一、（2023·四川成都中考改编）方框选词。
understand，however，use，it，why，change，point，weak，worry，against
A：You look 1. What's the matter?
B：I'll have a ping - pong match 2 Mike tomorrow. I think I'll lose it because he is much better than me.
A：Don't worry too much. Let's play a game. Look，is this glass of milk half - full or half - empty?
B：Half - empty. What's the 3 of it?
A：This game 4 to test people's opinions. The opposite opinions show people treating life in two different ways. I guess you don't often believe things will turn out well.
B：No，I don't. When I face challenges，I always feel nervous about what lies ahead.
A：Perhaps you don't have a good 5 of challenges. Why don't you think positively? I mean，look at the bright side.
B：But how?
A：If Mike beats you，don't be sad. Think about his strengths and your 6，instead. And then learn from him.
B：Maybe you're right. I need to be less worried，but I don't know 7 I can't help worrying.
A：Well，worrying 8 is not always bad. It warns you of risks，just like a fire alarm. 9，the trouble is that sometimes it goes off when there isn't a huge danger.
B：I see. So a half - full glass of milk means thinking positively. The game teaches me 10 the way I think. I'll learn to do it. Thanks.
A：Hope things work out.
understand，however，use，it，why，change，point，weak，worry，against
A：You look 1. What's the matter?
B：I'll have a ping - pong match 2 Mike tomorrow. I think I'll lose it because he is much better than me.
A：Don't worry too much. Let's play a game. Look，is this glass of milk half - full or half - empty?
B：Half - empty. What's the 3 of it?
A：This game 4 to test people's opinions. The opposite opinions show people treating life in two different ways. I guess you don't often believe things will turn out well.
B：No，I don't. When I face challenges，I always feel nervous about what lies ahead.
A：Perhaps you don't have a good 5 of challenges. Why don't you think positively? I mean，look at the bright side.
B：But how?
A：If Mike beats you，don't be sad. Think about his strengths and your 6，instead. And then learn from him.
B：Maybe you're right. I need to be less worried，but I don't know 7 I can't help worrying.
A：Well，worrying 8 is not always bad. It warns you of risks，just like a fire alarm. 9，the trouble is that sometimes it goes off when there isn't a huge danger.
B：I see. So a half - full glass of milk means thinking positively. The game teaches me 10 the way I think. I'll learn to do it. Thanks.
A：Hope things work out.
答案：1. worried
2. against
3. point
4. is used
5. understanding
6. weaknesses
7. why
8. itself
9. However
10. to change
2. against
3. point
4. is used
5. understanding
6. weaknesses
7. why
8. itself
9. However
10. to change
解析：
翻译:
一、（2023·四川成都中考改编）方框选词。
理解，然而，使用，它，为什么，改变，要点，弱点，担心，与……对抗
A：你看起来很担心。怎么了？
B：我明天要和迈克进行一场乒乓球比赛。我觉得我会输，因为他比我厉害多了。
A：别太担心。我们来做个游戏。看，这杯牛奶是半满的还是半空的？
B：半空的。这有什么要点？
A：这个游戏是用来测试人们的看法的。相反的看法表明人们对待生活的两种不同方式。我猜你不常相信事情会有好的结果。
B：不，我不相信。当我面对挑战时，我总是对未来感到紧张。
A：也许你对挑战没有很好的理解。你为什么不往好的方面想呢？我的意思是，看看好的一面。
B：但是怎么做呢？
A：如果迈克打败了你，别难过。相反，想想他的优点和你的弱点。然后向他学习。
B：也许你是对的。我需要少担心，但我不知道为什么我忍不住担心。
A：嗯，担心本身并不总是坏事。它会提醒你注意风险，就像火灾警报一样。然而，问题是有时候在没有巨大危险的时候它也会响起。
B：我明白了。所以半满的牛奶意味着积极思考。这个游戏教会我改变我的思维方式。我会学着去做的。谢谢。
A：希望一切顺利。
一、（2023·四川成都中考改编）方框选词。
理解，然而，使用，它，为什么，改变，要点，弱点，担心，与……对抗
A：你看起来很担心。怎么了？
B：我明天要和迈克进行一场乒乓球比赛。我觉得我会输，因为他比我厉害多了。
A：别太担心。我们来做个游戏。看，这杯牛奶是半满的还是半空的？
B：半空的。这有什么要点？
A：这个游戏是用来测试人们的看法的。相反的看法表明人们对待生活的两种不同方式。我猜你不常相信事情会有好的结果。
B：不，我不相信。当我面对挑战时，我总是对未来感到紧张。
A：也许你对挑战没有很好的理解。你为什么不往好的方面想呢？我的意思是，看看好的一面。
B：但是怎么做呢？
A：如果迈克打败了你，别难过。相反，想想他的优点和你的弱点。然后向他学习。
B：也许你是对的。我需要少担心，但我不知道为什么我忍不住担心。
A：嗯，担心本身并不总是坏事。它会提醒你注意风险，就像火灾警报一样。然而，问题是有时候在没有巨大危险的时候它也会响起。
B：我明白了。所以半满的牛奶意味着积极思考。这个游戏教会我改变我的思维方式。我会学着去做的。谢谢。
A：希望一切顺利。
二、（2024·常州市新北区北郊中学一模）阅读理解。
① What do a student in China，an office worker in the UK and an astronaut in space all have in common? They all eat instant noodles（方便面）. And they're not alone—over 100 billion servings（一份食物）of instant noodles are sold around the world each year，making them one of the world's most successful industrial foods（大规模生产的加工食品）. But how did this happen?
