Ⅱ. 阅读理解
A
The final event in the Olympics is the marathon. It is also usually the most exciting. As the leader comes into the stadium to run the last few metres of the 42-kilometre race, the crowd rises to their feet to shout and cheer. The name of the race comes from a battle in Ancient Greece. According to the story, a soldier ran from the scene of the battle, Marathon, to Athens, to bring the news of a Greek victory against the Persians. He died just after arriving.
The marathon has been an Olympic event since the modern games started in 1896. At first the distance was 40 kilometres—the distance between Marathon and Athens. In 1908, however, at the London Olympics, it was changed. The King of England wanted the runners to leave from his castle in Windsor and arrive in a new stadium in central London. The distance was 26 miles—about 42 kilometres. In fact, the 1908 marathon ended dramatically(戏剧性地). When the leader, an Italian, entered the stadium he turned the wrong way and fell onto the ground. Officials picked him up and helped him to the finishing line, just as the second runner, an American, entered the stadium. The Americans protested(抗议) and in the end the American runner was declared(宣布) the winner. Since then, there have been many more exciting marathons.
In fact, you don't have to wait for the Olympic Games to run or watch a marathon, as there are marathons in over sixty countries and hundreds of cities around the world today. One of the most famous marathons is in New York, and is watched by two million people around the streets and across the bridges of the city's five boroughs(行政区), and past New York's famous landmarks. But perhaps one of the most beautiful and extraordinary marathons ever is the Great Wall Marathon, which most competitors find is the toughest course to run.
The marathon is the final Olympic event because it is thought to be the hardest. But experts believe that most people—even people who are not particularly good at sport—can run a marathon, if they train for it.
( ) 1. When the leader comes into the stadium, the crowd ______.
A. runs to his feet happily
B. sings and dances
C. carries him to the line
D. shouts with excitement
( ) 2. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The name of the race comes from a battle in Greece.
B. From 1908, the marathon events are of the same length.
C. The soldier who ran from marathon to Athens won a gold medal.
D. The marathon events in the Games have the same length all the time.
( ) 3. Who won the marathon in 1908?
A. The leading runner.
B. The Greek winner.
C. The American runner.
D. The Italian soldier.
( ) 4. Which is the most special of the marathon events in the world according to the passage?
A. The Great Wall Marathon.
B. The marathon in New York.
C. The marathon in London in 2012.
D. The marathon in the Beijing Olympic Games.
( ) 1.
( ) 2.
( ) 3.
( ) 4.
A
The final event in the Olympics is the marathon. It is also usually the most exciting. As the leader comes into the stadium to run the last few metres of the 42-kilometre race, the crowd rises to their feet to shout and cheer. The name of the race comes from a battle in Ancient Greece. According to the story, a soldier ran from the scene of the battle, Marathon, to Athens, to bring the news of a Greek victory against the Persians. He died just after arriving.
The marathon has been an Olympic event since the modern games started in 1896. At first the distance was 40 kilometres—the distance between Marathon and Athens. In 1908, however, at the London Olympics, it was changed. The King of England wanted the runners to leave from his castle in Windsor and arrive in a new stadium in central London. The distance was 26 miles—about 42 kilometres. In fact, the 1908 marathon ended dramatically(戏剧性地). When the leader, an Italian, entered the stadium he turned the wrong way and fell onto the ground. Officials picked him up and helped him to the finishing line, just as the second runner, an American, entered the stadium. The Americans protested(抗议) and in the end the American runner was declared(宣布) the winner. Since then, there have been many more exciting marathons.
In fact, you don't have to wait for the Olympic Games to run or watch a marathon, as there are marathons in over sixty countries and hundreds of cities around the world today. One of the most famous marathons is in New York, and is watched by two million people around the streets and across the bridges of the city's five boroughs(行政区), and past New York's famous landmarks. But perhaps one of the most beautiful and extraordinary marathons ever is the Great Wall Marathon, which most competitors find is the toughest course to run.
