B(2024·淮安市金湖期末)
Environmentalists(环保人士) are getting more worried about the effects of fast fashion on the environment. Fast fashion is the production of clothes in a large number at a low cost. They are put in shops and online stores quickly to create a high demand. Manufacturers(制造商) make 100 billion all kinds of clothes every year. This is expected to grow 60 per cent by 2030.
The fast fashion business model is having a negative effect on the environment. Many of the clothes end up in dustbins and are not recycled. Another negative effect on the environment is caused by the chemicals used to make the clothes. These cause health problems to people working in clothes factories.
The way people are buying clothes is adding to the problem of clothing waste. Many years ago, people went to stores and tried clothes on. People took more time and thought more carefully before they bought clothes. They also wore them longer. Today, people order cheap clothes on the internet and if they don't like them, they send them back. Some people say this is causing a throwaway(用完即弃的) society. Some people buy clothes and never even wear them. The German media company Deutsche Welle wrote, "Every year in Europe, four million tons of clothing ends up in dustbins. Less than one per cent of this is recycled."
It seems the fashion industry is not so sustainable(可持续的).
(
A. Worried.
B. Uninterested.
C. Surprised.
D. Pleased.
(
A. Many people like to buy cheap clothes on the internet.
B. Clothes in stores are much better than those on the internet.
C. Online shopping is causing more and more clothing waste.
D. People in Europe waste lots of clothes every year.
(
A. The Meaning of Fast Fashion
B. The History of Fast Fashion
C. Problems with Fast Fashion
D. Health Problems with Fast Fashion
Environmentalists(环保人士) are getting more worried about the effects of fast fashion on the environment. Fast fashion is the production of clothes in a large number at a low cost. They are put in shops and online stores quickly to create a high demand. Manufacturers(制造商) make 100 billion all kinds of clothes every year. This is expected to grow 60 per cent by 2030.
The fast fashion business model is having a negative effect on the environment. Many of the clothes end up in dustbins and are not recycled. Another negative effect on the environment is caused by the chemicals used to make the clothes. These cause health problems to people working in clothes factories.
The way people are buying clothes is adding to the problem of clothing waste. Many years ago, people went to stores and tried clothes on. People took more time and thought more carefully before they bought clothes. They also wore them longer. Today, people order cheap clothes on the internet and if they don't like them, they send them back. Some people say this is causing a throwaway(用完即弃的) society. Some people buy clothes and never even wear them. The German media company Deutsche Welle wrote, "Every year in Europe, four million tons of clothing ends up in dustbins. Less than one per cent of this is recycled."
It seems the fashion industry is not so sustainable(可持续的).
(
A
)1. 新考法 观点态度 What's the writer's feeling about the fast fashion?A. Worried.
B. Uninterested.
C. Surprised.
D. Pleased.
(
C
)2. What does the third paragraph mainly tell us?A. Many people like to buy cheap clothes on the internet.
