四、阅读理解
Last year,hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew would include discomfort and danger. Many would become sick because of the extreme cold and low air pressure(气压),and a few would even lose their lives. However,by the end of the trip,many were already planning a return to Qomolangma. For these people,climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other,making some feel weak and others,▲.
Mallory wrote of climbing Qomolangma,"What we get from this adventure(冒险)is pure joy... We do not live to eat and make money. We eat and make money to be able to enjoy life. That is what life means." Sadly,Mallory died on the mountain in 1924,and his body was not found until many years later. It is still not known if he successfully reached the top of Qomolangma before it took his life.
In 2011,words similar to those of Mallory were spoken by American mountain climber Alan Arnette,who climbed Qomolangma that year and was going to climb other high mountains around the world. "It brings into focus what's important to you." He added,"There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going. You really have to focus on the one reason that's most important to you. It forces you to look deep inside yourself and find out if you really have the physical,as well as mental(精神的),toughness(坚韧不拔)to push when you want to stop."
With most attempts(尝试)to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure,is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking? Recent studies show that risk-taking may be part of human nature,with some of us more likely to take risks than others. Psychologist Frank Farley has spent years studying people who jump out of planes and drive fast cars,as well as those who climb Qomolangma. He refers to the personalities of these people as "Type T",with the "T" standing for "thrill(激动)". Speaking to the LA Times about the "Type T" personalities,Farley said,"They'll say,'I'm not taking risks. I'm an expert.' They don't want to die and they don't expect to die."
With this in mind,is climbing Qomolangma worth the risks? It's totally up to you.
(
A. useless B. helpful C. powerful D. interested
(
A. People care much about eating and making money. B. It's hard to find a reason for climbing Qomolangma.
C. Nothing but joy can be felt in climbing Qomolangma. D. Climbing Qomolangma is a journey of gaining life pleasure.
(
A. love doing sports B. are crazy about thrills C. seldom take risks D. have mental problems
(
A. To encourage(鼓励)people to climb Qomolangma. B. To explain why so many people take risks to climb Qomolangma.
C. To advise people not to risk climbing Qomolangma. D. To introduce two brave mountain climbers.
Unit 1 Exercise 4 Grammar
Last year,hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew would include discomfort and danger. Many would become sick because of the extreme cold and low air pressure(气压),and a few would even lose their lives. However,by the end of the trip,many were already planning a return to Qomolangma. For these people,climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other,making some feel weak and others,▲.
Mallory wrote of climbing Qomolangma,"What we get from this adventure(冒险)is pure joy... We do not live to eat and make money. We eat and make money to be able to enjoy life. That is what life means." Sadly,Mallory died on the mountain in 1924,and his body was not found until many years later. It is still not known if he successfully reached the top of Qomolangma before it took his life.
In 2011,words similar to those of Mallory were spoken by American mountain climber Alan Arnette,who climbed Qomolangma that year and was going to climb other high mountains around the world. "It brings into focus what's important to you." He added,"There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going. You really have to focus on the one reason that's most important to you. It forces you to look deep inside yourself and find out if you really have the physical,as well as mental(精神的),toughness(坚韧不拔)to push when you want to stop."
With most attempts(尝试)to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure,is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking? Recent studies show that risk-taking may be part of human nature,with some of us more likely to take risks than others. Psychologist Frank Farley has spent years studying people who jump out of planes and drive fast cars,as well as those who climb Qomolangma. He refers to the personalities of these people as "Type T",with the "T" standing for "thrill(激动)". Speaking to the LA Times about the "Type T" personalities,Farley said,"They'll say,'I'm not taking risks. I'm an expert.' They don't want to die and they don't expect to die."
With this in mind,is climbing Qomolangma worth the risks? It's totally up to you.
(
C
)1. What can be filled in the "▲" in Paragraph 1? A. useless B. helpful C. powerful D. interested
(
D
)2. What can be inferred(推断)from the mountain climbers' words in Paragraphs 2-3? A. People care much about eating and making money. B. It's hard to find a reason for climbing Qomolangma.
C. Nothing but joy can be felt in climbing Qomolangma. D. Climbing Qomolangma is a journey of gaining life pleasure.
(
B
)3. According to Frank Farley,"Type T" people ______. A. love doing sports B. are crazy about thrills C. seldom take risks D. have mental problems
(
B
)4. What's the writer's purpose in writing the passage? A. To encourage(鼓励)people to climb Qomolangma. B. To explain why so many people take risks to climb Qomolangma.
