1. 度、分、秒的相互转化:
(1)$57.32^{\circ }=$
(3)$12^{\circ }18'= $
(1)$57.32^{\circ }=$
57
$^{\circ }$19
$'$12
$''$; (2)$27^{\circ }14'24''= $27.24
$^{\circ }$;(3)$12^{\circ }18'= $
12.3
$^{\circ }$; (4)$6000''= $100
$'=$$\frac{5}{3}$
$^{\circ }$。答案:1. (1)57 19 12 (2)27.24 (3)12.3 (4)100 $\frac{5}{3}$
解析:
(1) $57.32^{\circ}$
$=57^{\circ}+0.32^{\circ}$
$0.32^{\circ}=0.32×60'=19.2'$
$19.2'=19'+0.2'$
$0.2'=0.2×60''=12''$
所以$57.32^{\circ}=57^{\circ}19'12''$
(2) $27^{\circ}14'24''$
$24''=24÷60'=0.4'$
$14'+0.4'=14.4'$
$14.4'=14.4÷60^{\circ}=0.24^{\circ}$
所以$27^{\circ}14'24''=27.24^{\circ}$
(3) $12^{\circ}18'$
$18'=18÷60^{\circ}=0.3^{\circ}$
所以$12^{\circ}18'=12.3^{\circ}$
(4) $6000''$
$6000''=6000÷60'=100'$
$100'=100÷60^{\circ}=\frac{5}{3}^{\circ}$
所以$6000''=100'=\frac{5}{3}^{\circ}$
答案:(1)57 19 12;(2)27.24;(3)12.3;(4)100,$\frac{5}{3}$
$=57^{\circ}+0.32^{\circ}$
$0.32^{\circ}=0.32×60'=19.2'$
$19.2'=19'+0.2'$
$0.2'=0.2×60''=12''$
所以$57.32^{\circ}=57^{\circ}19'12''$
(2) $27^{\circ}14'24''$
$24''=24÷60'=0.4'$
$14'+0.4'=14.4'$
$14.4'=14.4÷60^{\circ}=0.24^{\circ}$
所以$27^{\circ}14'24''=27.24^{\circ}$
(3) $12^{\circ}18'$
$18'=18÷60^{\circ}=0.3^{\circ}$
所以$12^{\circ}18'=12.3^{\circ}$
(4) $6000''$
$6000''=6000÷60'=100'$
$100'=100÷60^{\circ}=\frac{5}{3}^{\circ}$
所以$6000''=100'=\frac{5}{3}^{\circ}$
答案:(1)57 19 12;(2)27.24;(3)12.3;(4)100,$\frac{5}{3}$
2. 计算:
(1)$42^{\circ }48'+36^{\circ }25'$; (2)$18^{\circ }20'+6^{\circ }30'$;
(3)$180^{\circ }-48^{\circ }39'40''$; (4)$38^{\circ }49'× 3$;
(5)$33^{\circ }15'16''× 5$; (6)$180^{\circ }÷ 8$;
(7)$56^{\circ }17'+12^{\circ }45'-16^{\circ }21'$; (8)$131^{\circ }28'-51^{\circ }32'15''$。
(1)$42^{\circ }48'+36^{\circ }25'$; (2)$18^{\circ }20'+6^{\circ }30'$;
(3)$180^{\circ }-48^{\circ }39'40''$; (4)$38^{\circ }49'× 3$;
(5)$33^{\circ }15'16''× 5$; (6)$180^{\circ }÷ 8$;
(7)$56^{\circ }17'+12^{\circ }45'-16^{\circ }21'$; (8)$131^{\circ }28'-51^{\circ }32'15''$。
答案:2. (1)$79^{\circ}13'$ (2)$24^{\circ}50'$ (3)$131^{\circ}20'20''$ (4)$116^{\circ}27'$ (5)$166^{\circ}16'20''$ (6)$22.5^{\circ}$ (7)$52^{\circ}41'$ (8)$79^{\circ}55'45''$
解析:
(1)解:$42^{\circ}48' + 36^{\circ}25'$
$=(42^{\circ} + 36^{\circ}) + (48' + 25')$
$=78^{\circ} + 73'$
$=78^{\circ} + 1^{\circ}13'$
$=79^{\circ}13'$
(2)解:$18^{\circ}20' + 6^{\circ}30'$
$=(18^{\circ} + 6^{\circ}) + (20' + 30')$
$=24^{\circ} + 50'$
$=24^{\circ}50'$
(3)解:$180^{\circ} - 48^{\circ}39'40''$
