四、阅读理解。
(新素材 人文地理)The Xisha Islands are in the north - west part of the South China Sea. They are beautiful places with nice views and many resources(资源). This is how our primary school textbook describes them.
Many Chinese people know about the South China Sea and the Xisha Islands, but only a few have been there. These islands are faraway and have a weak ecosystem(生态环境). Because of this, most activities there are just fishing, protecting the environment, and doing scientific study. Visitors are mainly government workers, fishermen's relatives, and media members.
In 2007, the Chinese government set up Sansha City on Xisha's Yongxing Island. I once visited Yongle Islands, part of Sansha. I thought the fishermen's homes would be simple, but they were very comfortable. The island had a vegetable garden, and green vegetables were seen on the local tables. I stayed in a hotel with a playground downstairs. After dinner, everyone got together to play games. Later, I walked along the island's paths, enjoying the sea view and peaceful moment.
Fishermen told me they used traditional ways to fish. They knew exactly which fish could be caught because of their different sizes. As for smaller fish, fishermen released them back into the sea.
One thing that I never forgot was an outdoor movie called Island Keeper. It was about a couple who guarded(保卫)the island for 32 years. Many fishermen were moved to tears. One fisherman said as life on the island improved, his family loved to stay on the island during the fishing season. He also drove a passenger boat, so he made more money even when he was not fishing.
The careful management(管理)of the Xisha Islands limits tourism but gives job opportunities(机会)to local fishermen.
1. (新考法 组合选择)What causes only a few people to visit the Xisha Islands?
① The islands are faraway.
② Not many people know the islands.
③ The ecosystem there is weak.
④ The islands are used for scientific study.
A. ①②
B. ③④
C. ①③
D. ②④
2. What does the underlined word “released” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Looked for.
B. Cut... down.
C. Took care of.
D. Let... go.
3. (新考法 篇章结构)Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?
(新素材 人文地理)The Xisha Islands are in the north - west part of the South China Sea. They are beautiful places with nice views and many resources(资源). This is how our primary school textbook describes them.
Many Chinese people know about the South China Sea and the Xisha Islands, but only a few have been there. These islands are faraway and have a weak ecosystem(生态环境). Because of this, most activities there are just fishing, protecting the environment, and doing scientific study. Visitors are mainly government workers, fishermen's relatives, and media members.
In 2007, the Chinese government set up Sansha City on Xisha's Yongxing Island. I once visited Yongle Islands, part of Sansha. I thought the fishermen's homes would be simple, but they were very comfortable. The island had a vegetable garden, and green vegetables were seen on the local tables. I stayed in a hotel with a playground downstairs. After dinner, everyone got together to play games. Later, I walked along the island's paths, enjoying the sea view and peaceful moment.
Fishermen told me they used traditional ways to fish. They knew exactly which fish could be caught because of their different sizes. As for smaller fish, fishermen released them back into the sea.
One thing that I never forgot was an outdoor movie called Island Keeper. It was about a couple who guarded(保卫)the island for 32 years. Many fishermen were moved to tears. One fisherman said as life on the island improved, his family loved to stay on the island during the fishing season. He also drove a passenger boat, so he made more money even when he was not fishing.
The careful management(管理)of the Xisha Islands limits tourism but gives job opportunities(机会)to local fishermen.
1. (新考法 组合选择)What causes only a few people to visit the Xisha Islands?
① The islands are faraway.
② Not many people know the islands.
③ The ecosystem there is weak.
④ The islands are used for scientific study.
A. ①②
B. ③④
C. ①③
D. ②④
2. What does the underlined word “released” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Looked for.
B. Cut... down.
C. Took care of.
D. Let... go.
3. (新考法 篇章结构)Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?
