项对应Amy建议的“Make a sincere apology”，正确；B选项原文未提及Amy的情况，错误；C选项与Amy说的“不要反复想”相悖，错误；D选项与“即使朋友不接受也要道歉”相悖，错误，故选A。
4. 第4题：结合语境，朋友生气后需要时间原谅，forgive意为“原谅”，A选项“对某人说‘没关系’”符合，B（给钱）、C（为某人难过）、D（求助）均不符，故选A。
【答案】
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测
【点评】
本题为基础英语阅读理解题，主要考查学生快速定位细节信息和猜测词义的能力，题目设置贴近原文，难度较低，适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.8
1. 第1题：需定位Elizabeth的问题，从Elizabeth写给Amy的信中找到关键句“I think I hurt my friend Sandy. ... What should I do?”，匹配选项即可得出答案。
2. 第2题：查找Elizabeth的感受，从信中“I am really sorry”可知她的情绪，对应选项。
3. 第3题：需逐一核对Amy的建议内容，看选项与原文是否一致：A选项对应“Make a sincere apology”；B选项原文未提及Amy的情况；C选项与“Don't think it over again and again after you apologize”相悖；D选项与“even if your friend doesn't accept it”相悖，据此选正确项。
4. 第4题：词义猜测题，结合上下文“it takes time to forgive someone else”（朋友生气后需要时间原谅），分析选项，A选项“对某人说‘没关系’”符合forgive的含义。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据Elizabeth的信，她伤害了朋友Sandy，不知该怎么办，对应选项B，A（无亲密朋友）、C（打架）、D（Lucy告诉Sandy秘密）均与原文不符，故选B。
2. 第2题：信中明确提到“I am really sorry”，说明Elizabeth感到抱歉，对应选项C，A（生气）、B（无聊）、D（开心）均不符合，故选C。
3. 第3题：A选项对应Amy建议的“Make a sincere apology”，正确；B选项原文未提及Amy的情况，错误；C选项与Amy说的“不要反复想”相悖，错误；D选项与“即使朋友不接受也要道歉”相悖，错误，故选A。
4. 第4题：结合语境，朋友生气后需要时间原谅，forgive意为“原谅”，A选项“对某人说‘没关系’”符合，B（给钱）、C（为某人难过）、D（求助）均不符，故选A。
【答案】
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测
【点评】
本题为基础英语阅读理解题，主要考查学生快速定位细节信息和猜测词义的能力，题目设置贴近原文，难度较低，适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.8
In recent years, companies have begun to design robots as toys for children. These toys have become so popular that people are worried about the effects（影响）of friendships between robots and children.
In 1940, Isaac Asimov wrote a story called Robbie. In the story, a girl made friends with a robot and her mother was worried about their friendship. At the end of the story, the robot saved the girl's life and her mother changed her ideas on the robot. In real life, there are also
different ideas about humans being friends with robots.
Some people are worried because children might believe that robots are humans, not machines. It may seem strange that we can make friends with a machine, but just think of the friendly robots in science fiction（科幻小说）, from WALL-E to R2-D2. Could close relationships with a robot confuse（迷惑）children?
Some people think it's possible. In the past, children would play with lifeless toys. But today's robots are designed to express feelings in a human way, and some are able to play with children. When children say they don't want to play, the robots will show their sadness. Also, they show ▲ when they do well in games.
In fact, there's a real danger that humans forget that robots are not humans. In an experiment（实验）, researchers in Germany invited 89 people to interact（互动）with a robot and then turn it off. When they finished the interaction, the robot asked half of the people not to turn it off. These people hesitated（犹豫）before they did so and 13 of them agreed to keep it on!
Sometimes robots may make good friends for us. But let's not forget—they aren't living beings and they don't have feelings. At least, not yet.
（
A. Because Robbie wrote a story.
B. Because Robbie played with her.
C. Because Robbie expressed feelings.
D. Because Robbie saved her child.
（
A. Brave.
B. Honest.
C. Friendly.
D. Humorous.
（
A. sadness
B. happiness
C. calmness
D. kindness
（
A. To tell us not to treat robots as humans.
B. To advise us to make friends with robots.
C. To ask us to read science fiction about robots.
D. To ask us to let robots do dangerous work.
In 1940, Isaac Asimov wrote a story called Robbie. In the story, a girl made friends with a robot and her mother was worried about their friendship. At the end of the story, the robot saved the girl's life and her mother changed her ideas on the robot. In real life, there are also
different ideas about humans being friends with robots.
