Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
We use bricks(砖) to make houses on the Earth, but what about building things on the Moon? Well, you use "lunar bricks", of course!
Scientists at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) have developed "lunar bricks". They hope to use the bricks to build a base(基地) on the Moon.
To make the bricks, the scientists used a lunar soil simulant(模拟月壤). The bricks are three times stronger than normal concrete(混凝土) bricks or red bricks. They also have mortise and tenon joint structures(榫卯结构), which were used in ancient Chinese buildings. This makes it possible to simply put these bricks together, just like Lego.
Professor Zhou Cheng from HUST told Xinhua that they had tested five different kinds of simulated(模拟的) lunar soil and used three ways to harden them. This helped them choose the best materials for making the bricks. Lunar soil isn't the same everywhere on the Moon, Zhou added. For example, one of the kinds tested simulates the lunar soil at the landing site of Chang'e-5, which is mainly basalt(玄武岩).
The lunar bricks need to be tested well before being used because the Moon has an extreme(极端的) environment. Moonquakes(月震) often happen there, and cosmic radiation(宇宙辐射) is high. It gets as hot as 180°C during the day and as cold as -190°C at night.
The lunar bricks will be sent to China's space station on the Tianzhou-8 spacecraft. There, scientists will check how well the bricks do in space.
The first brick is expected to return to the Earth by the end of 2025. China hopes to build a lunar research station between 2028 and 2035.
(
A. study the lunar soil
B. build a base on the Moon
C. test the weather on the Moon
D. create stronger building materials on the Earth
(
A. They make the bricks lighter.
B. They make the bricks look good.
C. They help save lunar soil simulant.
D. They make the building process easier.
(
A. They wanted to find the best basalt for the bricks. B. They wanted to find materials.
C. The soil on the Moon changes from place to place.
D. The simulant is different from real lunar soil.
(
A. Why lunar bricks need to be tested.
B. How the lunar bricks were made.C. What the weather is like on the Moon.
D. How the lunar bricks were tested.
(
A. Scientists are still unhappy with the bricks.
B. A base built by lunar bricks was made on the Earth.
C. They will be tested in China's space station.
D. They will soon be used to build a lunar research station.
A
We use bricks(砖) to make houses on the Earth, but what about building things on the Moon? Well, you use "lunar bricks", of course!
Scientists at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) have developed "lunar bricks". They hope to use the bricks to build a base(基地) on the Moon.
To make the bricks, the scientists used a lunar soil simulant(模拟月壤). The bricks are three times stronger than normal concrete(混凝土) bricks or red bricks. They also have mortise and tenon joint structures(榫卯结构), which were used in ancient Chinese buildings. This makes it possible to simply put these bricks together, just like Lego.
Professor Zhou Cheng from HUST told Xinhua that they had tested five different kinds of simulated(模拟的) lunar soil and used three ways to harden them. This helped them choose the best materials for making the bricks. Lunar soil isn't the same everywhere on the Moon, Zhou added. For example, one of the kinds tested simulates the lunar soil at the landing site of Chang'e-5, which is mainly basalt(玄武岩).
The lunar bricks need to be tested well before being used because the Moon has an extreme(极端的) environment. Moonquakes(月震) often happen there, and cosmic radiation(宇宙辐射) is high. It gets as hot as 180°C during the day and as cold as -190°C at night.
The lunar bricks will be sent to China's space station on the Tianzhou-8 spacecraft. There, scientists will check how well the bricks do in space.
The first brick is expected to return to the Earth by the end of 2025. China hopes to build a lunar research station between 2028 and 2035.
(
B
) 1. The lunar bricks are developed to ______.A. study the lunar soil
B. build a base on the Moon
C. test the weather on the Moon
D. create stronger building materials on the Earth
(
D
) 2. How do the mortise and tenon joint structures help with lunar bricks?A. They make the bricks lighter.
B. They make the bricks look good.
C. They help save lunar soil simulant.
D. They make the building process easier.
(
C
) 3. Why was it necessary for the researchers to test different kinds of lunar soil simulant?A. They wanted to find the best basalt for the bricks. B. They wanted to find materials.
