三、阅读理解（16分）
（A）
BEAT THE EXTREME(极端的) HEAT
Heat-related deaths(死亡) can be prevented.
（
A. An old man in a park. B. A disabled (残疾的)woman in a house.
C. A child in a classroom. D. An outdoor worker at a construction place.
（
(Outside Temperature: 27℃)
（
A. tell people not to stay in the car B. tell people the cause of extreme heat
C. sell light-weight clothes D. teach how to prevent heat-related deaths
B
（A）
BEAT THE EXTREME(极端的) HEAT
Heat-related deaths(死亡) can be prevented.
（
D
）1. Which situation is the most dangerous according to the material?A. An old man in a park. B. A disabled (残疾的)woman in a house.
C. A child in a classroom. D. An outdoor worker at a construction place.
（
C
）2. Which one can show the relationship between time and the temperature in a car?(Outside Temperature: 27℃)
（
D
）3. The writer writes the material to .A. tell people not to stay in the car B. tell people the cause of extreme heat
C. sell light-weight clothes D. teach how to prevent heat-related deaths
B
答案：1. D
2. C
3. D
2. C
3. D
解析：
【分析】本题为英语阅读理解题，需结合材料主题和各题问题逐一分析：第1题问最危险的情况，材料主题是对抗极端高温，户外高温环境下的人群受影响更大，建筑工地的户外工人暴露时间长，最危险；第2题考查车内温度随时间的变化，车内温度会随时间升高，对应选项C；第3题问写作目的，材料开头点明高温相关死亡可预防，整体围绕预防展开，选D。
【解析】1. 材料主题为对抗极端高温，户外环境下人群受高温影响更大。选项中，建筑工地的户外工人长时间暴露在极端高温中，比公园老人、屋内残疾女性、教室孩子更危险，故选D。
2. 当外界温度为27℃时，密闭车内的温度会随时间推移持续上升，符合这一关系的是选项C。
3. 材料开篇提到“Heat-related deaths can be prevented”，全文围绕如何预防高温相关死亡展开，因此作者的写作目的是教人们预防高温相关死亡，故选D。
【答案】1.D 2.C 3.D
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】本题考查英语阅读理解的细节理解和主旨大意，需学生结合材料内容分析选项，难度适中，适合中等水平学生作答。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】1. 材料主题为对抗极端高温，户外环境下人群受高温影响更大。选项中，建筑工地的户外工人长时间暴露在极端高温中，比公园老人、屋内残疾女性、教室孩子更危险，故选D。
2. 当外界温度为27℃时，密闭车内的温度会随时间推移持续上升，符合这一关系的是选项C。
3. 材料开篇提到“Heat-related deaths can be prevented”，全文围绕如何预防高温相关死亡展开，因此作者的写作目的是教人们预防高温相关死亡，故选D。
【答案】1.D 2.C 3.D
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】本题考查英语阅读理解的细节理解和主旨大意，需学生结合材料内容分析选项，难度适中，适合中等水平学生作答。
【难度系数】0.5
The United Nations decided that 2025 is the year of glacier（冰川）protection. It set March 21, 2025, as the first World Day for Glaciers. This event encouraged people to save glaciers.
What are glaciers?
You can imagine glaciers as slowly moving ice and snow on land. Over time, the snow adds up and turns into glacier ice. Glaciers have shaped mountains over the earth’s history. They are still moving and changing land in many places today.
▲
Glaciers are not just needed for the land. When glaciers melt, the nutrients（养料）from the water are good for life in rivers and oceans. In some places, glaciers provide water for people and animals. Glaciers in the world cover 10 per cent of the land. They also hold 70 per cent of the earth’s fresh water. In areas like the Himalayas, many people need glacier water to live. This water fills big rivers, such as the Indus, Ganges and Brahmaputra.
Why are glaciers disappearing（消失）?
Climate change is leading to serious problems for glaciers. Many glaciers have disappeared. The atmosphere（大气层）around the earth is like the glass of a greenhouse, letting sunlight in and keeping most heat from getting out. This makes the earth warm enough for life. But when we burn wood and coal, we produce a gas called carbon dioxide. Too much of this gas pollutes the atmosphere and causes it to keep in too much heat. As the earth’s temperature is increasing, glaciers melt faster.
The influence（影响）of glaciers disappearing.
If glaciers disappear, there will be less water for us to drink and farm, while floods may happen more often. Mountains with glaciers are home to special ecosystems and a large number of animals. As temperatures rise and glaciers melt, they are not fit for these living things.
（
A. They are made of icy ocean water. B. They disappear completely in summer.
C. They move slowly and change the land. D. They are mainly on high mountain tops.
（
A. When do glaciers melt? B. Why are glaciers important?
C. How many glaciers are there in all? D. What will happen to glaciers?
（
A.
B. C. D.
（
A. There will be more drinking water. B. There will be fewer floods than before.
C. Plants and animals will be in trouble. D. The water will be better for farming.
（
A. To call for actions to protect glaciers. B. To record glacier movement.
C. To introduce some facts about glaciers.
D. To show how glaciers shaped mountains.
What are glaciers?
You can imagine glaciers as slowly moving ice and snow on land. Over time, the snow adds up and turns into glacier ice. Glaciers have shaped mountains over the earth’s history. They are still moving and changing land in many places today.
▲
Glaciers are not just needed for the land. When glaciers melt, the nutrients（养料）from the water are good for life in rivers and oceans. In some places, glaciers provide water for people and animals. Glaciers in the world cover 10 per cent of the land. They also hold 70 per cent of the earth’s fresh water. In areas like the Himalayas, many people need glacier water to live. This water fills big rivers, such as the Indus, Ganges and Brahmaputra.
