七、阅读短文，回答问题（10分）
Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, is famous as "the Father of China's Nuclear Submarines (核潜艇)". He was born on March 12, 1926, in Guangdong. In his early years, China was in a mess. The Japanese army often made cruel attacks on Chinese cities, bringing great pain to the country. These hard times made Huang Xuhua decide to study shipbuilding to help China become stronger.
Building China's first nuclear submarines was a very challenging and secret project. For over 30 years, Huang missed important moments in his children's growth and couldn't celebrate festivals with his family. He felt sorry, but his sense of duty to the country always won out.
You couldn't imagine how poor the working conditions were. Huang and his team didn't have enough money, experience or guidance for nuclear submarines' study. Without computers, Huang and his team had to use abacuses (算盘). They faced many problems, but their hard work finally achieved great success. In 1970, China's first nuclear attack submarine, Changzheng 1, was ready for sea tests and started serving in 1974. This made China the fifth country to have such a powerful weapon (武器).
After 14 years, Huang, the 62-year-old man, joined the risky first deep-diving test of the submarine. Even when he was old, he often went to the research centre to share his knowledge with young people. His aged hands holding model submarines became the most moving lessons for young scientists. Huang's story teaches us to always follow our dreams and be willing to work hard for our country, no matter what difficulties we meet.
1. What is Huang Xuhua famous as?
2. Why couldn't Huang Xuhua celebrate festivals with his family for years?
3. What were Huang and his team short of when working on the project?
4. When did Huang join the risky first deep-diving test of the submarine?
5. What can you learn from Huang Xuhua?
Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, is famous as "the Father of China's Nuclear Submarines (核潜艇)". He was born on March 12, 1926, in Guangdong. In his early years, China was in a mess. The Japanese army often made cruel attacks on Chinese cities, bringing great pain to the country. These hard times made Huang Xuhua decide to study shipbuilding to help China become stronger.
Building China's first nuclear submarines was a very challenging and secret project. For over 30 years, Huang missed important moments in his children's growth and couldn't celebrate festivals with his family. He felt sorry, but his sense of duty to the country always won out.
You couldn't imagine how poor the working conditions were. Huang and his team didn't have enough money, experience or guidance for nuclear submarines' study. Without computers, Huang and his team had to use abacuses (算盘). They faced many problems, but their hard work finally achieved great success. In 1970, China's first nuclear attack submarine, Changzheng 1, was ready for sea tests and started serving in 1974. This made China the fifth country to have such a powerful weapon (武器).
After 14 years, Huang, the 62-year-old man, joined the risky first deep-diving test of the submarine. Even when he was old, he often went to the research centre to share his knowledge with young people. His aged hands holding model submarines became the most moving lessons for young scientists. Huang's story teaches us to always follow our dreams and be willing to work hard for our country, no matter what difficulties we meet.
1. What is Huang Xuhua famous as?
“The Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines”.
2. Why couldn't Huang Xuhua celebrate festivals with his family for years?
To finish the challenging and secret project./To build China’s first nuclear submarines.
3. What were Huang and his team short of when working on the project?
Money, experience, guidance and computers.
4. When did Huang join the risky first deep-diving test of the submarine?
In 1988./When he was 62 years old.
5. What can you learn from Huang Xuhua?
We should work hard for our country/We shouldn’t fear difficulties.
答案：1. “The Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines”.
2. To finish the challenging and secret project./To build China’s first nuclear submarines.
3. Money, experience, guidance and computers.
4. In 1988./When he was 62 years old.
5. We should work hard for our country/We shouldn’t fear difficulties.
2. To finish the challenging and secret project./To build China’s first nuclear submarines.
3. Money, experience, guidance and computers.
4. In 1988./When he was 62 years old.
5. We should work hard for our country/We shouldn’t fear difficulties.
解析：
【分析】
做这类阅读理解细节题，需先通读原文把握大意，再针对每个问题的关键词（如famous as、couldn't celebrate festivals等）回到原文定位对应段落，提取关键信息，确保答案与原文表述一致，符合问题要求。
【解析】
1. 问题关键词“famous as”定位原文首句，直接提取对应内容；
2. 问题关键词“couldn't celebrate festivals with his family”定位第二段，找到原因是建设中国首艘核潜艇的项目具有挑战性且为秘密项目；
3. 问题关键词“short of”定位第三段，提取团队缺少的资源：钱、经验、指导和电脑；
4. 问题关键词“deep-diving test”定位第四段，结合黄旭华出生年份（1926年），62岁时为1988年，或从1974年服役后14年，得出对应时间；
5. 问题关键词“learn from”定位原文末句，提取与感悟相关的内容。
【答案】
1. “The Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines”.
