阅读下列材料,从材料后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
A pathway(路径) to meaning in life
When it comes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. A life filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life?
Many researchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors: having long-term goals, believing that one's life matters, and feeling that one's life fits together and "makes sense".
But we believe there is more to take into account. Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating(欣赏) such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation (EA). EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for life's beauty.
We recently set out to better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was also tied to general judgement of meaning in life. If so, it could be a factor for meaningfulness.
In the first study, we had people rate(评估) their support for different methods of reducing stress. We found that people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation for life's beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful.
In the next study, we asked people to rate the degree to which they agreed with various statements, such as "I appreciate the beauty of life" and "I appreciate little things in life", as well as other statements that related to the three factors and a general sense of meaning in life. Our results showed that the more people reported that they were "appreciating life" and its many experiences, the more they felt their life was valuable.
In the following studies, we further looked at the connection between EA and meaningfulness. For example, we found that people who were asked to look back on the most meaningful event of the past week generally reported high EA in those moments.
All the results proved our theory(假设) true. But putting it into practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with goals. We try to get the highest output both at work and in spare time. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. We should slow down and let life surprise us.
(
A. you stopped to admire the roses by the roadside
B. you hurried to serve the customers in the shop
C. you practised hard to become the best violinist
D. you made a travel plan for the coming holiday
(
A. Thinking back to the past weakens our sense of meaning.
B. Enjoying small things can influence our attitude towards life.
C. Proper stress management is the key to living a satisfying life.
D. Good judgement on beauty improves connections among people.
(
A. A fast-paced lifestyle helps us reach our goals.
B. We often turn a blind eye to the present moment.
C. Future life will bring us many more surprises.
D. It is easier for results-driven people to achieve success.
(
A. To explain how to discover beauty in life.
B. To discuss what the true meaning of life is.
C. To introduce a new factor for a meaningful life.
D. To compare different factors for meaningfulness.
A
A pathway(路径) to meaning in life
When it comes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. A life filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life?
Many researchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors: having long-term goals, believing that one's life matters, and feeling that one's life fits together and "makes sense".
But we believe there is more to take into account. Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating(欣赏) such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation (EA). EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for life's beauty.
We recently set out to better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was also tied to general judgement of meaning in life. If so, it could be a factor for meaningfulness.
In the first study, we had people rate(评估) their support for different methods of reducing stress. We found that people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation for life's beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful.
In the next study, we asked people to rate the degree to which they agreed with various statements, such as "I appreciate the beauty of life" and "I appreciate little things in life", as well as other statements that related to the three factors and a general sense of meaning in life. Our results showed that the more people reported that they were "appreciating life" and its many experiences, the more they felt their life was valuable.
In the following studies, we further looked at the connection between EA and meaningfulness. For example, we found that people who were asked to look back on the most meaningful event of the past week generally reported high EA in those moments.
All the results proved our theory(假设) true. But putting it into practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with goals. We try to get the highest output both at work and in spare time. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. We should slow down and let life surprise us.
(
A
) 1. You could be in the EA condition when ______.A. you stopped to admire the roses by the roadside
B. you hurried to serve the customers in the shop
C. you practised hard to become the best violinist
D. you made a travel plan for the coming holiday
(
B
) 2. What can we learn from the studies mentioned in the passage?A. Thinking back to the past weakens our sense of meaning.
B. Enjoying small things can influence our attitude towards life.
C. Proper stress management is the key to living a satisfying life.
D. Good judgement on beauty improves connections among people.
(
B
) 3. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. A fast-paced lifestyle helps us reach our goals.
B. We often turn a blind eye to the present moment.
C. Future life will bring us many more surprises.
D. It is easier for results-driven people to achieve success.
(
C
) 4. What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?A. To explain how to discover beauty in life.