C. To advise people not to risk climbing Qomolangma. D. To introduce two brave mountain climbers.
Unit 1 Exercise 4 Grammar
答案：【解析】：
这是一道英语阅读理解题，主要考查学生对文章内容的理解和推理能力。文章主要讨论了人们攀登珠穆朗玛峰的动机和风险，以及科学家对冒险行为的研究。题目类型为选择题，需要从文章中找出相关信息，并结合选项进行推理判断。
1. 第一题考查对文章第一段中空白处应填词汇的理解。根据上下文，攀登珠穆朗玛峰对某些人来说是一种无与伦比的体验，让他们感到虚弱，而对其他人来说则是强大的。因此，应选择表示“强大的”词汇。
2. 第二题考查对文章第二、三段中登山者话语的推理能力。根据登山者的描述，攀登珠穆朗玛峰不仅仅是为了冒险，更是为了获得生活的乐趣和成就感。因此，应选择表示“攀登珠穆朗玛峰是获得生活乐趣的旅程”的选项。
3. 第三题考查对科学家Frank Farley关于“Type T”人格描述的理解。根据文章，Frank Farley指出，“Type T”人格的人喜欢刺激和冒险，因此应选择表示“对刺激疯狂”的选项。
4. 第四题考查对文章整体意图的理解。文章主要讨论了为什么这么多人愿意冒险攀登珠穆朗玛峰，并引用了科学家的话来解释这一现象。因此，应选择表示“解释为什么这么多人冒险攀登珠穆朗玛峰”的选项。
【答案】：
1. C
2. D
3. B
4. B
这是一道英语阅读理解题，主要考查学生对文章内容的理解和推理能力。文章主要讨论了人们攀登珠穆朗玛峰的动机和风险，以及科学家对冒险行为的研究。题目类型为选择题，需要从文章中找出相关信息，并结合选项进行推理判断。
1. 第一题考查对文章第一段中空白处应填词汇的理解。根据上下文，攀登珠穆朗玛峰对某些人来说是一种无与伦比的体验，让他们感到虚弱，而对其他人来说则是强大的。因此，应选择表示“强大的”词汇。
2. 第二题考查对文章第二、三段中登山者话语的推理能力。根据登山者的描述，攀登珠穆朗玛峰不仅仅是为了冒险，更是为了获得生活的乐趣和成就感。因此，应选择表示“攀登珠穆朗玛峰是获得生活乐趣的旅程”的选项。
3. 第三题考查对科学家Frank Farley关于“Type T”人格描述的理解。根据文章，Frank Farley指出，“Type T”人格的人喜欢刺激和冒险，因此应选择表示“对刺激疯狂”的选项。
4. 第四题考查对文章整体意图的理解。文章主要讨论了为什么这么多人愿意冒险攀登珠穆朗玛峰，并引用了科学家的话来解释这一现象。因此，应选择表示“解释为什么这么多人冒险攀登珠穆朗玛峰”的选项。
【答案】：
1. C
2. D
3. B
4. B
解析：
翻译:
### 四、阅读理解
去年，数百人花了大价钱去体验一种他们明知会包含不适和危险的经历。许多人会因为极度寒冷和低气压而生病，还有一些人甚至会失去生命。然而，旅行结束时，许多人已经在计划再次攀登珠穆朗玛峰了。对这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一种独一无二的体验，它让一些人感到虚弱，而另一些人则感到______。
马洛里曾这样描述攀登珠穆朗玛峰：“我们从这次冒险中得到的是纯粹的快乐……我们活着不是为了吃饭和赚钱。我们吃饭和赚钱是为了能够享受生活。这就是生活的意义。”遗憾的是，马洛里于1924年在山上遇难，他的尸体多年后才被发现。至今仍不清楚他在丧生之前是否成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰。
2011年，美国登山者艾伦·阿内特说出了与马洛里类似的话，他在那一年攀登了珠穆朗玛峰，并且打算攀登世界上其他的高山。“它让你关注对你来说重要的东西。”他补充道，“有一千个理由让你转身放弃，只有一个理由让你继续前进。你真的必须专注于对你来说最重要的那个理由。它迫使你深入审视自己，看看当你想要停止的时候，你是否真的有身体和精神上的坚韧去继续前进。”
