B
One of America's best-known and most-loved authors is Louisa May Alcott. She wrote poems, plays, short stories and books. For over one hundred years, her works have been popular among both adults and children. How did Alcott become a famous writer?
Born in 1832, Alcott grew up in Massachusetts with her three sisters. At a very young age, she loved to write. She'd think up wonderful stories that she turned into plays, then Alcott and her sisters acted out the dramas. Alcott always played the most exciting parts: ghosts, bandits and evil queens. She also loved playing and wandering outdoors. In fact, she was considered quite a "tomboy". In those days, girls were expected to be ladylike, which meant mostly sitting around looking pretty. This was not Alcott's way! She once said that no boy could be her friend until she had beaten him in a race. Girls had to climb trees and leap fences with her if they wanted to be her friends.
Alcott's family was poor. At age fifteen, Alcott decided to help out. However, it was not easy for women to find work in the 19th century. Alcott worked at any job she could find. She took care of children, she taught, and she washed laundry for other people.
Alcott's love of writing was always an important part of her. She wrote from her own life experiences and from her imagination. During the Civil War, Alcott volunteered to work as a nurse. She wrote about the work in her book Hospital Sketches. She also wrote thrillers(惊悚小说) that were full of suspense. When her publisher asked her to write a book for girls, Alcott turned to her own life.
It was then, in 1868, that she wrote what was to become her most popular book, Little Women. The novel is set in New England during the Civil War. It tells the story of four sisters growing up. The family is very similar to the Alcotts. The book's main character, Jo, is based on Alcott herself. Like Alcott, Jo is a determined young woman with a mind of her own. The book was an instant success. It is still popular today and has been made into a movie. Alcott also wrote children's books with boys as the main characters. This was the case in two other Alcott books, Little Men and Jo's Boys.
Early in her career someone once told Alcott that she would give up writing and "stick to teaching". It is lucky that Alcott paid no attention to this person. She knew what she wanted to do with her life—and she did it!
( ) 4. Which words in paragraph 2 help readers know what the word "dramas" means?
A. turned into plays B. loved to write
C. grew up in Massachusetts D. wandering outdoors
( ) 5. Which question does paragraph 3 answer?
A. Where did Alcott go to work?
B. How did Alcott help her family?
C. What subject did Alcott teach at school?
D. Why was it difficult for women to find work?
( ) 6. In paragraph 5, why are the words Little Men and Jo's Boys written like this?
A. To make the words easier to read.
B. To show that they are titles of books.
C. To make them more interesting to readers.
D. To show that they are different from other books.
( ) 7. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A. To explain why some people should not give advice.
B. To advise readers to read more about Louisa May Alcott's life.
C. To show that Louisa May Alcott got what she wanted out of life.
D. To encourage readers to write stories about their own experiences.
( ) 8. What would be a good online search for this question: How did Alcott's family influence her writing?
A. Modern women writers
B. Novels and movies: Little Women
C. Putting together life and writing: Alcott
D. The complete works of Louisa May Alcott
One of America's best-known and most-loved authors is Louisa May Alcott. She wrote poems, plays, short stories and books. For over one hundred years, her works have been popular among both adults and children. How did Alcott become a famous writer?
Born in 1832, Alcott grew up in Massachusetts with her three sisters. At a very young age, she loved to write. She'd think up wonderful stories that she turned into plays, then Alcott and her sisters acted out the dramas. Alcott always played the most exciting parts: ghosts, bandits and evil queens. She also loved playing and wandering outdoors. In fact, she was considered quite a "tomboy". In those days, girls were expected to be ladylike, which meant mostly sitting around looking pretty. This was not Alcott's way! She once said that no boy could be her friend until she had beaten him in a race. Girls had to climb trees and leap fences with her if they wanted to be her friends.
Alcott's family was poor. At age fifteen, Alcott decided to help out. However, it was not easy for women to find work in the 19th century. Alcott worked at any job she could find. She took care of children, she taught, and she washed laundry for other people.
Alcott's love of writing was always an important part of her. She wrote from her own life experiences and from her imagination. During the Civil War, Alcott volunteered to work as a nurse. She wrote about the work in her book Hospital Sketches. She also wrote thrillers(惊悚小说) that were full of suspense. When her publisher asked her to write a book for girls, Alcott turned to her own life.