The marathon is the final Olympic event because it is thought to be the hardest. But experts believe that most people—even people who are not particularly good at sport—can run a marathon, if they train for it.
( ) 1. When the leader comes into the stadium, the crowd ______.
A. runs to his feet happily
B. sings and dances
C. carries him to the line
D. shouts with excitement
( ) 2. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The name of the race comes from a battle in Greece.
B. From 1908, the marathon events are of the same length.
C. The soldier who ran from marathon to Athens won a gold medal.
D. The marathon events in the Games have the same length all the time.
( ) 3. Who won the marathon in 1908?
A. The leading runner.
B. The Greek winner.
C. The American runner.
D. The Italian soldier.
( ) 4. Which is the most special of the marathon events in the world according to the passage?
A. The Great Wall Marathon.
B. The marathon in New York.
C. The marathon in London in 2012.
D. The marathon in the Beijing Olympic Games.
( ) 1.
D
( ) 2.
A
( ) 3.
C
( ) 4.
A
答案：【解析】：本题主要考查了阅读理解的能力，包括细节理解、主旨大意等。题目给出了一个关于马拉松的阅读材料，并附带了几个问题。这些问题主要测试了读者对于文章内容的理解和把握。
1. 第一题是一个细节理解题，需要读者从文章中找到关于领跑者进入体育场时观众的反应。
2. 第二题是一个综合理解题，需要读者对文章的整体内容有深入的理解，才能准确判断各个选项的正确性。
3. 第三题是一个细节查找题，需要读者在文章中找到1908年马拉松比赛的获胜者。
4. 第四题是一个细节查找题，询问的是世界上最特别的马拉松赛事是哪一个。
【答案】：
1. D。根据文章第一段“As the leader comes into the stadium to run the last few metres of the 42-kilometre race, the crowd rises to their feet to shout and cheer.”可知，当领跑者进入体育场时，观众会兴奋地站起来欢呼，因此选项D“shouts with excitement”是正确的。
2. A。文章第一段明确提到“The name of the race comes from a battle in Ancient Greece.”，即马拉松的名字来源于古希腊的一场战争，因此选项A是正确的。
3. C。根据文章第二段“The Americans protested and in the end the American runner was declared the winner.”可知，1908年马拉松比赛的获胜者是美国选手，因此选项C是正确的。
4. A。文章第三段明确提到“But perhaps one of the most beautiful and extraordinary marathons ever is the Great Wall Marathon…”，即最特别、最美丽的马拉松之一是长城马拉松，因此选项A是正确的。
1. 第一题是一个细节理解题，需要读者从文章中找到关于领跑者进入体育场时观众的反应。
2. 第二题是一个综合理解题，需要读者对文章的整体内容有深入的理解，才能准确判断各个选项的正确性。
3. 第三题是一个细节查找题，需要读者在文章中找到1908年马拉松比赛的获胜者。
4. 第四题是一个细节查找题，询问的是世界上最特别的马拉松赛事是哪一个。
【答案】：
1. D。根据文章第一段“As the leader comes into the stadium to run the last few metres of the 42-kilometre race, the crowd rises to their feet to shout and cheer.”可知，当领跑者进入体育场时，观众会兴奋地站起来欢呼，因此选项D“shouts with excitement”是正确的。
2. A。文章第一段明确提到“The name of the race comes from a battle in Ancient Greece.”，即马拉松的名字来源于古希腊的一场战争，因此选项A是正确的。
3. C。根据文章第二段“The Americans protested and in the end the American runner was declared the winner.”可知，1908年马拉松比赛的获胜者是美国选手，因此选项C是正确的。
4. A。文章第三段明确提到“But perhaps one of the most beautiful and extraordinary marathons ever is the Great Wall Marathon…”，即最特别、最美丽的马拉松之一是长城马拉松，因此选项A是正确的。