B. Clothes in stores are much better than those on the internet.
C. Online shopping is causing more and more clothing waste.
D. People in Europe waste lots of clothes every year.
(
C
)3. What's the best title for the text?A. The Meaning of Fast Fashion
B. The History of Fast Fashion
C. Problems with Fast Fashion
D. Health Problems with Fast Fashion
答案：1. A 【解析】根据第一段中“Environmentalists are getting more worried about the effects of fast fashion on the environment.”和最后一段“It seems the fashion industry is not so sustainable.”可知，作者对快时尚是感到担忧的。
2. C 【解析】根据第三段中“Today, people order cheap clothes on the internet... this is causing a throwaway society.”可知，第三段主要介绍网购衣服导致越来越多的浪费。
3. C
2. C 【解析】根据第三段中“Today, people order cheap clothes on the internet... this is causing a throwaway society.”可知，第三段主要介绍网购衣服导致越来越多的浪费。
3. C
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇环保主题的阅读理解题，包含三类典型阅读题型，解题思路如下：1. 做观点态度题时，不要主观臆断，先定位文中体现情感倾向的语句，结合全文整体基调判断作者态度；2. 做段落大意题时，优先找段落的主题句，区分段落核心主旨和支撑性的细节例子，不要把局部细节当成整段主旨；3. 选择文章最佳标题时，要选出能覆盖全文核心内容的选项，排除内容片面、文中未提及的干扰项。
【解析】
1. 第一题：通读全文可知，文章开篇就提到环保人士愈发担忧快时尚对环境的影响，全文都在罗列快时尚带来的衣物浪费、化工污染、产业不可持续等负面问题，结尾也点明快时尚产业并不具备可持续性，能明确看出作者对快时尚持担忧的态度，B（不感兴趣）、C（惊讶）、D（愉悦）均不符合原文情感倾向，因此选A。
2. 第二题：第三段首句直接点明核心“人们购买衣服的方式正在加剧衣物浪费问题”，后文通过对比过去和现在人们的购衣习惯，重点说明当下网购廉价衣物、随意退单、买了不穿的行为催生了用完即弃的社会，带来越来越多的衣物浪费。A选项只是段落中的局部细节，B选项内容原文完全没有提及，D选项只是文中举的欧洲的例子，都不是第三段的核心主旨，因此选C。
3. 第三题：全文依次介绍了快时尚的基本定义，快时尚对环境造成的各类负面影响，以及当下的购衣方式进一步加剧衣物浪费的现状，全部内容都围绕快时尚带来的各类问题展开。A选项仅涉及快时尚的含义，过于片面；B选项的快时尚历史在文中完全没有提及；D选项仅提到快时尚带来的健康问题，覆盖范围太窄，因此最佳标题是C。
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. C
【知识点】
作者态度判断，段落大意归纳，阅读标题选择
【点评】
本题属于初中英语常规阅读理解题型，主题贴合当下环保热点，考点覆盖了阅读理解三类高频考法，解题时要注意避开“把局部细节当成主旨”的常见误区，做题时先定位对应内容，再结合整体逻辑判断选项，不要被片面的干扰项误导。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇环保主题的阅读理解题，包含三类典型阅读题型，解题思路如下：1. 做观点态度题时，不要主观臆断，先定位文中体现情感倾向的语句，结合全文整体基调判断作者态度；2. 做段落大意题时，优先找段落的主题句，区分段落核心主旨和支撑性的细节例子，不要把局部细节当成整段主旨；3. 选择文章最佳标题时，要选出能覆盖全文核心内容的选项，排除内容片面、文中未提及的干扰项。
【解析】
1. 第一题：通读全文可知，文章开篇就提到环保人士愈发担忧快时尚对环境的影响，全文都在罗列快时尚带来的衣物浪费、化工污染、产业不可持续等负面问题，结尾也点明快时尚产业并不具备可持续性，能明确看出作者对快时尚持担忧的态度，B（不感兴趣）、C（惊讶）、D（愉悦）均不符合原文情感倾向，因此选A。
2. 第二题：第三段首句直接点明核心“人们购买衣服的方式正在加剧衣物浪费问题”，后文通过对比过去和现在人们的购衣习惯，重点说明当下网购廉价衣物、随意退单、买了不穿的行为催生了用完即弃的社会，带来越来越多的衣物浪费。A选项只是段落中的局部细节，B选项内容原文完全没有提及，D选项只是文中举的欧洲的例子，都不是第三段的核心主旨，因此选C。
3. 第三题：全文依次介绍了快时尚的基本定义，快时尚对环境造成的各类负面影响，以及当下的购衣方式进一步加剧衣物浪费的现状，全部内容都围绕快时尚带来的各类问题展开。A选项仅涉及快时尚的含义，过于片面；B选项的快时尚历史在文中完全没有提及；D选项仅提到快时尚带来的健康问题，覆盖范围太窄，因此最佳标题是C。
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. C
【知识点】
作者态度判断，段落大意归纳，阅读标题选择
【点评】
本题属于初中英语常规阅读理解题型，主题贴合当下环保热点，考点覆盖了阅读理解三类高频考法，解题时要注意避开“把局部细节当成主旨”的常见误区，做题时先定位对应内容，再结合整体逻辑判断选项，不要被片面的干扰项误导。
【难度系数】
0.7
C(2024·广东)
always, among, and, answer, believe, big, but, city, grow, seldom, they, whenever
As summer comes around, outdoor activities are getting more and more popular. One of 1 is bike riding, or biking. The biking craze(热潮) is now sweeping through China.