It was then, in 1868, that she wrote what was to become her most popular book, Little Women. The novel is set in New England during the Civil War. It tells the story of four sisters growing up. The family is very similar to the Alcotts. The book's main character, Jo, is based on Alcott herself. Like Alcott, Jo is a determined young woman with a mind of her own. The book was an instant success. It is still popular today and has been made into a movie. Alcott also wrote children's books with boys as the main characters. This was the case in two other Alcott books, Little Men and Jo's Boys.
Early in her career someone once told Alcott that she would give up writing and "stick to teaching". It is lucky that Alcott paid no attention to this person. She knew what she wanted to do with her life—and she did it!
( ) 4. Which words in paragraph 2 help readers know what the word "dramas" means?
A. turned into plays B. loved to write
C. grew up in Massachusetts D. wandering outdoors
( ) 5. Which question does paragraph 3 answer?
A. Where did Alcott go to work?
B. How did Alcott help her family?
C. What subject did Alcott teach at school?
D. Why was it difficult for women to find work?
( ) 6. In paragraph 5, why are the words Little Men and Jo's Boys written like this?
A. To make the words easier to read.
B. To show that they are titles of books.
C. To make them more interesting to readers.
D. To show that they are different from other books.
( ) 7. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A. To explain why some people should not give advice.
B. To advise readers to read more about Louisa May Alcott's life.
C. To show that Louisa May Alcott got what she wanted out of life.
D. To encourage readers to write stories about their own experiences.
( ) 8. What would be a good online search for this question: How did Alcott's family influence her writing?
A. Modern women writers
B. Novels and movies: Little Women
C. Putting together life and writing: Alcott
D. The complete works of Louisa May Alcott
答案：【解析】：
本题是一组英语阅读理解选择题，主要考查学生对英语文本的理解能力以及信息提取能力。题目给出了一个关于Louisa May Alcott的英语短文，并附带了几个问题，每个问题都有几个选项。
第4题是词义猜测题，需要学生根据上下文推测“dramas”这个词的含义。