答案：1. C 【解析】根据第二段中“These islands are faraway and have a weak ecosystem.”可知，因为这些岛屿很遥远且生态环境脆弱，所以只有少数人去参观西沙群岛。
2. D
3. A 【解析】通读全文可知，第一段介绍了小学课本上描述的西沙群岛；第二段介绍了中国人对西沙群岛的认知；第三至五段描述了作者在西沙群岛的所见所闻；最后一段总述政府对西沙群岛的管理和对当地渔民的工作扶持。因此 A 项符合文章结构。
2. D
3. A 【解析】通读全文可知，第一段介绍了小学课本上描述的西沙群岛；第二段介绍了中国人对西沙群岛的认知；第三至五段描述了作者在西沙群岛的所见所闻；最后一段总述政府对西沙群岛的管理和对当地渔民的工作扶持。因此 A 项符合文章结构。
解析：
【分析】
我们可以分三步逐个完成解题：
1. 解第1题：首先明确题干要求找出很少有人游览西沙群岛的原因，直接定位到原文第二段，逐一核对4个表述：原文明确提到西沙群岛位置偏远、生态环境脆弱，对应①和③；同时原文第二段开头说明很多中国人都知晓西沙群岛，②表述错误；科考是当地允许开展的活动之一，并非到访人数少的原因，④表述错误，最终确定符合要求的是①③。
2. 解第2题：词义猜测题定位到第四段，前文提到渔民会区分不同大小的鱼判断是否可以捕捞，结合生态捕鱼的常识，针对小鱼的合理操作是将其放回海中，由此推断划线词的含义。
3. 解第3题：逐段梳理全文行文逻辑：第1段总起引入西沙群岛的基础介绍，第2段承接介绍西沙的基本现状，第3-5段并列展开作者实地探访的多方面见闻，最后一段总结西沙管理模式的优势，匹配对应结构图即可。
【解析】
1. 细节组合题：根据第二段原文"These islands are faraway and have a weak ecosystem"，可知①岛屿偏远、③生态脆弱是到访西沙人数极少的直接原因；原文明确说明很多中国人都了解西沙群岛，②错误；科考是当地合规开展的活动类型，并非到访人数少的原因，④错误，因此选C。
2. 词义猜测题：第四段语境说明渔民会选择性捕捞成鱼，将幼鱼放回海中保护渔业资源，"released"此处含义为释放、放走，和Let...go表意一致，因此选D。
3. 篇章结构题：梳理全文逻辑：第1段总起介绍西沙群岛的基础背景，第2段承接说明西沙的访客特征与现有活动类型，第3、4、5段并列分别从居住体验、捕鱼方式、渔民生活三个维度展开作者的实地见闻，第6段总结西沙精细化管理的积极意义，该逻辑完全匹配A选项的结构图。
【答案】
1. C 2. D 3. A
【知识点】
细节信息查找，词义猜测，篇章结构梳理
【点评】
本题选取我国西沙群岛的人文地理主题，在考查英语阅读核心能力的同时渗透家国情怀，组合选择、篇章结构的新考法跳出了单纯查找细节的惯性，要求学生主动梳理文本逻辑，对学生的整体文本把控能力有一定要求，干扰项设置贴合学生容易误读的细节点，区分度较好。
【难度系数】
0.6
我们可以分三步逐个完成解题：
1. 解第1题：首先明确题干要求找出很少有人游览西沙群岛的原因，直接定位到原文第二段，逐一核对4个表述：原文明确提到西沙群岛位置偏远、生态环境脆弱，对应①和③；同时原文第二段开头说明很多中国人都知晓西沙群岛，②表述错误；科考是当地允许开展的活动之一，并非到访人数少的原因，④表述错误，最终确定符合要求的是①③。
2. 解第2题：词义猜测题定位到第四段，前文提到渔民会区分不同大小的鱼判断是否可以捕捞，结合生态捕鱼的常识，针对小鱼的合理操作是将其放回海中，由此推断划线词的含义。
3. 解第3题：逐段梳理全文行文逻辑：第1段总起引入西沙群岛的基础介绍，第2段承接介绍西沙的基本现状，第3-5段并列展开作者实地探访的多方面见闻，最后一段总结西沙管理模式的优势，匹配对应结构图即可。
【解析】
1. 细节组合题：根据第二段原文"These islands are faraway and have a weak ecosystem"，可知①岛屿偏远、③生态脆弱是到访西沙人数极少的直接原因；原文明确说明很多中国人都了解西沙群岛，②错误；科考是当地合规开展的活动类型，并非到访人数少的原因，④错误，因此选C。
2. 词义猜测题：第四段语境说明渔民会选择性捕捞成鱼，将幼鱼放回海中保护渔业资源，"released"此处含义为释放、放走，和Let...go表意一致，因此选D。
3. 篇章结构题：梳理全文逻辑：第1段总起介绍西沙群岛的基础背景，第2段承接说明西沙的访客特征与现有活动类型，第3、4、5段并列分别从居住体验、捕鱼方式、渔民生活三个维度展开作者的实地见闻，第6段总结西沙精细化管理的积极意义，该逻辑完全匹配A选项的结构图。
【答案】
1. C 2. D 3. A
【知识点】
细节信息查找，词义猜测，篇章结构梳理
【点评】
本题选取我国西沙群岛的人文地理主题，在考查英语阅读核心能力的同时渗透家国情怀，组合选择、篇章结构的新考法跳出了单纯查找细节的惯性，要求学生主动梳理文本逻辑，对学生的整体文本把控能力有一定要求，干扰项设置贴合学生容易误读的细节点，区分度较好。
【难度系数】
0.6