2. To finish the challenging and secret project./To build China’s first nuclear submarines.
3. Money, experience, guidance and computers.
4. In 1988./When he was 62 years old.
5. We should work hard for our country/We shouldn’t fear difficulties.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息提取
【点评】
本题为人物传记类阅读理解，主要考查学生快速定位原文、提取关键信息的能力，题目设置为基础细节题，难度适中，仔细阅读原文即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这类阅读理解细节题，需先通读原文把握大意，再针对每个问题的关键词（如famous as、couldn't celebrate festivals等）回到原文定位对应段落，提取关键信息，确保答案与原文表述一致，符合问题要求。
【解析】
1. 问题关键词“famous as”定位原文首句，直接提取对应内容；
2. 问题关键词“couldn't celebrate festivals with his family”定位第二段，找到原因是建设中国首艘核潜艇的项目具有挑战性且为秘密项目；
3. 问题关键词“short of”定位第三段，提取团队缺少的资源：钱、经验、指导和电脑；
4. 问题关键词“deep-diving test”定位第四段，结合黄旭华出生年份（1926年），62岁时为1988年，或从1974年服役后14年，得出对应时间；
5. 问题关键词“learn from”定位原文末句，提取与感悟相关的内容。
【答案】
1. “The Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines”.
2. To finish the challenging and secret project./To build China’s first nuclear submarines.
3. Money, experience, guidance and computers.
4. In 1988./When he was 62 years old.
5. We should work hard for our country/We shouldn’t fear difficulties.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息提取
【点评】
本题为人物传记类阅读理解，主要考查学生快速定位原文、提取关键信息的能力，题目设置为基础细节题，难度适中，仔细阅读原文即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
八、书面表达（30分）
生活中的一件点滴小事、一个平凡之人、一个简单的习惯……都会帮助我们成为更优秀的自己。请以“ Help(s) Me Grow up Better”为题，根据以下提示内容用英语写一篇100词左右的短文，讲述帮助你成长的一件事、一个人或者一个习惯。
提示：1. What/Who helps you grow up better?
2. Why do you think the thing/the person helps you grow up better?
3. What have you learned from the thing/the person?
Help(s) Me Grow up Better
生活中的一件点滴小事、一个平凡之人、一个简单的习惯……都会帮助我们成为更优秀的自己。请以“ Help(s) Me Grow up Better”为题，根据以下提示内容用英语写一篇100词左右的短文，讲述帮助你成长的一件事、一个人或者一个习惯。
提示：1. What/Who helps you grow up better?
2. Why do you think the thing/the person helps you grow up better?
3. What have you learned from the thing/the person?
Help(s) Me Grow up Better
答案：Reading Helps Me Grow up Better
Reading has influenced me a lot. I used to be too shy to talk with others and felt negative. My English teacher advised me to read more English books. I started with simple storybooks and soon fell in love with reading stories about brave heroes, kind friends and wonderful adventures.
Reading not only increases my knowledge but also shapes my personality. It lets me come up with new ideas and makes me more confident and outgoing. Now I can communicate with classmates well and express my thoughts bravely.
I believe reading is a lifelong journey. It will keep inspiring me to become a better person and tell me that hard work will finally pay off.
Reading has influenced me a lot. I used to be too shy to talk with others and felt negative. My English teacher advised me to read more English books. I started with simple storybooks and soon fell in love with reading stories about brave heroes, kind friends and wonderful adventures.
