一、词汇运用
1. A positive and strong
2. I fear that my bad choices and lazy actions have
3. As we all know, top
4. The team kept practising for months and finally achieved the
5. The doctors are
6. These old
7.
8. She gathered all her energy and rushed bravely towards the
1. A positive and strong
self
(自我)can help you get through tough times.2. I fear that my bad choices and lazy actions have
disappointed
(使……失望)my parents.3. As we all know, top
gymnasts
(体操运动员)usually start their training as early as they are four years old.4. The team kept practising for months and finally achieved the
victory
(胜利).5. The doctors are
performing
(perform) an operation on the seriously wounded man now.6. These old
diaries
(diary) tell us about the famous musician's family life in the past.7.
Whatever
(what) information you have about the case, tell the police.8. She gathered all her energy and rushed bravely towards the
finishing
(finish) line.答案：1. self
2. disappointed
3. gymnasts
4. victory
5. performing
6. diaries
7. Whatever
8. finishing
2. disappointed
3. gymnasts
4. victory
5. performing
6. diaries
7. Whatever
8. finishing
解析：
【分析】
本题为英语词汇运用题，需结合词性、时态、名词数、固定搭配及代词用法等知识解题：1. 空格前有形容词修饰，需填对应“自我”的名词；2. 现在完成时结构为have+过去分词，需填“使……失望”的过去分词；3. 表示一类人用名词复数，需填“体操运动员”的复数形式；4. 需填名词构成固定搭配“取得胜利”；5. 句中now提示为现在进行时，需填动词的现在分词；6. these后接名词复数，需对diary进行复数变形；7. 需修饰名词information表示“无论什么”，用对应代词；8. 固定搭配“终点线”需用动名词作定语。
【解析】
1. 空格处需名词作主语，“自我”的英文名词为self；
2. 句子为现在完成时，结构为have+过去分词，“使……失望”的过去分词是disappointed；
3. top后接名词复数表示一类人，“体操运动员”的复数形式为gymnasts；
4. 固定搭配achieve victory意为“取得胜利”，需填名词victory；
5. now提示为现在进行时，结构为are+现在分词，perform的现在分词为performing；
6. these后接名词复数，diary以辅音字母+y结尾，变复数需改y为i加es，即diaries；
7. 此处需修饰名词information表示“无论什么”，用代词Whatever；
8. 固定搭配finishing line意为“终点线”，需用动名词finishing作定语。
【答案】
1. self
2. disappointed
3. gymnasts
4. victory
5. performing
6. diaries
7. Whatever
8. finishing
【知识点】
名词的用法、动词时态、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇的运用，涉及词性变化、时态、名词数、固定搭配等核心知识点，侧重考查学生对基础词汇和语法规则的掌握，是英语学习中的常见基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语词汇运用题，需结合词性、时态、名词数、固定搭配及代词用法等知识解题：1. 空格前有形容词修饰，需填对应“自我”的名词；2. 现在完成时结构为have+过去分词，需填“使……失望”的过去分词；3. 表示一类人用名词复数，需填“体操运动员”的复数形式；4. 需填名词构成固定搭配“取得胜利”；5. 句中now提示为现在进行时，需填动词的现在分词；6. these后接名词复数，需对diary进行复数变形；7. 需修饰名词information表示“无论什么”，用对应代词；8. 固定搭配“终点线”需用动名词作定语。
【解析】
1. 空格处需名词作主语，“自我”的英文名词为self；
2. 句子为现在完成时，结构为have+过去分词，“使……失望”的过去分词是disappointed；
3. top后接名词复数表示一类人，“体操运动员”的复数形式为gymnasts；
4. 固定搭配achieve victory意为“取得胜利”，需填名词victory；
5. now提示为现在进行时，结构为are+现在分词，perform的现在分词为performing；
6. these后接名词复数，diary以辅音字母+y结尾，变复数需改y为i加es，即diaries；
7. 此处需修饰名词information表示“无论什么”，用代词Whatever；
8. 固定搭配finishing line意为“终点线”，需用动名词finishing作定语。
【答案】
1. self
2. disappointed
3. gymnasts
4. victory
5. performing
6. diaries
7. Whatever
8. finishing
【知识点】
名词的用法、动词时态、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇的运用，涉及词性变化、时态、名词数、固定搭配等核心知识点，侧重考查学生对基础词汇和语法规则的掌握，是英语学习中的常见基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
二、从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在横线上填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次
inspire what yet fair play take away
Li Duan is a highly respected Chinese Paralympic athlete. He was once a promising basketball player, but a terrible accident 1.