B. To discuss what the true meaning of life is.
C. To introduce a new factor for a meaningful life.
D. To compare different factors for meaningfulness.
答案：1. A
2. B
3. B
4. C
2. B
3. B
4. C
解析：
翻译:
### 寻找生命意义的途径
当谈到有意义的生活时，我们可能会想到爱、幸福和健康。大多数人都希望自己的生活充满意义。那么，什么能让生活有意义呢？
许多研究人员认为，有意义的生活归结为三个因素：有长期目标、相信自己的生命很重要，以及感觉自己的生活是连贯的且“有意义”。
但我们认为还有更多因素需要考虑。有时生活能让我们体验到一些美好的瞬间。当人们乐于欣赏这些体验时，这些瞬间可能会改变他们看待自己生活的方式。我们把这称为体验式欣赏（EA）。体验式欣赏是指一个人感觉与事件相关联，并能够欣赏这种关联中的价值。它体现了对生活之美的发现和赞赏。
我们最近开始在研究中更好地理解体验式欣赏。我们感兴趣的是，体验式欣赏是否也与对生命意义的总体判断有关。如果是这样，它可能是使生活有意义的一个因素。
在第一项研究中，我们让人们对他们支持的不同减压方法进行评估。我们发现，那些通过专注于欣赏生活之美来管理压力的人，也报告说他们觉得生活非常有意义。
在接下来的研究中，我们要求人们对他们对各种陈述的认同程度进行评分，比如“我欣赏生活的美”和“我欣赏生活中的小事”，以及其他与这三个因素和生命的总体意义感相关的陈述。我们的结果显示，人们越说自己“欣赏生活”及其诸多体验，他们就越觉得自己的生活有价值。
在后续的研究中，我们进一步研究了体验式欣赏和生命意义之间的联系。例如，我们发现，那些被要求回顾过去一周最有意义事件的人，在那些时刻通常报告出较高的体验式欣赏水平。
所有的结果都证明了我们的假设是正确的。但将其付诸实践可能会很困难。我们快节奏的生活方式让每一天都充满了目标。我们试图在工作和业余时间都获得最高的产出。这种对未来结果的关注让我们太容易错过当下正在发生的事情。我们应该放慢脚步，让生活给我们带来惊喜。
1. 当______时，你可能处于体验式欣赏的状态。
A. 你停下来欣赏路边的玫瑰
B. 你匆忙地在店里为顾客服务
C. 你努力练习想成为最好的小提琴手
D. 你为即将到来的假期制定旅行计划
2. 我们从文章中提到的研究中能了解到什么？
A. 回顾过去会削弱我们的意义感。
B. 欣赏小事会影响我们对生活的态度。
C. 适当的压力管理是过上满意生活的关键。
D. 对美的良好判断能改善人与人之间的联系。
3. 最后一段主要告诉我们什么？
A. 快节奏的生活方式帮助我们实现目标。
B. 我们常常对当下的时刻视而不见。
C. 未来的生活将给我们带来更多惊喜。
D. 以结果为导向的人更容易取得成功。
4. 作者写这篇文章的主要目的是什么？
A. 解释如何发现生活中的美。
B. 讨论生命的真正意义是什么。
C. 介绍使生活有意义的一个新因素。
D. 比较使生活有意义的不同因素。
### 寻找生命意义的途径
当谈到有意义的生活时，我们可能会想到爱、幸福和健康。大多数人都希望自己的生活充满意义。那么，什么能让生活有意义呢？
许多研究人员认为，有意义的生活归结为三个因素：有长期目标、相信自己的生命很重要，以及感觉自己的生活是连贯的且“有意义”。
但我们认为还有更多因素需要考虑。有时生活能让我们体验到一些美好的瞬间。当人们乐于欣赏这些体验时，这些瞬间可能会改变他们看待自己生活的方式。我们把这称为体验式欣赏（EA）。体验式欣赏是指一个人感觉与事件相关联，并能够欣赏这种关联中的价值。它体现了对生活之美的发现和赞赏。
我们最近开始在研究中更好地理解体验式欣赏。我们感兴趣的是，体验式欣赏是否也与对生命意义的总体判断有关。如果是这样，它可能是使生活有意义的一个因素。
在第一项研究中，我们让人们对他们支持的不同减压方法进行评估。我们发现，那些通过专注于欣赏生活之美来管理压力的人，也报告说他们觉得生活非常有意义。
在接下来的研究中，我们要求人们对他们对各种陈述的认同程度进行评分，比如“我欣赏生活的美”和“我欣赏生活中的小事”，以及其他与这三个因素和生命的总体意义感相关的陈述。我们的结果显示，人们越说自己“欣赏生活”及其诸多体验，他们就越觉得自己的生活有价值。
在后续的研究中，我们进一步研究了体验式欣赏和生命意义之间的联系。例如，我们发现，那些被要求回顾过去一周最有意义事件的人，在那些时刻通常报告出较高的体验式欣赏水平。
所有的结果都证明了我们的假设是正确的。但将其付诸实践可能会很困难。我们快节奏的生活方式让每一天都充满了目标。我们试图在工作和业余时间都获得最高的产出。这种对未来结果的关注让我们太容易错过当下正在发生的事情。我们应该放慢脚步，让生活给我们带来惊喜。
1. 当______时，你可能处于体验式欣赏的状态。
A. 你停下来欣赏路边的玫瑰
B. 你匆忙地在店里为顾客服务
C. 你努力练习想成为最好的小提琴手
D. 你为即将到来的假期制定旅行计划
2. 我们从文章中提到的研究中能了解到什么？
A. 回顾过去会削弱我们的意义感。
B. 欣赏小事会影响我们对生活的态度。
C. 适当的压力管理是过上满意生活的关键。
D. 对美的良好判断能改善人与人之间的联系。
3. 最后一段主要告诉我们什么？
A. 快节奏的生活方式帮助我们实现目标。
B. 我们常常对当下的时刻视而不见。
C. 未来的生活将给我们带来更多惊喜。
D. 以结果为导向的人更容易取得成功。
4. 作者写这篇文章的主要目的是什么？
A. 解释如何发现生活中的美。
B. 讨论生命的真正意义是什么。
C. 介绍使生活有意义的一个新因素。
D. 比较使生活有意义的不同因素。