Wang Jing is a student from Hangzhou. She 2 exercised before because she didn't like sport much. But since her hometown hosted the Asian Games in 2023, her interest in sport has 3 a lot. She has realized the benefits of sport 4 is now a big fan of biking.
"I feel free and peaceful 5 I ride," Wang said. "Biking allows me to experience the beauty along the road and the world seems to slow down," she added. Wang is only one of those who are deeply in love with biking. In 6 like Chengdu and Beijing, thousands of people have started to join in the biking craze.
Will the craze in China last for a long time? The 7 is "Yes". Thanks to the craze, there have been events like group rides and bike festivals. These create a sense of community 8 bikers. They share road information, biking experience and sometimes even meals. They are just like a 9 family. As biking has become a lifestyle, experts 10 that this biking craze will continue. They expect a sharp increase in the number of bike riders.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
always, among, and, answer, believe, big, but, city, grow, seldom, they, whenever
As summer comes around, outdoor activities are getting more and more popular. One of 1 is bike riding, or biking. The biking craze(热潮) is now sweeping through China.
Wang Jing is a student from Hangzhou. She 2 exercised before because she didn't like sport much. But since her hometown hosted the Asian Games in 2023, her interest in sport has 3 a lot. She has realized the benefits of sport 4 is now a big fan of biking.
"I feel free and peaceful 5 I ride," Wang said. "Biking allows me to experience the beauty along the road and the world seems to slow down," she added. Wang is only one of those who are deeply in love with biking. In 6 like Chengdu and Beijing, thousands of people have started to join in the biking craze.
Will the craze in China last for a long time? The 7 is "Yes". Thanks to the craze, there have been events like group rides and bike festivals. These create a sense of community 8 bikers. They share road information, biking experience and sometimes even meals. They are just like a 9 family. As biking has become a lifestyle, experts 10 that this biking craze will continue. They expect a sharp increase in the number of bike riders.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
答案：1. them 2. seldom 3. grown 4. and
5. whenever 6. cities 7. answer 8. among
9. big 10. believe
5. whenever 6. cities 7. answer 8. among
9. big 10. believe