第5题是细节理解题，需要学生从第三段中找到对应的信息来回答问题。
第6题是推理判断题，需要学生理解第五段中书名用特定方式书写的原因。
第7题是段落主旨题，需要学生理解最后一段的主要目的。
第8题是信息搜索题，需要学生根据题目要求，选择一个最合适的在线搜索关键词。
接下来我们会按照题目的顺序，逐一进行解答。
【答案】：
4. A
在第二段中，“She'd think up wonderful stories that she turned into plays, then Alcott and her sisters acted out the dramas.”这句话说明了Alcott会把想到的故事变成戏剧，然后和她的姐妹们表演这些戏剧。因此，“dramas”在这里指的是“plays”的表演形式，所以选项A“turned into plays”帮助读者理解“dramas”的含义。
5. B
第三段主要讲述了Alcott在15岁时决定帮助她的家庭，以及她如何努力找工作来帮助家庭。因此，这段回答了“Alcott如何帮助她的家庭”这个问题，所以选项B是正确的。
6. B
在第五段中，“Little Men”和“Jo's Boys”被特别提出来，并且用了斜体书写，这是为了表明它们是书的标题。因此，选项B“为了表明它们是书的标题”是正确的。
7. C
最后一段主要讲述了Alcott如何不顾他人的质疑，坚持自己的写作梦想，并最终取得了成功。这段的目的是为了表明Alcott从生活中得到了她想要的东西，所以选项C是正确的。
8. C
这个问题是询问Alcott的家庭是如何影响她的写作的。为了找到这个答案，我们需要搜索关于Alcott的生活和写作如何相互关联的信息。因此，选项C“将生活与写作结合起来：Alcott”是最合适的在线搜索关键词。
本题是一组英语阅读理解选择题，主要考查学生对英语文本的理解能力以及信息提取能力。题目给出了一个关于Louisa May Alcott的英语短文，并附带了几个问题，每个问题都有几个选项。
第4题是词义猜测题，需要学生根据上下文推测“dramas”这个词的含义。
第5题是细节理解题，需要学生从第三段中找到对应的信息来回答问题。
第6题是推理判断题，需要学生理解第五段中书名用特定方式书写的原因。
第7题是段落主旨题，需要学生理解最后一段的主要目的。
第8题是信息搜索题，需要学生根据题目要求，选择一个最合适的在线搜索关键词。
接下来我们会按照题目的顺序，逐一进行解答。
【答案】：
4. A
在第二段中，“She'd think up wonderful stories that she turned into plays, then Alcott and her sisters acted out the dramas.”这句话说明了Alcott会把想到的故事变成戏剧，然后和她的姐妹们表演这些戏剧。因此，“dramas”在这里指的是“plays”的表演形式，所以选项A“turned into plays”帮助读者理解“dramas”的含义。
5. B
第三段主要讲述了Alcott在15岁时决定帮助她的家庭，以及她如何努力找工作来帮助家庭。因此，这段回答了“Alcott如何帮助她的家庭”这个问题，所以选项B是正确的。
6. B
在第五段中，“Little Men”和“Jo's Boys”被特别提出来，并且用了斜体书写，这是为了表明它们是书的标题。因此，选项B“为了表明它们是书的标题”是正确的。
7. C
最后一段主要讲述了Alcott如何不顾他人的质疑，坚持自己的写作梦想，并最终取得了成功。这段的目的是为了表明Alcott从生活中得到了她想要的东西，所以选项C是正确的。
8. C
这个问题是询问Alcott的家庭是如何影响她的写作的。为了找到这个答案，我们需要搜索关于Alcott的生活和写作如何相互关联的信息。因此，选项C“将生活与写作结合起来：Alcott”是最合适的在线搜索关键词。
解析：
翻译:
B
路易莎·梅·奥尔科特是美国最知名、最受喜爱的作家之一。她创作诗歌、戏剧、短篇小说和书籍。一百多年来，她的作品深受成人和儿童的喜爱。奥尔科特是如何成为一名著名作家的呢？
奥尔科特出生于1832年，她和三个姐妹在马萨诸塞州长大。很小的时候，她就热爱写作。她会构思出精彩的故事，并把这些故事改编成戏剧，然后奥尔科特和她的姐妹们会表演这些戏剧。奥尔科特总是扮演最刺激的角色：幽灵、强盗和邪恶的女王。她还喜欢在户外玩耍和闲逛。事实上，她被认为是个十足的“假小子”。在那个年代，人们期望女孩举止端庄，这意味着她们大多只是坐着，看起来很漂亮。但这不是奥尔科特的风格！她曾说过，在赛跑中打败一个男孩之前，这个男孩不能成为她的朋友。如果女孩们想成为她的朋友，就必须和她一起爬树、跳过栅栏。
奥尔科特的家庭很贫穷。15岁时，奥尔科特决定帮忙。然而，在19世纪，女性找工作并不容易。奥尔科特做任何她能找到的工作。她照顾孩子、教书，还为别人洗衣服。