$=179^{\circ}59'60'' - 48^{\circ}39'40''$
$=(179^{\circ} - 48^{\circ}) + (59' - 39') + (60'' - 40'')$
$=131^{\circ} + 20' + 20''$
$=131^{\circ}20'20''$
(4)解:$38^{\circ}49'×3$
$=38^{\circ}×3 + 49'×3$
$=114^{\circ} + 147'$
$=114^{\circ} + 2^{\circ}27'$
$=116^{\circ}27'$
(5)解:$33^{\circ}15'16''×5$
$=33^{\circ}×5 + 15'×5 + 16''×5$
$=165^{\circ} + 75' + 80''$
$=165^{\circ} + 1^{\circ}15' + 1'20''$
$=165^{\circ} + 1^{\circ}16'20''$
$=166^{\circ}16'20''$
(6)解:$180^{\circ}÷8$
$=22.5^{\circ}$
(7)解:$56^{\circ}17' + 12^{\circ}45' - 16^{\circ}21'$
$=(56^{\circ} + 12^{\circ}) + (17' + 45') - 16^{\circ}21'$
$=68^{\circ}62' - 16^{\circ}21'$
$=68^{\circ} + 1^{\circ}2' - 16^{\circ}21'$
$=69^{\circ}2' - 16^{\circ}21'$
$=68^{\circ}62' - 16^{\circ}21'$
$=(68^{\circ} - 16^{\circ}) + (62' - 21')$
$=52^{\circ} + 41'$
$=52^{\circ}41'$
(8)解:$131^{\circ}28' - 51^{\circ}32'15''$
$=130^{\circ}88' - 51^{\circ}32'15''$
$=130^{\circ}87'60'' - 51^{\circ}32'15''$
$=(130^{\circ} - 51^{\circ}) + (87' - 32') + (60'' - 15'')$
$=79^{\circ} + 55' + 45''$
$=79^{\circ}55'45''$
$=(42^{\circ} + 36^{\circ}) + (48' + 25')$
$=78^{\circ} + 73'$
$=78^{\circ} + 1^{\circ}13'$
$=79^{\circ}13'$
(2)解:$18^{\circ}20' + 6^{\circ}30'$
$=(18^{\circ} + 6^{\circ}) + (20' + 30')$
$=24^{\circ} + 50'$
$=24^{\circ}50'$
(3)解:$180^{\circ} - 48^{\circ}39'40''$
$=179^{\circ}59'60'' - 48^{\circ}39'40''$
$=(179^{\circ} - 48^{\circ}) + (59' - 39') + (60'' - 40'')$
$=131^{\circ} + 20' + 20''$
$=131^{\circ}20'20''$
(4)解:$38^{\circ}49'×3$
$=38^{\circ}×3 + 49'×3$
$=114^{\circ} + 147'$
$=114^{\circ} + 2^{\circ}27'$
$=116^{\circ}27'$
(5)解:$33^{\circ}15'16''×5$
$=33^{\circ}×5 + 15'×5 + 16''×5$
$=165^{\circ} + 75' + 80''$
$=165^{\circ} + 1^{\circ}15' + 1'20''$
$=165^{\circ} + 1^{\circ}16'20''$
$=166^{\circ}16'20''$
(6)解:$180^{\circ}÷8$
$=22.5^{\circ}$
(7)解:$56^{\circ}17' + 12^{\circ}45' - 16^{\circ}21'$
$=(56^{\circ} + 12^{\circ}) + (17' + 45') - 16^{\circ}21'$
$=68^{\circ}62' - 16^{\circ}21'$
$=68^{\circ} + 1^{\circ}2' - 16^{\circ}21'$
$=69^{\circ}2' - 16^{\circ}21'$
$=68^{\circ}62' - 16^{\circ}21'$
$=(68^{\circ} - 16^{\circ}) + (62' - 21')$
$=52^{\circ} + 41'$
$=52^{\circ}41'$
(8)解:$131^{\circ}28' - 51^{\circ}32'15''$
$=130^{\circ}88' - 51^{\circ}32'15''$
$=130^{\circ}87'60'' - 51^{\circ}32'15''$
$=(130^{\circ} - 51^{\circ}) + (87' - 32') + (60'' - 15'')$
$=79^{\circ} + 55' + 45''$
$=79^{\circ}55'45''$