Why are glaciers disappearing（消失）?
Climate change is leading to serious problems for glaciers. Many glaciers have disappeared. The atmosphere（大气层）around the earth is like the glass of a greenhouse, letting sunlight in and keeping most heat from getting out. This makes the earth warm enough for life. But when we burn wood and coal, we produce a gas called carbon dioxide. Too much of this gas pollutes the atmosphere and causes it to keep in too much heat. As the earth’s temperature is increasing, glaciers melt faster.
The influence（影响）of glaciers disappearing.
If glaciers disappear, there will be less water for us to drink and farm, while floods may happen more often. Mountains with glaciers are home to special ecosystems and a large number of animals. As temperatures rise and glaciers melt, they are not fit for these living things.
（
C
）4. What can we know about glaciers in Paragraph 2?A. They are made of icy ocean water. B. They disappear completely in summer.
C. They move slowly and change the land. D. They are mainly on high mountain tops.
（
B
）5. Which sentence can be put in the blank “▲”?A. When do glaciers melt? B. Why are glaciers important?
C. How many glaciers are there in all? D. What will happen to glaciers?
（
D
）6. How does the atmosphere deal with sunlight according to the passage?A.
B. C. D.（
C
）7. What will happen if glaciers disappear?A. There will be more drinking water. B. There will be fewer floods than before.
C. Plants and animals will be in trouble. D. The water will be better for farming.
（
A
）8. What is the main purpose（目的）of the text?A. To call for actions to protect glaciers. B. To record glacier movement.
C. To introduce some facts about glaciers.
D. To show how glaciers shaped mountains.
答案：4. C
5. B
6. D
7. C
8. A
5. B
6. D
7. C
8. A
解析：
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需结合原文信息逐一分析各题目：
1. 第4题：定位第二段关于冰川的描述，匹配选项内容；
2. 第5题：分析空白后段落的核心内容，确定段落主题；
3. 第6题：根据原文对大气层作用的描述，匹配对应插图；
4. 第7题：定位冰川消失影响的段落，筛选正确选项；
5. 第8题：结合文章开头主旨，判断作者写作目的。
【解析】
4. 细节理解题：第二段提到“glaciers as slowly moving ice and snow on land”和“still moving and changing land in many places today”，说明冰川缓慢移动且改变陆地，对应选项C；A项“海洋水”错误，B项“夏天完全消失”未提及，D项“主要在山顶”未提及，故选C。
5. 推理判断题：空白后段落主要讲述冰川融化提供养分、水源、占淡水比例等，核心是冰川的重要性，对应选项B；A项“融化时间”、C项“数量”、D项“未来状况”均不符合段落主题，故选B。
6. 细节理解题：原文说明大气层像温室玻璃，让阳光进入、阻止大部分热量散失，对应插图D（太阳的光和热进入地球，地球向外散失的热量少），故选D。
7. 细节理解题：最后一段提到冰川消失后“not fit for these living things”，说明动植物会陷入困境，对应选项C；A、B、D均与原文“更少饮用水、更多洪水、不利于农业”相反，故选C。
8. 主旨大意题：文章开头提到联合国设立冰川保护年，鼓励人们拯救冰川，整体目的是呼吁保护冰川，对应选项A；B项“记录运动”、C项“介绍事实”、D项“塑造山脉”均非核心目的，故选A。
【答案】
4.C 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解、阅读理解主旨大意、阅读理解推理判断
【点评】
本题围绕冰川保护展开，涵盖细节查找、段落逻辑分析、主旨判断等题型，需学生精准定位原文信息，理解文章结构，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语阅读理解题，需结合原文信息逐一分析各题目：
1. 第4题：定位第二段关于冰川的描述，匹配选项内容；
2. 第5题：分析空白后段落的核心内容，确定段落主题；
3. 第6题：根据原文对大气层作用的描述，匹配对应插图；
4. 第7题：定位冰川消失影响的段落，筛选正确选项；
5. 第8题：结合文章开头主旨，判断作者写作目的。
【解析】
4. 细节理解题：第二段提到“glaciers as slowly moving ice and snow on land”和“still moving and changing land in many places today”，说明冰川缓慢移动且改变陆地，对应选项C；A项“海洋水”错误，B项“夏天完全消失”未提及，D项“主要在山顶”未提及，故选C。
5. 推理判断题：空白后段落主要讲述冰川融化提供养分、水源、占淡水比例等，核心是冰川的重要性，对应选项B；A项“融化时间”、C项“数量”、D项“未来状况”均不符合段落主题，故选B。
6. 细节理解题：原文说明大气层像温室玻璃，让阳光进入、阻止大部分热量散失，对应插图D（太阳的光和热进入地球，地球向外散失的热量少），故选D。
7. 细节理解题：最后一段提到冰川消失后“not fit for these living things”，说明动植物会陷入困境，对应选项C；A、B、D均与原文“更少饮用水、更多洪水、不利于农业”相反，故选C。
8. 主旨大意题：文章开头提到联合国设立冰川保护年，鼓励人们拯救冰川，整体目的是呼吁保护冰川，对应选项A；B项“记录运动”、C项“介绍事实”、D项“塑造山脉”均非核心目的，故选A。
【答案】
4.C 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解、阅读理解主旨大意、阅读理解推理判断
【点评】
本题围绕冰川保护展开，涵盖细节查找、段落逻辑分析、主旨判断等题型，需学生精准定位原文信息，理解文章结构，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6