Some people are worried because children might believe that robots are humans, not machines. It may seem strange that we can make friends with a machine, but just think of the friendly robots in science fiction（科幻小说）, from WALL-E to R2-D2. Could close relationships with a robot confuse（迷惑）children?
Some people think it's possible. In the past, children would play with lifeless toys. But today's robots are designed to express feelings in a human way, and some are able to play with children. When children say they don't want to play, the robots will show their sadness. Also, they show ▲ when they do well in games.
In fact, there's a real danger that humans forget that robots are not humans. In an experiment（实验）, researchers in Germany invited 89 people to interact（互动）with a robot and then turn it off. When they finished the interaction, the robot asked half of the people not to turn it off. These people hesitated（犹豫）before they did so and 13 of them agreed to keep it on!
Sometimes robots may make good friends for us. But let's not forget—they aren't living beings and they don't have feelings. At least, not yet.
（
D
）5. Why did the mother change her ideas about Robbie?A. Because Robbie wrote a story.
B. Because Robbie played with her.
C. Because Robbie expressed feelings.
D. Because Robbie saved her child.
（
C
）6. What does the writer think of the robots like WALL-E and R2-D2?A. Brave.
B. Honest.
C. Friendly.
D. Humorous.
（
B
）7. Which of the following can be filled in the " ▲ " in Paragraph 4?A. sadness
B. happiness
C. calmness
D. kindness
（
A
）8. Why does the writer write the passage?A. To tell us not to treat robots as humans.
B. To advise us to make friends with robots.
C. To ask us to read science fiction about robots.
D. To ask us to let robots do dangerous work.
答案：5. D
6. C
7. B
8. A
6. C
7. B
8. A
解析：
【分析】这是一篇关于机器人与儿童关系的英语阅读理解题，解题思路为：先通读全文把握大意，再针对各题目定位原文对应内容：第5题是细节理解题，需定位妈妈改变想法的原因；第6题是细节理解题，需找WALL-E和R2-D2的特点；第7题是词义猜测题，需结合上下文判断空格处的情绪；第8题是主旨大意题，需归纳作者的写作目的。
【解析】
5. 细节理解题：定位原文第二段最后一句“At the end of the story, the robot saved the girl's life and her mother changed her ideas on the robot.”，可知妈妈改变想法是因为机器人救了她的孩子，故选D。
6. 细节理解题：定位原文第三段“just think of the friendly robots in science fiction, from WALL-E to R2-D2.”，可知作者认为这两个机器人是友好的，故选C。
7. 词义猜测题：根据第四段“the robots will show their sadness when children say they don't want to play”，可知机器人在孩子不玩时表现悲伤，那么游戏中表现好时应表现开心，结合选项，故选B。
8. 主旨大意题：通读全文，重点看最后一段“they aren't living beings and they don't have feelings”，可知作者的写作目的是提醒人们不要把机器人当作人类，故选A。
【答案】5.D
6.C
7.B
8.A
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】本题围绕机器人与儿童的关系展开，考察学生的信息定位、细节理解和主旨归纳能力，题目难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固阅读技巧。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】
5. 细节理解题：定位原文第二段最后一句“At the end of the story, the robot saved the girl's life and her mother changed her ideas on the robot.”，可知妈妈改变想法是因为机器人救了她的孩子，故选D。
6. 细节理解题：定位原文第三段“just think of the friendly robots in science fiction, from WALL-E to R2-D2.”，可知作者认为这两个机器人是友好的，故选C。
7. 词义猜测题：根据第四段“the robots will show their sadness when children say they don't want to play”，可知机器人在孩子不玩时表现悲伤，那么游戏中表现好时应表现开心，结合选项，故选B。
8. 主旨大意题：通读全文，重点看最后一段“they aren't living beings and they don't have feelings”，可知作者的写作目的是提醒人们不要把机器人当作人类，故选A。
【答案】5.D
6.C
7.B
8.A
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】本题围绕机器人与儿童的关系展开，考察学生的信息定位、细节理解和主旨归纳能力，题目难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固阅读技巧。
【难度系数】0.6