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇短文选词填空题，解题思路如下：1. 首先通读全文，明确文章主题是介绍当下中国流行的骑行热潮，把握整体行文逻辑；2. 先梳理题干给出的12个备选词的词义、词性，标记出多余的2个词；3. 逐空结合上下文语义、句子语法结构，筛选匹配对应词汇，同时注意根据语法规则对单词进行正确的形式变形，最后代入全文通读校验，确保语义通顺、语法正确。比如第1空，前面提到户外活动越来越受欢迎，“其中之一是骑行”，one of后要接指代outdoor activities的代词宾格，对应备选词里they的变形them，以此类推逐个推导即可。
【解析】
1. 句意：户外活动越来越受欢迎，其中之一就是骑行。one of后接代词宾格指代前文的outdoor activities，备选词they的宾格形式为them，故填them。
2. 句意：她以前很少锻炼，因为她不太喜欢运动。根据后文“didn't like sport much”可知此处表示否定含义“很少”，对应备选词seldom，符合语境，故填seldom。
3. 句意：但自从她的家乡2023年举办亚运会以来，她对运动的兴趣增长了很多。本句为现在完成时，结构为has+动词过去分词，备选词grow的过去分词grown表示“增长”，符合语义，故填grown。
4. 句意：她意识到了运动的好处，现在已经是骑行的忠实粉丝。前后两个分句是顺承并列关系，用并列连词and连接，故填and。
5. 句意：“每当我骑行的时候，我都感到自由和平静”，王晶说。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“无论什么时候、每当”，对应备选词whenever，故填whenever。
6. 句意：在成都、北京这类城市里，成千上万的人加入了骑行热潮。根据后文列举的多个城市，可知此处要用可数名词city的复数形式cities，故填cities。
7. 句意：这个热潮会在中国持续很长时间吗？答案是“是的”。对应前文的问句，此处表示“答案”，填备选词answer，故填answer。
8. 句意：这些活动在骑行者之间营造出了社群感。介词among表示“在（三者及以上）之中”，符合“在众多骑行者之间”的语义，故填among。
9. 句意：他们就像一个大家庭。形容词big修饰名词family，big family表示“大家庭”，符合语境，故填big。
10. 句意：随着骑行成为一种生活方式，专家们相信这股骑行热潮会持续下去。主语experts是复数，一般现在时谓语动词用原形，备选词believe表示“相信”，符合语义，故填believe。
【答案】
1. them 2. seldom 3. grown 4. and
5. whenever 6. cities 7. answer 8. among
9. big 10. believe
【知识点】
短文选词填空，词形变换，语境词义辨析
【点评】
本题属于初中英语典型的选词填空题型，既考察学生对全文主旨的整体把握能力，也覆盖了副词、动词时态、连词、名词复数、介词等基础语法点的应用，需要学生结合上下文语义筛选匹配词汇，同时注意正确变形，整体考点基础，没有偏难怪的设置。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇短文选词填空题，解题思路如下：1. 首先通读全文，明确文章主题是介绍当下中国流行的骑行热潮，把握整体行文逻辑；2. 先梳理题干给出的12个备选词的词义、词性，标记出多余的2个词；3. 逐空结合上下文语义、句子语法结构，筛选匹配对应词汇，同时注意根据语法规则对单词进行正确的形式变形，最后代入全文通读校验，确保语义通顺、语法正确。比如第1空，前面提到户外活动越来越受欢迎，“其中之一是骑行”，one of后要接指代outdoor activities的代词宾格，对应备选词里they的变形them，以此类推逐个推导即可。
【解析】
1. 句意：户外活动越来越受欢迎，其中之一就是骑行。one of后接代词宾格指代前文的outdoor activities，备选词they的宾格形式为them，故填them。
2. 句意：她以前很少锻炼，因为她不太喜欢运动。根据后文“didn't like sport much”可知此处表示否定含义“很少”，对应备选词seldom，符合语境，故填seldom。
3. 句意：但自从她的家乡2023年举办亚运会以来，她对运动的兴趣增长了很多。本句为现在完成时，结构为has+动词过去分词，备选词grow的过去分词grown表示“增长”，符合语义，故填grown。
4. 句意：她意识到了运动的好处，现在已经是骑行的忠实粉丝。前后两个分句是顺承并列关系，用并列连词and连接，故填and。
5. 句意：“每当我骑行的时候，我都感到自由和平静”，王晶说。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“无论什么时候、每当”，对应备选词whenever，故填whenever。
6. 句意：在成都、北京这类城市里，成千上万的人加入了骑行热潮。根据后文列举的多个城市，可知此处要用可数名词city的复数形式cities，故填cities。
7. 句意：这个热潮会在中国持续很长时间吗？答案是“是的”。对应前文的问句，此处表示“答案”，填备选词answer，故填answer。
8. 句意：这些活动在骑行者之间营造出了社群感。介词among表示“在（三者及以上）之中”，符合“在众多骑行者之间”的语义，故填among。
9. 句意：他们就像一个大家庭。形容词big修饰名词family，big family表示“大家庭”，符合语境，故填big。
10. 句意：随着骑行成为一种生活方式，专家们相信这股骑行热潮会持续下去。主语experts是复数，一般现在时谓语动词用原形，备选词believe表示“相信”，符合语义，故填believe。
【答案】
1. them 2. seldom 3. grown 4. and
5. whenever 6. cities 7. answer 8. among
9. big 10. believe
【知识点】
短文选词填空，词形变换，语境词义辨析
【点评】
本题属于初中英语典型的选词填空题型，既考察学生对全文主旨的整体把握能力，也覆盖了副词、动词时态、连词、名词复数、介词等基础语法点的应用，需要学生结合上下文语义筛选匹配词汇，同时注意正确变形，整体考点基础，没有偏难怪的设置。
【难度系数】
0.7