解:(1)解方程$3(x+1)-x=9$:$3x+3 -x=9,$$2x=6,$$x=3。$
解不等式组:$\begin{cases}2x-2 > x-1 \\ 3(x-2)-x \leq 4\end{cases},$由$2x-2 > x-1$得$x > 1;$由$3(x-2)-x \leq 4$得$2x \leq 10,$$x \leq 5,$解集为$1 < x \leq 5,$$x=3$在范围内,故是关联方程。
(2)解方程$2x - k=6$得$x=\frac{k+6}{2}。$解不等式组:$\begin{cases}\frac{3x+1}{2} \geq x \\ \frac{x-1}{2} \geq \frac{2x+1}{3}-2\end{cases},$由$\frac{3x+1}{2} \geq x$得$x \geq -1;$由$\frac{x-1}{2} \geq \frac{2x+1}{3}-2$得$x \leq 7,$解集为$-1 \leq x \leq 7,$则$-1 \leq \frac{k+6}{2} \leq 7,$解得$-8 \leq k \leq 8。$