You can hardly imagine what difficulties he has getting through the tough times. He always stays positive in his training and life. On the sports field, 3.
Li Duan is considered a role model to all the young people. From him, we can know that courage and a strong will matter more than anything else. 5.
inspire what yet fair play take away
Li Duan is a highly respected Chinese Paralympic athlete. He was once a promising basketball player, but a terrible accident 1.
took away
his eyesight. Many people thought such difficulty would stop him from achieving his dreams. 2. Yet
surprisingly, Li Duan never gave in.You can hardly imagine what difficulties he has getting through the tough times. He always stays positive in his training and life. On the sports field, 3.
fair play
matters most to him. He respects every rule, every opponent (对手) and every coach's guidance. Through his efforts, he has won several Paralympic gold medals and even set world records. This spirit is really 4. inspiring
to people around him.Li Duan is considered a role model to all the young people. From him, we can know that courage and a strong will matter more than anything else. 5.
Whatever
challenges we face, we should stick to our goal at all times.答案：1. took away
2. Yet
3. fair play
4. inspiring
5. Whatever
2. Yet
3. fair play
4. inspiring
5. Whatever
解析：
【分析】
这是一道英语选词填空题，解题思路如下：1. 通读全文，明确文章主旨（残奥运动员李端身残志坚的故事）；2. 逐个分析每个空格的句子语境，确定所需词汇的词义、词性及形式；3. 结合方框内的备选词（inspire、what、yet、fair play、take away），选择匹配的词汇并调整形式（如时态、词性转换）；4. 验证每个词汇仅使用一次，确保填入后语句通顺、符合逻辑。
【解析】
1. 第一空：句意为“一场可怕的事故夺走了他的视力”，备选短语take away表示“夺走”，描述过去发生的动作，故用过去式took away。
2. 第二空：前句提到人们认为困难会阻碍他，后句说他从未放弃，存在转折关系，备选词yet作副词表“然而”，符合语境，置于句首首字母大写，直接使用。
3. 第三空：后文提到他尊重规则、对手和教练指导，体现“公平竞争”的理念，备选短语fair play（公平竞争）符合句意，直接使用。
4. 第四空：句意为“这种精神对周围的人是鼓舞人心的”，备选动词inspire需转换为形容词inspiring（令人鼓舞的），作表语，符合语法要求。
5. 第五空：句意为“无论我们面对什么挑战，都要坚持目标”，备选词what不符合让步语境，需用whatever（无论什么）引导让步状语从句，符合句意。
【答案】
1. took away
2. Yet
3. fair play
4. inspiring
5. Whatever
【知识点】
选词填空、词汇形式变化、语境理解
【点评】
本题考查学生对英语词汇的掌握及语境运用能力，需结合句意、语法规则和词汇搭配选择正确形式，难度适中，是初中英语常见题型，只要理清每个空的逻辑和语法要求即可顺利解答。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一道英语选词填空题，解题思路如下：1. 通读全文，明确文章主旨（残奥运动员李端身残志坚的故事）；2. 逐个分析每个空格的句子语境，确定所需词汇的词义、词性及形式；3. 结合方框内的备选词（inspire、what、yet、fair play、take away），选择匹配的词汇并调整形式（如时态、词性转换）；4. 验证每个词汇仅使用一次，确保填入后语句通顺、符合逻辑。
【解析】
1. 第一空：句意为“一场可怕的事故夺走了他的视力”，备选短语take away表示“夺走”，描述过去发生的动作，故用过去式took away。