② Put simply，they're cheap to produce and cheap to buy，which is exactly what their creator expected. Momofuku Ando，a Japanese businessman，spent a year improving the recipe（配方）just after the Second World War. He wanted to make something similar to traditional Japanese ramen noodles（拉面）. He used the wheat flour（面粉）donated to Japan by the USA government. His creation was quickly popular，playing an important role in Japan's economic（经济的）rise after the war. Even in the year 2000—according to a poll by the Fuji Research Institute—instant noodles were voted Japan's most successful invention. They were much more popular than high - speed trains，laptops or karaoke.
③ But Japanese people are not alone in their devotion to instant noodles. According to the World's Instant Noodles Association，China，Indonesia，Vietnam and India—in that order—the sales of instant noodles in these countries were all bigger than Japan in 2021. Instant noodles' popularity abroad simply depends on how easy they are to adapt to（适应）local tastes. In Thailand，for example，you can get green curry flavour，while in Mexico the noodles are decorated with lime and salsa. And it seems that buyers have grown to expect new creation. Nissin，the food company set up by Ando，created over 300 products yearly，just in Japan，according to employee Kasura Suzuki.
④ Different from those who love instant noodles，some people do not like the noodles very much. Their rise in popularity has come at an environmental cost—they're made with palm oil（棕榈油）. As a result，more trees are cut down. Also，their packaging is plastic. And while they are a hot，tasty and filling meal，instant noodles don't have much nutritional（营养的）value，and include high levels of salt and fat. Anyway，instant noodles are undoubtedly lifesavers in emergency or extreme（极端的）situations.
⑤ More than 60 years after their invention，instant noodles have become the default（默认）food for anyone short on money，time，or even a kitchen.
1. What kind of instant noodles did the creator want to make?
A. Nutritional.
B. Salty.
C. Cheap.
D. Convenient.
2. The sales of the instant noodles depend on how well people like the noodles. Which country ate the most instant noodles in 2021? Please choose the CORRECT order.
A. Japan＞India＞China＞Indonesia＞Vietnam
B. India＞China＞Japan＞Indonesia＞Vietnam
C. China＞India＞Vietnam＞Indonesia＞Japan
D. China＞Indonesia＞Vietnam＞India＞Japan
3. What can we learn about instant noodles from the passage?
A. People around the world all eat instant noodles.
B. The more people eat instant noodles，the more trees may be cut down.
C. Only people short of money，time，or even a kitchen choose instant noodles.
D. A Japanese businessman made instant noodles the same as traditional Japanese ramen noodles.
4. 新考法 篇章结构 What is the CORRECT structure of the passage?
① What do a student in China，an office worker in the UK and an astronaut in space all have in common? They all eat instant noodles（方便面）. And they're not alone—over 100 billion servings（一份食物）of instant noodles are sold around the world each year，making them one of the world's most successful industrial foods（大规模生产的加工食品）. But how did this happen?
② Put simply，they're cheap to produce and cheap to buy，which is exactly what their creator expected. Momofuku Ando，a Japanese businessman，spent a year improving the recipe（配方）just after the Second World War. He wanted to make something similar to traditional Japanese ramen noodles（拉面）. He used the wheat flour（面粉）donated to Japan by the USA government. His creation was quickly popular，playing an important role in Japan's economic（经济的）rise after the war. Even in the year 2000—according to a poll by the Fuji Research Institute—instant noodles were voted Japan's most successful invention. They were much more popular than high - speed trains，laptops or karaoke.