大多数攀登珠穆朗玛峰的尝试要么完全成功，要么彻底失败，这种冒险行为背后是否也有科学原因呢？最近的研究表明，冒险可能是人类天性的一部分，我们中的一些人比其他人更有可能去冒险。心理学家弗兰克·法利花了数年时间研究那些从飞机上跳下来、开快车的人，以及那些攀登珠穆朗玛峰的人。他把这些人的性格称为“T型人格”，其中的“T”代表“激动”。法利在接受《洛杉矶时报》采访时谈到“T型人格”时说：“他们会说，‘我不是在冒险。我是个专家。’他们不想死，也不认为自己会死。”
考虑到这一点，攀登珠穆朗玛峰值得冒这些风险吗？这完全取决于你。
1. 第一段中的“▲”处可以填什么？
A. 无用的
B. 有帮助的
C. 强大的；有力量的
D. 感兴趣的
2. 从第2 - 3段登山者的话中可以推断出什么？
A. 人们非常在意吃饭和赚钱。
B. 很难找到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的理由。
C. 攀登珠穆朗玛峰时只能感受到快乐。
D. 攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一段获得生活乐趣的旅程。
3. 根据弗兰克·法利的说法，“T型人格”的人______。
A. 喜欢做运动
B. 痴迷于刺激
C. 很少冒险
D. 有精神问题
4. 作者写这篇文章的目的是什么？
A. 鼓励人们攀登珠穆朗玛峰。
B. 解释为什么这么多人冒险攀登珠穆朗玛峰。
C. 建议人们不要冒险攀登珠穆朗玛峰。
D. 介绍两位勇敢的登山者。
### 四、阅读理解
去年，数百人花了大价钱去体验一种他们明知会包含不适和危险的经历。许多人会因为极度寒冷和低气压而生病，还有一些人甚至会失去生命。然而，旅行结束时，许多人已经在计划再次攀登珠穆朗玛峰了。对这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一种独一无二的体验，它让一些人感到虚弱，而另一些人则感到______。
马洛里曾这样描述攀登珠穆朗玛峰：“我们从这次冒险中得到的是纯粹的快乐……我们活着不是为了吃饭和赚钱。我们吃饭和赚钱是为了能够享受生活。这就是生活的意义。”遗憾的是，马洛里于1924年在山上遇难，他的尸体多年后才被发现。至今仍不清楚他在丧生之前是否成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰。
2011年，美国登山者艾伦·阿内特说出了与马洛里类似的话，他在那一年攀登了珠穆朗玛峰，并且打算攀登世界上其他的高山。“它让你关注对你来说重要的东西。”他补充道，“有一千个理由让你转身放弃，只有一个理由让你继续前进。你真的必须专注于对你来说最重要的那个理由。它迫使你深入审视自己，看看当你想要停止的时候，你是否真的有身体和精神上的坚韧去继续前进。”
大多数攀登珠穆朗玛峰的尝试要么完全成功，要么彻底失败，这种冒险行为背后是否也有科学原因呢？最近的研究表明，冒险可能是人类天性的一部分，我们中的一些人比其他人更有可能去冒险。心理学家弗兰克·法利花了数年时间研究那些从飞机上跳下来、开快车的人，以及那些攀登珠穆朗玛峰的人。他把这些人的性格称为“T型人格”，其中的“T”代表“激动”。法利在接受《洛杉矶时报》采访时谈到“T型人格”时说：“他们会说，‘我不是在冒险。我是个专家。’他们不想死，也不认为自己会死。”
考虑到这一点，攀登珠穆朗玛峰值得冒这些风险吗？这完全取决于你。
1. 第一段中的“▲”处可以填什么？
A. 无用的
B. 有帮助的
C. 强大的；有力量的
D. 感兴趣的
2. 从第2 - 3段登山者的话中可以推断出什么？
A. 人们非常在意吃饭和赚钱。
B. 很难找到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的理由。
C. 攀登珠穆朗玛峰时只能感受到快乐。
D. 攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一段获得生活乐趣的旅程。
3. 根据弗兰克·法利的说法，“T型人格”的人______。
A. 喜欢做运动
B. 痴迷于刺激
C. 很少冒险
D. 有精神问题
4. 作者写这篇文章的目的是什么？
A. 鼓励人们攀登珠穆朗玛峰。
B. 解释为什么这么多人冒险攀登珠穆朗玛峰。
C. 建议人们不要冒险攀登珠穆朗玛峰。
D. 介绍两位勇敢的登山者。