2. 第二空：前句提到人们认为困难会阻碍他，后句说他从未放弃，存在转折关系，备选词yet作副词表“然而”，符合语境，置于句首首字母大写，直接使用。
3. 第三空：后文提到他尊重规则、对手和教练指导，体现“公平竞争”的理念，备选短语fair play（公平竞争）符合句意，直接使用。
4. 第四空：句意为“这种精神对周围的人是鼓舞人心的”，备选动词inspire需转换为形容词inspiring（令人鼓舞的），作表语，符合语法要求。
5. 第五空：句意为“无论我们面对什么挑战，都要坚持目标”，备选词what不符合让步语境，需用whatever（无论什么）引导让步状语从句，符合句意。
【答案】
1. took away
2. Yet
3. fair play
4. inspiring
5. Whatever
【知识点】
选词填空、词汇形式变化、语境理解
【点评】
本题考查学生对英语词汇的掌握及语境运用能力，需结合句意、语法规则和词汇搭配选择正确形式，难度适中，是初中英语常见题型，只要理清每个空的逻辑和语法要求即可顺利解答。
【难度系数】
0.6
(
— Thanks. We will hold a party to celebrate the
A.symbol
B.memory
C.victory
D.agreement
C
) 1. — Congratulations! You won the first prize in the match.— Thanks. We will hold a party to celebrate the
victory
of our team. Will you join us?A.symbol
B.memory
C.victory
D.agreement
答案：1.C
解析：
【分析】首先理解对话语境：对方祝贺赢得比赛一等奖，答句提到要办派对庆祝团队的某事物，需辨析四个选项的词义，结合语境选出符合逻辑的名词。
【解析】先分析各选项词义：A选项symbol意为“象征”；B选项memory意为“记忆”；C选项victory意为“胜利”；D选项agreement意为“协议”。根据前文“won the first prize in the match（赢得比赛一等奖）”可知，此处应是庆祝团队的胜利，因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】名词词义辨析
【点评】本题考查名词词义在具体语境中的运用，需结合对话逻辑判断合适的词汇，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】先分析各选项词义：A选项symbol意为“象征”；B选项memory意为“记忆”；C选项victory意为“胜利”；D选项agreement意为“协议”。根据前文“won the first prize in the match（赢得比赛一等奖）”可知，此处应是庆祝团队的胜利，因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】名词词义辨析
【点评】本题考查名词词义在具体语境中的运用，需结合对话逻辑判断合适的词汇，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.7
（
— Actions speak louder than words. You shouldn't
A.challenge
B.disappoint
C.doubt
D.admire
B
）2. — I have promised Mum that I will help with chores this weekend.— Actions speak louder than words. You shouldn't
disappoint
her again.A.challenge
B.disappoint
C.doubt
D.admire
答案：2.B
解析：
【分析】首先理解对话语境：一方承诺妈妈周末做家务，另一方用“行动胜于言语”提醒要兑现承诺，因此空格处需表达“不让妈妈失望”的含义。接着辨析各选项动词的词义，排除不符合语境的选项，选出正确答案。
【解析】先翻译对话：“——我答应妈妈这周末会帮忙做家务。——行动胜于言语，你不应该再让她________。”再辨析选项：A. challenge（挑战）；B. disappoint（使失望）；C. doubt（怀疑）；D. admire（钦佩）。结合语境，答应了却不行动会让妈妈失望，因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】动词词义辨析，情景交际
【点评】本题考查情景交际中的动词词义辨析，需结合对话语境理解句意，选择符合逻辑的动词，属于基础题型，难度不大。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】先翻译对话：“——我答应妈妈这周末会帮忙做家务。——行动胜于言语，你不应该再让她________。”再辨析选项：A. challenge（挑战）；B. disappoint（使失望）；C. doubt（怀疑）；D. admire（钦佩）。结合语境，答应了却不行动会让妈妈失望，因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】动词词义辨析，情景交际
【点评】本题考查情景交际中的动词词义辨析，需结合对话语境理解句意，选择符合逻辑的动词，属于基础题型，难度不大。
【难度系数】0.7
(
— Yes. She followed the doctors' orders she was found to have bone trouble.
