五、阅读理解
Socrates is a great thinker（思想家）and teacher. One day, he says to his students, “Today you are going to learn new exercise, swinging（摆动）arms forward（向前）and then backward.”
He tells his students how to do the exercise. Then he asks his students to swing their arms 300 times every day. “Do you think you can do it?” Socrates asks the students. They laugh and say, “Of course. It is not difficult.” So all the students tell Socrates that they will do the exercise every day.
A month later, Socrates asks his students, “Which of you do the exercise every day?”
▲ Socrates is happy that all the students do it.
Another month goes by. He asks the class the same question, but only 80% of the students put up their hands. A year goes by, and Socrates asks the class the question again. But this time, only one student puts up his hand. The student is Plato. He becomes a great thinker later.
Well, doing one thing is easy but doing one thing every day is not an easy thing. That’s why some people can succeed（成功）but some can’t.
（
A. Because Socrates is fun.
B. Because the class is interesting.
C. Because they are glad to do the exercise.
D. Because they think it’s easy to do what Socrates says.
（
A. A few students say no.
B. Most of the students say yes.
C. Everyone puts up his hand.
D. No student puts up his hand.
（
A. one month
B. 80 days
C. two months
D. one year
（
A. It’s difficult to be a great thinker.
B. Students should listen to teachers.
C. It’s important to keep doing one thing.
D. Taking exercise every day is good for us.
Socrates is a great thinker（思想家）and teacher. One day, he says to his students, “Today you are going to learn new exercise, swinging（摆动）arms forward（向前）and then backward.”
He tells his students how to do the exercise. Then he asks his students to swing their arms 300 times every day. “Do you think you can do it?” Socrates asks the students. They laugh and say, “Of course. It is not difficult.” So all the students tell Socrates that they will do the exercise every day.
A month later, Socrates asks his students, “Which of you do the exercise every day?”
▲ Socrates is happy that all the students do it.
Another month goes by. He asks the class the same question, but only 80% of the students put up their hands. A year goes by, and Socrates asks the class the question again. But this time, only one student puts up his hand. The student is Plato. He becomes a great thinker later.
Well, doing one thing is easy but doing one thing every day is not an easy thing. That’s why some people can succeed（成功）but some can’t.
（
D
）1. Why do the students laugh?A. Because Socrates is fun.
B. Because the class is interesting.
C. Because they are glad to do the exercise.
D. Because they think it’s easy to do what Socrates says.
（
C
）2. Which sentence can we put in the “▲”?A. A few students say no.
B. Most of the students say yes.
C. Everyone puts up his hand.
D. No student puts up his hand.
（
D
）3. Most of the students stop doing the exercise after .A. one month
B. 80 days
C. two months
D. one year
（
C
）4. What does the story want to tell us?A. It’s difficult to be a great thinker.
B. Students should listen to teachers.
C. It’s important to keep doing one thing.
D. Taking exercise every day is good for us.
答案：1.D 2.C 3.D 4.C
解析：
【分析】本题为英语阅读理解题，需先通读全文理解文章大意，再针对每个问题定位原文相关信息，逐一分析选项，选出与原文内容或主旨相符的答案。具体解题思路：1. 第1题定位学生笑的原因，找原文中学生的表述；2. 第2题结合后文苏格拉底的反应，推断空格处内容；3. 第3题定位一年后学生的表现，判断停止做练习的时间；4. 第4题找文章主旨句，提炼核心道理。
【解析】1. 第1题：根据原文第二段学生的回答“Of course. It is not difficult.”可知，学生笑是因为觉得苏格拉底布置的任务很简单，对应选项D。2. 第2题：后文提到“Socrates is happy that all the students do it.”，说明当时所有学生都举手了，对应选项C。3. 第3题：根据原文“A year goes by, and Socrates asks the class the question again. But this time, only one student puts up his hand.”可知，一年后仅一名学生坚持，大部分学生停止了练习，对应选项D。4. 第4题：文章最后一段点明主旨“doing one thing is easy but doing one thing every day is not an easy thing.”，强调坚持做一件事的重要性，对应选项C。
【答案】1.D 2.C 3.D 4.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】本文是一篇蕴含哲理的英语短文，通过苏格拉底让学生坚持摆臂练习的故事，考查学生对细节信息的提取和文章主旨的理解，难度适中，需仔细阅读原文找准依据。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 第1题：根据原文第二段学生的回答“Of course. It is not difficult.”可知，学生笑是因为觉得苏格拉底布置的任务很简单，对应选项D。2. 第2题：后文提到“Socrates is happy that all the students do it.”，说明当时所有学生都举手了，对应选项C。3. 第3题：根据原文“A year goes by, and Socrates asks the class the question again. But this time, only one student puts up his hand.”可知，一年后仅一名学生坚持，大部分学生停止了练习，对应选项D。4. 第4题：文章最后一段点明主旨“doing one thing is easy but doing one thing every day is not an easy thing.”，强调坚持做一件事的重要性，对应选项C。
【答案】1.D 2.C 3.D 4.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】本文是一篇蕴含哲理的英语短文，通过苏格拉底让学生坚持摆臂练习的故事，考查学生对细节信息的提取和文章主旨的理解，难度适中，需仔细阅读原文找准依据。
【难度系数】0.6