③ But Japanese people are not alone in their devotion to instant noodles. According to the World's Instant Noodles Association，China，Indonesia，Vietnam and India—in that order—the sales of instant noodles in these countries were all bigger than Japan in 2021. Instant noodles' popularity abroad simply depends on how easy they are to adapt to（适应）local tastes. In Thailand，for example，you can get green curry flavour，while in Mexico the noodles are decorated with lime and salsa. And it seems that buyers have grown to expect new creation. Nissin，the food company set up by Ando，created over 300 products yearly，just in Japan，according to employee Kasura Suzuki.
④ Different from those who love instant noodles，some people do not like the noodles very much. Their rise in popularity has come at an environmental cost—they're made with palm oil（棕榈油）. As a result，more trees are cut down. Also，their packaging is plastic. And while they are a hot，tasty and filling meal，instant noodles don't have much nutritional（营养的）value，and include high levels of salt and fat. Anyway，instant noodles are undoubtedly lifesavers in emergency or extreme（极端的）situations.
⑤ More than 60 years after their invention，instant noodles have become the default（默认）food for anyone short on money，time，or even a kitchen.
1. What kind of instant noodles did the creator want to make?
A. Nutritional.
B. Salty.
C. Cheap.
D. Convenient.
2. The sales of the instant noodles depend on how well people like the noodles. Which country ate the most instant noodles in 2021? Please choose the CORRECT order.
A. Japan＞India＞China＞Indonesia＞Vietnam
B. India＞China＞Japan＞Indonesia＞Vietnam
C. China＞India＞Vietnam＞Indonesia＞Japan
D. China＞Indonesia＞Vietnam＞India＞Japan
3. What can we learn about instant noodles from the passage?
A. People around the world all eat instant noodles.
B. The more people eat instant noodles，the more trees may be cut down.
C. Only people short of money，time，or even a kitchen choose instant noodles.
D. A Japanese businessman made instant noodles the same as traditional Japanese ramen noodles.
4. 新考法 篇章结构 What is the CORRECT structure of the passage?
答案：1. C
2. D
3. B
4. A
【解析】通读全文可知，第一段讲述方便面在全球很受欢迎，引出下文；第二、三两段讲述方便面的发明、受众和销量，以及方便面口味的研发；第四段与第二、三两段并列，讲述一部分人不喜欢方便面的原因；最后一段总结全文，讲述人们对方便面的定位，则A项符合文章结构。