A.while
B.though
C.before
D.as soon as
D
) 3. — His grandma no longer carries heavy things alone.— Yes. She followed the doctors' orders she was found to have bone trouble.
A.while
B.though
C.before
D.as soon as
答案：3.D
解析：
【分析】首先理解对话语境：第一句说明他的奶奶不再独自搬重物，第二句回应奶奶遵医嘱的时间逻辑。接着分析各选项连词的含义：A选项while表“当……时；然而”，B选项though表“虽然，尽管”（让步），C选项before表“在……之前”，D选项as soon as表“一……就……”。结合语境，此处需要表达“查出骨头问题后立刻遵医嘱”的逻辑，因此选D。
【解析】先翻译对话：——他的奶奶不再独自搬重物了。——是的，她一被查出有骨头问题就遵医嘱。逐一分析选项：A.while不符合语境逻辑；B.though表让步，不合适；C.before时间顺序颠倒；D.as soon as引导时间状语从句，符合“查出问题后立即遵医嘱”的语境，因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】时间状语从句、连词辨析
【点评】本题考查时间状语从句的连词辨析，需结合对话语境判断逻辑关系，属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】先翻译对话：——他的奶奶不再独自搬重物了。——是的，她一被查出有骨头问题就遵医嘱。逐一分析选项：A.while不符合语境逻辑；B.though表让步，不合适；C.before时间顺序颠倒；D.as soon as引导时间状语从句，符合“查出问题后立即遵医嘱”的语境，因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】时间状语从句、连词辨析
【点评】本题考查时间状语从句的连词辨析，需结合对话语境判断逻辑关系，属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.7
（
A.went over
B.went through
C.turned over
D.turned down
C
）4. Worried about the exam, I in bed many times, too nervous to fall asleep.A.went over
B.went through
C.turned over
D.turned down
答案：4.C
解析：
【分析】这是一道英语动词短语辨析题，解题思路为：①先理解句子语境：句子表达“因担心考试，我在床上______，太紧张无法入睡”，需选表示“在床上翻动身体”的短语；②逐一分析各选项短语的含义；③结合语境匹配出正确答案。
【解析】句子意为“担心考试，我在床上翻来覆去，太紧张而无法入睡”。逐一分析选项：A. went over 意为“复习；检查”，不符合语境；B. went through 意为“经历；通过”，不符合；C. turned over 意为“翻转；翻来覆去”，符合在床上翻动的语境；D. turned down 意为“调低（音量）；拒绝”，不符合。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语辨析，英语词汇运用
【点评】本题考查常用动词短语的词义辨析，结合句子语境即可选出正确选项，属于基础题型，侧重对常见短语含义的掌握。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】句子意为“担心考试，我在床上翻来覆去，太紧张而无法入睡”。逐一分析选项：A. went over 意为“复习；检查”，不符合语境；B. went through 意为“经历；通过”，不符合；C. turned over 意为“翻转；翻来覆去”，符合在床上翻动的语境；D. turned down 意为“调低（音量）；拒绝”，不符合。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语辨析，英语词汇运用
【点评】本题考查常用动词短语的词义辨析，结合句子语境即可选出正确选项，属于基础题型，侧重对常见短语含义的掌握。
【难度系数】0.7
(
— Never give up easily, and you’ll succeed next time.
A.You must be joking.
B.What a shame!
C.That’s no excuse.
D.That’s the spirit!
D
) 5. — We didn’t win the game, but we kept fighting till the last second.— Never give up easily, and you’ll succeed next time.
A.You must be joking.
B.What a shame!
C.That’s no excuse.
D.That’s the spirit!
