Ⅴ. 任务型阅读
阅读下面的短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入1个最恰当的单词。
In 221 BC, Emperor Qin Shi Huang took over the other six states and set up the first unified kingdom in Chinese history. In order to strengthen his newly born authority and protect the north from the Huns (匈奴人), he ordered to build walls. Therefore, many people believed that it was Emperor Qin Shi Huang who first built the Great Wall. But researchers claimed that before Qin's Great Wall, the six states had already built their own walls to protect themselves. Emperor Qin Shi Huang ordered the previous wall sections of different states to be linked together and extended. The Great Wall of Qin seemed like a dragon, which runs from Lintao in the west to Liaodong in the east.
Thus, it was named "Wanli Changcheng". In the Western Han Dynasty, the Huns became more powerful. The Han court started to build more walls on a larger scale in order to guard the frontier. In the west, the wall along the Hexi Corridor (河西走廊), Yumenguan Pass, and Yangguan Pass was built. In the north, Yanmenguan Pass and Niangziguan Pass in Shanxi were set up. Many more sections of the wall extended to Yinshan Mountain and half of the ancient Silk Road was along the Han's wall.
The Northern Wei, Northern Qi and Northern Zhou Dynasties all built their own sections but on a smaller scale than the walls in the Han Dynasty. The powerful Tang Dynasty saw peace between the northern tribes and central China for a long time, so few Great Wall sections were built in the period.
The Ming Dynasty is the peak of wall building in Chinese history. The Ming suffered a lot by troubles from minority tribes. The Ming court, from its first emperor to the last, endlessly built walls in the north. Besides adding many more miles of its own, the Ming emperors ordered enlargement of the walls of previous dynasties. For example, out of Yanmenguan Pass were added three big stone walls and 23 small stone walls. The countless walls and watchtowers made the country much safer than before. In the early Qing Dynasty, some sections of the walls were repaired and several sections were extended. This great engineering work stopped in the middle of the Qing Dynasty.
Owing to its long history, natural disasters and human activities, many parts of the Great Wall are badly damaged and disappearing. Being a world-famous engineering project and seeing the rise and fall of Chinese history, the Great Wall needs us to take action to protect it at once!
| The (1) of the Great Wall |
| The six states | The (2) of building the walls was to protect the states. |
| The Qin Dynasty | (3) many people believed that it was Emperor Qin Shi Huang who first built the Great Wall, researchers claimed that before Qin's Great Wall, the six states had already built their own walls. |
| The Western Han Dynasty | Many more sections of the wall extended to Yinshan Mountain and (4) per cent of the ancient Silk Road was along the Han's wall. |
| Between the Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty | All the dynasties built the walls, (5) the Northern Wei, Northern Qi and Northern Zhou Dynasties. |
| The Tang Dynasty | The Tang Dynasty itself was so (6) that there was no need to build the walls. |
| The Ming Dynasty | • The Ming court, from its first emperor to the last, never (7) building walls because the Ming suffered a lot by troubles from minority tribes.• To make the country much safer than before, the Ming court built a great (8) of walls and watchtowers. |
| The Qing Dynasty | The Qing court repaired and extended some sections of the walls (9) the middle of the Qing Dynasty. |
| At present | It's (10) for us to take action to protect the Great Wall. |