Reading not only increases my knowledge but also shapes my personality. It lets me come up with new ideas and makes me more confident and outgoing. Now I can communicate with classmates well and express my thoughts bravely.
I believe reading is a lifelong journey. It will keep inspiring me to become a better person and tell me that hard work will finally pay off.
解析：
【分析】
本题是半命题英语书面表达题，要求补全题目后，围绕“帮助成长的人/事/习惯”，结合三个提示点写作。解题思路：1. 补全题目，选择熟悉且有内容可写的主题（如阅读、朋友等）；2. 开头点明主题，简述自身之前的状态，引出该主题的帮助；3. 中间阐述该主题帮助自己成长的具体原因，结合事例；4. 结尾总结从该主题学到的道理，升华主题；5. 控制词数在100词左右，语言符合英语表达习惯。
【解析】
写作步骤：① 补全题目为“Reading Helps Me Grow up Better”；② 第一段总起，说明阅读对自己影响大，之前害羞消极，老师建议多读书；③ 第二段阐述阅读的作用，既增长知识，又塑造性格，让自己变得自信开朗，能和同学良好沟通；④ 第三段总结，点明阅读是终身旅程，会激励自己成为更好的人，懂得努力终有回报；⑤ 注意时态运用（过去时讲过去状态，现在时讲现在变化），词数符合要求。
【答案】
Reading Helps Me Grow up Better
Reading has influenced me a lot. I used to be too shy to talk with others and felt negative. My English teacher advised me to read more English books. I started with simple storybooks and soon fell in love with reading stories about brave heroes, kind friends and wonderful adventures.
Reading not only increases my knowledge but also shapes my personality. It lets me come up with new ideas and makes me more confident and outgoing. Now I can communicate with classmates well and express my thoughts bravely.
I believe reading is a lifelong journey. It will keep inspiring me to become a better person and tell me that hard work will finally pay off.
【知识点】
英语半命题作文写作、英语记叙文写作、英语书面表达
【点评】
本文紧扣主题，结构清晰，层次分明，严格按照提示要求写作，从个人真实经历出发，准确表达了阅读对成长的帮助，语言流畅自然，用词恰当，符合初中英语书面表达的要求，是一篇优秀范文。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题是半命题英语书面表达题，要求补全题目后，围绕“帮助成长的人/事/习惯”，结合三个提示点写作。解题思路：1. 补全题目，选择熟悉且有内容可写的主题（如阅读、朋友等）；2. 开头点明主题，简述自身之前的状态，引出该主题的帮助；3. 中间阐述该主题帮助自己成长的具体原因，结合事例；4. 结尾总结从该主题学到的道理，升华主题；5. 控制词数在100词左右，语言符合英语表达习惯。
【解析】
写作步骤：① 补全题目为“Reading Helps Me Grow up Better”；② 第一段总起，说明阅读对自己影响大，之前害羞消极，老师建议多读书；③ 第二段阐述阅读的作用，既增长知识，又塑造性格，让自己变得自信开朗，能和同学良好沟通；④ 第三段总结，点明阅读是终身旅程，会激励自己成为更好的人，懂得努力终有回报；⑤ 注意时态运用（过去时讲过去状态，现在时讲现在变化），词数符合要求。
【答案】
Reading Helps Me Grow up Better
Reading has influenced me a lot. I used to be too shy to talk with others and felt negative. My English teacher advised me to read more English books. I started with simple storybooks and soon fell in love with reading stories about brave heroes, kind friends and wonderful adventures.
Reading not only increases my knowledge but also shapes my personality. It lets me come up with new ideas and makes me more confident and outgoing. Now I can communicate with classmates well and express my thoughts bravely.
I believe reading is a lifelong journey. It will keep inspiring me to become a better person and tell me that hard work will finally pay off.
【知识点】
英语半命题作文写作、英语记叙文写作、英语书面表达
【点评】
本文紧扣主题，结构清晰，层次分明，严格按照提示要求写作，从个人真实经历出发，准确表达了阅读对成长的帮助，语言流畅自然，用词恰当，符合初中英语书面表达的要求，是一篇优秀范文。
【难度系数】
0.6