答案：5.D
解析：
【分析】首先理解对话语境：一方表示虽未赢得比赛，但坚持战斗到最后一秒，另一方需回应并鼓励对方不放弃。接着分析各选项含义，选出契合鼓励语境的选项。
【解析】先明确各选项意思：A项意为“你肯定在开玩笑”；B项意为“真遗憾！”；C项意为“那不是借口”；D项意为“这就是那种精神！”。结合语境，对方坚持不放弃的态度值得肯定，D项符合鼓励的语境，因此选D。
【答案】5.D
【知识点】情景交际
【点评】本题考查日常情景对话的运用，需准确理解语境与选项含义，属于基础情景交际题。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】先明确各选项意思：A项意为“你肯定在开玩笑”；B项意为“真遗憾！”；C项意为“那不是借口”；D项意为“这就是那种精神！”。结合语境，对方坚持不放弃的态度值得肯定，D项符合鼓励的语境，因此选D。
【答案】5.D
【知识点】情景交际
【点评】本题考查日常情景对话的运用，需准确理解语境与选项含义，属于基础情景交际题。
【难度系数】0.7
四、阅读短文，回答问题
Xian Xinghai is a very famous musician in China. He is one of the great composers（作曲家）of classical and traditional music and a pioneer of modern Chinese music.
Xian Xinghai was born into a poor boatman's family in Macao in 1905. Since Xian's father died before he was born, the poor boy moved from place to place with his mother. When Xian was seven years old, he went to Singapore with his mother to make a living and met a teacher who admired his musical talent there. In 1918, the 13-year-old boy was sent to Guangzhou to study at the Affiliated High School of Lingnan University and learn the violin. In middle school, Xian sold books, paper and other things two hours a day to make a living.
With his talent, Xian later entered the Music Institute of Peking University in 1926. Then, in 1928 he went to Shanghai to further his studies at the National Conservatory of Music. Later, he went to Paris to study composition in 1929. He studied under famous musicians in Paris and was accepted to the Paris Conservatory of Music in 1931. During his stay in Paris, he created "Wind", "Song of a Wanderer", "Violin Sonata in D Minor" and other works.
In 1935, he returned to China and devoted himself to the anti-Japanese national salvation movement to help fight against the Japanese army. Later, in 1938, he came to Yan'an and served as the director of the Music Department at Lu Xun Institute of Arts. He taught music there. There were no pianos in Yan'an at that time, but Xian still wrote some of his most important music there, including "The Yellow River Cantata", his most famous work. He wrote it in 1939 in only six days. He used traditional folk music, and brought Western and Chinese music together. It is a patriotic（爱国的）work that has encouraged millions of Chinese.
Xian died of a lung illness on October 30, 1945. In his short life, he wrote nearly 300 songs and an opera. He is called "People's Musician" and his songs are still popular today.
1. Why did Xian Xinghai move from place to place with his mother in his early life?
2. What did Xian do to make a living during his middle school years?
3. What position did Xian hold in Yan'an in 1938?
4. How long did it take Xian to finish "The Yellow River Cantata"?
5. What can we learn from Xian Xinghai's life experiences?
Xian Xinghai is a very famous musician in China. He is one of the great composers（作曲家）of classical and traditional music and a pioneer of modern Chinese music.
Xian Xinghai was born into a poor boatman's family in Macao in 1905. Since Xian's father died before he was born, the poor boy moved from place to place with his mother. When Xian was seven years old, he went to Singapore with his mother to make a living and met a teacher who admired his musical talent there. In 1918, the 13-year-old boy was sent to Guangzhou to study at the Affiliated High School of Lingnan University and learn the violin. In middle school, Xian sold books, paper and other things two hours a day to make a living.
With his talent, Xian later entered the Music Institute of Peking University in 1926. Then, in 1928 he went to Shanghai to further his studies at the National Conservatory of Music. Later, he went to Paris to study composition in 1929. He studied under famous musicians in Paris and was accepted to the Paris Conservatory of Music in 1931. During his stay in Paris, he created "Wind", "Song of a Wanderer", "Violin Sonata in D Minor" and other works.