2. D
3. B
4. A
【解析】通读全文可知，第一段讲述方便面在全球很受欢迎，引出下文；第二、三两段讲述方便面的发明、受众和销量，以及方便面口味的研发；第四段与第二、三两段并列，讲述一部分人不喜欢方便面的原因；最后一段总结全文，讲述人们对方便面的定位，则A项符合文章结构。
解析：
翻译:
二、（2024·常州市新北区北郊中学一模）阅读理解。
①一名中国学生、一名英国上班族和一名太空宇航员有什么共同之处呢？他们都吃方便面。而且不止他们——每年全球售出的方便面超过1000亿份，这使方便面成为世界上最成功的工业化食品之一。但这是怎么发生的呢？
②简而言之，方便面生产起来便宜，买起来也便宜，这正是它的发明者所期望的。二战刚结束后，日本商人安藤百福花了一年时间改进配方。他想要做出类似日本传统拉面的食物。他使用了美国政府捐赠给日本的小麦面粉。他的发明很快就流行起来，在战后日本的经济崛起中发挥了重要作用。根据富士研究所的一项民意调查，即使在2000年，方便面也被评为日本最成功的发明。它们比高铁、笔记本电脑或卡拉OK受欢迎得多。
③但对方便面的喜爱并非只有日本人。根据世界方便面协会的数据，2021年，中国、印度尼西亚、越南和印度（按此顺序）的方便面销量都超过了日本。方便面在国外的受欢迎程度仅仅取决于它们能多好地适应当地口味。例如，在泰国，你能买到绿咖喱味的方便面，而在墨西哥，面条上会搭配酸橙和萨尔萨辣酱。而且似乎消费者已经开始期待新的产品创新。据员工铃木霞介绍，安藤创立的食品公司日清，仅在日本每年就推出超过300种产品。
④与那些喜爱方便面的人不同，有些人不太喜欢方便面。方便面的流行是有环境代价的——它们是用棕榈油制作的。因此，更多的树木被砍伐。而且，它们的包装是塑料的。虽然方便面是一顿热乎、美味且管饱的饭，但它们营养价值不高，还含有大量的盐和脂肪。不过，在紧急或极端情况下，方便面无疑是救命食物。
⑤在发明60多年后，方便面已经成为任何缺钱、缺时间甚至缺厨房的人的默认食物。
1. 发明者想要制作什么样的方便面？
A. 有营养的。
B. 咸的。
C. 便宜的。
D. 方便的。
2. 方便面的销量取决于人们有多喜欢这种面。2021年哪个国家吃的方便面最多？请选择正确的顺序。
A. 日本＞印度＞中国＞印度尼西亚＞越南
B. 印度＞中国＞日本＞印度尼西亚＞越南
C. 中国＞印度＞越南＞印度尼西亚＞日本
D. 中国＞印度尼西亚＞越南＞印度＞日本
3. 从文章中我们能了解到关于方便面的什么信息？
A. 全世界的人都吃方便面。
B. 吃方便面的人越多，可能被砍伐的树木就越多。
C. 只有缺钱、缺时间甚至缺厨房的人才会选择方便面。
D. 一位日本商人制作的方便面和日本传统拉面一模一样。
4. 新考法 篇章结构 这篇文章的正确结构是什么？
二、（2024·常州市新北区北郊中学一模）阅读理解。
①一名中国学生、一名英国上班族和一名太空宇航员有什么共同之处呢？他们都吃方便面。而且不止他们——每年全球售出的方便面超过1000亿份，这使方便面成为世界上最成功的工业化食品之一。但这是怎么发生的呢？
②简而言之，方便面生产起来便宜，买起来也便宜，这正是它的发明者所期望的。二战刚结束后，日本商人安藤百福花了一年时间改进配方。他想要做出类似日本传统拉面的食物。他使用了美国政府捐赠给日本的小麦面粉。他的发明很快就流行起来，在战后日本的经济崛起中发挥了重要作用。根据富士研究所的一项民意调查，即使在2000年，方便面也被评为日本最成功的发明。它们比高铁、笔记本电脑或卡拉OK受欢迎得多。
③但对方便面的喜爱并非只有日本人。根据世界方便面协会的数据，2021年，中国、印度尼西亚、越南和印度（按此顺序）的方便面销量都超过了日本。方便面在国外的受欢迎程度仅仅取决于它们能多好地适应当地口味。例如，在泰国，你能买到绿咖喱味的方便面，而在墨西哥，面条上会搭配酸橙和萨尔萨辣酱。而且似乎消费者已经开始期待新的产品创新。据员工铃木霞介绍，安藤创立的食品公司日清，仅在日本每年就推出超过300种产品。
④与那些喜爱方便面的人不同，有些人不太喜欢方便面。方便面的流行是有环境代价的——它们是用棕榈油制作的。因此，更多的树木被砍伐。而且，它们的包装是塑料的。虽然方便面是一顿热乎、美味且管饱的饭，但它们营养价值不高，还含有大量的盐和脂肪。不过，在紧急或极端情况下，方便面无疑是救命食物。
⑤在发明60多年后，方便面已经成为任何缺钱、缺时间甚至缺厨房的人的默认食物。
1. 发明者想要制作什么样的方便面？
A. 有营养的。
B. 咸的。
C. 便宜的。
D. 方便的。
2. 方便面的销量取决于人们有多喜欢这种面。2021年哪个国家吃的方便面最多？请选择正确的顺序。
A. 日本＞印度＞中国＞印度尼西亚＞越南
B. 印度＞中国＞日本＞印度尼西亚＞越南
C. 中国＞印度＞越南＞印度尼西亚＞日本
D. 中国＞印度尼西亚＞越南＞印度＞日本
3. 从文章中我们能了解到关于方便面的什么信息？
A. 全世界的人都吃方便面。
B. 吃方便面的人越多，可能被砍伐的树木就越多。
C. 只有缺钱、缺时间甚至缺厨房的人才会选择方便面。
D. 一位日本商人制作的方便面和日本传统拉面一模一样。
4. 新考法 篇章结构 这篇文章的正确结构是什么？