对写作的热爱一直是奥尔科特生活中重要的一部分。她从自己的生活经历和想象中汲取灵感进行创作。美国内战期间，奥尔科特自愿成为一名护士。她在自己的书《医院速写》中记录了这份工作。她还写充满悬念的惊悚小说。当她的出版商要求她为女孩写一本书时，奥尔科特从自己的生活中寻找素材。
就在1868年，她写出了后来成为她最受欢迎的书《小妇人》。这部小说以美国内战期间的新英格兰为背景，讲述了四个姐妹的成长故事。这个家庭和奥尔科特的家庭非常相似。这本书的主角乔是以奥尔科特自己为原型的。和奥尔科特一样，乔是一个意志坚定、有自己想法的年轻女子。这本书一经出版就大获成功。它至今仍受欢迎，还被改编成了电影。奥尔科特还写过以男孩为主角的儿童书籍。她的另外两本书《小绅士》和《乔的男孩子们》也是如此。
在她职业生涯的早期，有人曾告诉奥尔科特，她会放弃写作，“专心教书”。幸运的是，奥尔科特没有理会这个人。她知道自己一生想要做什么——而且她做到了！
4. 第二段中的哪些词能帮助读者理解“dramas”这个词的意思？
A. 改编成戏剧
B. 热爱写作
C. 在马萨诸塞州长大
D. 在户外闲逛
5. 第三段回答了哪个问题？
A. 奥尔科特去哪里工作了？
B. 奥尔科特是如何帮助她的家庭的？
C. 奥尔科特在学校教什么科目？
D. 为什么女性找工作很困难？
6. 在第五段中，为什么《小绅士》和《乔的男孩子们》这两个词要这样写？
A. 为了让这些词更容易阅读。
B. 为了表明它们是书籍的标题。
C. 为了让它们对读者更有吸引力。
D. 为了表明它们与其他书不同。
7. 最后一段的目的是什么？
A. 解释为什么有些人不应该给出建议。
B. 建议读者更多地了解路易莎·梅·奥尔科特的生活。
C. 表明路易莎·梅·奥尔科特从生活中得到了她想要的东西。
D. 鼓励读者写关于自己经历的故事。
8. 对于“奥尔科特的家庭对她的写作有何影响？”这个问题，以下哪个是很好的在线搜索内容？
A. 现代女性作家
B. 小说和电影：《小妇人》
C. 生活与写作的融合：奥尔科特
D. 路易莎·梅·奥尔科特的全集
B
路易莎·梅·奥尔科特是美国最知名、最受喜爱的作家之一。她创作诗歌、戏剧、短篇小说和书籍。一百多年来，她的作品深受成人和儿童的喜爱。奥尔科特是如何成为一名著名作家的呢？
奥尔科特出生于1832年，她和三个姐妹在马萨诸塞州长大。很小的时候，她就热爱写作。她会构思出精彩的故事，并把这些故事改编成戏剧，然后奥尔科特和她的姐妹们会表演这些戏剧。奥尔科特总是扮演最刺激的角色：幽灵、强盗和邪恶的女王。她还喜欢在户外玩耍和闲逛。事实上，她被认为是个十足的“假小子”。在那个年代，人们期望女孩举止端庄，这意味着她们大多只是坐着，看起来很漂亮。但这不是奥尔科特的风格！她曾说过，在赛跑中打败一个男孩之前，这个男孩不能成为她的朋友。如果女孩们想成为她的朋友，就必须和她一起爬树、跳过栅栏。
奥尔科特的家庭很贫穷。15岁时，奥尔科特决定帮忙。然而，在19世纪，女性找工作并不容易。奥尔科特做任何她能找到的工作。她照顾孩子、教书，还为别人洗衣服。
对写作的热爱一直是奥尔科特生活中重要的一部分。她从自己的生活经历和想象中汲取灵感进行创作。美国内战期间，奥尔科特自愿成为一名护士。她在自己的书《医院速写》中记录了这份工作。她还写充满悬念的惊悚小说。当她的出版商要求她为女孩写一本书时，奥尔科特从自己的生活中寻找素材。
就在1868年，她写出了后来成为她最受欢迎的书《小妇人》。这部小说以美国内战期间的新英格兰为背景，讲述了四个姐妹的成长故事。这个家庭和奥尔科特的家庭非常相似。这本书的主角乔是以奥尔科特自己为原型的。和奥尔科特一样，乔是一个意志坚定、有自己想法的年轻女子。这本书一经出版就大获成功。它至今仍受欢迎，还被改编成了电影。奥尔科特还写过以男孩为主角的儿童书籍。她的另外两本书《小绅士》和《乔的男孩子们》也是如此。
在她职业生涯的早期，有人曾告诉奥尔科特，她会放弃写作，“专心教书”。幸运的是，奥尔科特没有理会这个人。她知道自己一生想要做什么——而且她做到了！
4. 第二段中的哪些词能帮助读者理解“dramas”这个词的意思？
A. 改编成戏剧
B. 热爱写作
C. 在马萨诸塞州长大
D. 在户外闲逛
5. 第三段回答了哪个问题？
A. 奥尔科特去哪里工作了？
B. 奥尔科特是如何帮助她的家庭的？
C. 奥尔科特在学校教什么科目？
D. 为什么女性找工作很困难？
6. 在第五段中，为什么《小绅士》和《乔的男孩子们》这两个词要这样写？
A. 为了让这些词更容易阅读。
B. 为了表明它们是书籍的标题。
C. 为了让它们对读者更有吸引力。
D. 为了表明它们与其他书不同。
7. 最后一段的目的是什么？
A. 解释为什么有些人不应该给出建议。
B. 建议读者更多地了解路易莎·梅·奥尔科特的生活。
C. 表明路易莎·梅·奥尔科特从生活中得到了她想要的东西。
D. 鼓励读者写关于自己经历的故事。
8. 对于“奥尔科特的家庭对她的写作有何影响？”这个问题，以下哪个是很好的在线搜索内容？
A. 现代女性作家
B. 小说和电影：《小妇人》
C. 生活与写作的融合：奥尔科特
D. 路易莎·梅·奥尔科特的全集