In 1935, he returned to China and devoted himself to the anti-Japanese national salvation movement to help fight against the Japanese army. Later, in 1938, he came to Yan'an and served as the director of the Music Department at Lu Xun Institute of Arts. He taught music there. There were no pianos in Yan'an at that time, but Xian still wrote some of his most important music there, including "The Yellow River Cantata", his most famous work. He wrote it in 1939 in only six days. He used traditional folk music, and brought Western and Chinese music together. It is a patriotic（爱国的）work that has encouraged millions of Chinese.
Xian died of a lung illness on October 30, 1945. In his short life, he wrote nearly 300 songs and an opera. He is called "People's Musician" and his songs are still popular today.
1. Why did Xian Xinghai move from place to place with his mother in his early life?
Because his father died before he was born.
2. What did Xian do to make a living during his middle school years?
He sold books, paper and other things two hours a day.
3. What position did Xian hold in Yan'an in 1938?
The director of the Music Department at Lu Xun Institute of Arts.
4. How long did it take Xian to finish "The Yellow River Cantata"?
It took him only six days.
5. What can we learn from Xian Xinghai's life experiences?
We should keep working hard and love our country.
答案：1. Because his father died before he was born.
2. He sold books, paper and other things two hours a day.
3. The director of the Music Department at Lu Xun Institute of Arts.
4. It took him only six days.
5. We should keep working hard and love our country.
2. He sold books, paper and other things two hours a day.
3. The director of the Music Department at Lu Xun Institute of Arts.
4. It took him only six days.
5. We should keep working hard and love our country.
解析：
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解与主旨感悟类问题。解题时需先明确每个问题的核心关键词，再带着关键词回原文对应段落定位信息：前4题是细节题，直接提取原文对应内容即可；第5题需结合全文冼星海的经历，归纳其精神品质得出感悟。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段关键句“Since Xian's father died before he was born, the poor boy moved from place to place with his mother.”，提取原因作答。
2. 定位原文第二段末尾“In middle school, Xian sold books, paper and other things two hours a day to make a living.”，提取谋生方式作答。
3. 定位原文第四段“Later, in 1938, he came to Yan'an and served as the director of the Music Department at Lu Xun Institute of Arts.”，提取职位作答。
4. 定位原文第四段“He wrote it in 1939 in only six days.”，提取创作时长作答。
5. 结合全文，冼星海虽家境贫寒仍坚持求学，且投身抗日爱国运动，可归纳出应努力奋斗、热爱祖国的感悟。
【答案】
1. Because his father died before he was born.
2. He sold books, paper and other things two hours a day.
3. The director of the Music Department at Lu Xun Institute of Arts.
4. It took him only six days.
5. We should keep working hard and love our country.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息提取、主旨归纳
【点评】
本题以冼星海的生平为阅读材料，考查学生的英语阅读细节定位能力与情感态度价值观的感悟，题型常规，贴近学生日常练习的阅读题类型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解与主旨感悟类问题。解题时需先明确每个问题的核心关键词，再带着关键词回原文对应段落定位信息：前4题是细节题，直接提取原文对应内容即可；第5题需结合全文冼星海的经历，归纳其精神品质得出感悟。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段关键句“Since Xian's father died before he was born, the poor boy moved from place to place with his mother.”，提取原因作答。
2. 定位原文第二段末尾“In middle school, Xian sold books, paper and other things two hours a day to make a living.”，提取谋生方式作答。
3. 定位原文第四段“Later, in 1938, he came to Yan'an and served as the director of the Music Department at Lu Xun Institute of Arts.”，提取职位作答。
4. 定位原文第四段“He wrote it in 1939 in only six days.”，提取创作时长作答。
5. 结合全文，冼星海虽家境贫寒仍坚持求学，且投身抗日爱国运动，可归纳出应努力奋斗、热爱祖国的感悟。
【答案】
1. Because his father died before he was born.
2. He sold books, paper and other things two hours a day.
3. The director of the Music Department at Lu Xun Institute of Arts.
4. It took him only six days.
5. We should keep working hard and love our country.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息提取、主旨归纳
【点评】
本题以冼星海的生平为阅读材料，考查学生的英语阅读细节定位能力与情感态度价值观的感悟，题型常规，贴近学生日常练习的阅读题类型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7