C. The soil on the Moon changes from place to place.
D. The simulant is different from real lunar soil.
(
A
) 4. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?A. Why lunar bricks need to be tested.
B. How the lunar bricks were made.C. What the weather is like on the Moon.
D. How the lunar bricks were tested.
(
C
) 5. What can we learn about the lunar bricks from the passage?A. Scientists are still unhappy with the bricks.
B. A base built by lunar bricks was made on the Earth.
C. They will be tested in China's space station.
D. They will soon be used to build a lunar research station.
答案：【解析】：
这是一道英语阅读理解题，主要考查学生对文章细节的理解和把握能力。文章主要介绍了华中科技大学开发的“月球砖”，以及这些砖的用途、制作材料、结构特点、测试环境等方面的信息。接下来，我们将根据题目要求，逐一解答问题。
1. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They hope to use the bricks to build a base(基地) on the Moon.”可知，月球砖是为了在月球上建立基地而开发的。因此，选项B“在月球上建立基地”是正确答案。
2. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They also have mortise and tenon joint structures(榫卯结构), which were used in ancient Chinese buildings. This makes it possible to simply put these bricks together, just like Lego.”可知，榫卯结构使得这些砖可以像乐高一样简单地拼在一起，从而简化了建筑过程。因此，选项D“它们使建筑过程更容易”是正确答案。
3. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Lunar soil isn't the same everywhere on the Moon, Zhou added. For example, one of the kinds tested simulates the lunar soil at the landing site of Chang'e-5, which is mainly basalt(玄武岩).”可知，月球上的土壤各处不同，因此研究人员需要测试不同种类的模拟月壤以找到最适合制作月球砖的材料。因此，选项C“月球上的土壤各处不同”是正确答案。
4. 段落大意题。根据文章第五段“The lunar bricks need to be tested well before being used because the Moon has an extreme(极端的) environment.”可知，本段主要讲述了月球砖在使用前需要进行充分测试的原因，即月球环境极端恶劣。因此，选项A“为什么月球砖需要测试”是正确答案。
5. 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The lunar bricks will be sent to China's space station on the Tianzhou-8 spacecraft. There, scientists will check how well the bricks do in space.”可知，月球砖将在天舟八号飞船上被送往中国空间站进行测试。因此，选项C“它们将在中国空间站进行测试”是正确答案。
【答案】：
1. B；2. D；3. C；4. A；5. C。
这是一道英语阅读理解题，主要考查学生对文章细节的理解和把握能力。文章主要介绍了华中科技大学开发的“月球砖”，以及这些砖的用途、制作材料、结构特点、测试环境等方面的信息。接下来，我们将根据题目要求，逐一解答问题。
1. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They hope to use the bricks to build a base(基地) on the Moon.”可知，月球砖是为了在月球上建立基地而开发的。因此，选项B“在月球上建立基地”是正确答案。
2. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They also have mortise and tenon joint structures(榫卯结构), which were used in ancient Chinese buildings. This makes it possible to simply put these bricks together, just like Lego.”可知，榫卯结构使得这些砖可以像乐高一样简单地拼在一起，从而简化了建筑过程。因此，选项D“它们使建筑过程更容易”是正确答案。
3. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Lunar soil isn't the same everywhere on the Moon, Zhou added. For example, one of the kinds tested simulates the lunar soil at the landing site of Chang'e-5, which is mainly basalt(玄武岩).”可知，月球上的土壤各处不同，因此研究人员需要测试不同种类的模拟月壤以找到最适合制作月球砖的材料。因此，选项C“月球上的土壤各处不同”是正确答案。
4. 段落大意题。根据文章第五段“The lunar bricks need to be tested well before being used because the Moon has an extreme(极端的) environment.”可知，本段主要讲述了月球砖在使用前需要进行充分测试的原因，即月球环境极端恶劣。因此，选项A“为什么月球砖需要测试”是正确答案。
5. 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The lunar bricks will be sent to China's space station on the Tianzhou-8 spacecraft. There, scientists will check how well the bricks do in space.”可知，月球砖将在天舟八号飞船上被送往中国空间站进行测试。因此，选项C“它们将在中国空间站进行测试”是正确答案。
【答案】：
1. B；2. D；3. C；4. A；5. C。