$12.(3)解:过点D作DK⊥BE,交BE的延长$
$线于点K,如图$
$∵∠DOE=90°,OD=OE=3\ $
$∴∠DEO=45°,DE=3\sqrt{2}$
$∵∠BED=135°$
$∴∠BEO=∠BED-∠DEO=135°-45°=90°\ $
$∠DEK=180°-∠BED=180°-135°$
$=45°\ $
$∵OA=OB=5$
$∴BE= \sqrt{OB^{2}-OE^{2}}=\sqrt{5^{2}-3^{2}}=4$
$由DK⊥BE,∠DEK=45°可得△DEK是$
$等腰直角三角形$
$∴DK=EK=\frac{DE}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}}=3\ $
$∴BK=EK+BE=3+4=7 $
$在Rt△BDK中$
$BD= \sqrt{BK^{2}+DK^{2}}$
$=\sqrt{7^{2}+3^{2}}=\sqrt{58}$
$由(2)知△BOD≌△AOE$
$∴AE=BD= \sqrt{58}\ $
$设GB=x,则GD=\sqrt{58}-x$
$由(1)知∠EGB=90°=∠DGE$
$∴BE^{2}-BG^{2}=GE^{2}=DE^{2}-GD^{2}$
$∴16-x^{2}=(3 \sqrt{2})^{2}-( \sqrt{58}-x)^{2}$
$解得x=\frac{14\sqrt{58}}{29}$
$即GB=\frac{14\sqrt{58}}{29}\ $
$∴GD= \sqrt{58}-x=\frac{15\sqrt{58}}{29}$
$GE= \sqrt{BE^{2}-GB^{2}}$
$=\sqrt{16-(\frac{14\sqrt{58}}{29})^{2}}$
$=\frac{6\sqrt{58}}{29}$
$∴GA=AE-GE=\sqrt{58}-\frac{6\sqrt{58}}{29}$
$=\frac{23\sqrt{58}}{29}$
$在Rt△AGD中$
$AD^{2}=GD^{2}+GA^{2}$
$=(\frac{15\sqrt{58}}{29})^{2}+(\frac{23\sqrt{58}}{29})^{2}=52$
$∴AD^{2}的值是52$