C(2024·连云港市新海实验中学一模)
(新素养 问题解决)Science fiction stories have imagined people in the future living in underground cities on Mars and in space stations far from the Sun. But if humans are to survive in those terrible environments, they will need ways to grow food using limited resources. Photosynthesis(光合作用), by which plants turn sunlight into sugar, might not work.
Now, some scientists are wondering whether it’s possible to produce food more efficiently(高效地) by giving up photosynthesis, just by growing plants in the dark.
The idea sounds as science fictional as cities on Mars. But a team of researchers has taken a first step towards realizing it with a study published in Nature Food. The research shows it is possible to grow algae, edible yeast and fungi in the dark by providing them with a carbon-based chemical(碳基化学物质). The chemical doesn’t come from plants, but instead is produced using solar electricity(太阳能发电).
That is, this method takes the place of natural photosynthesis with a partly artificial(人造的) process for turning sunlight into food. Their process is a kind of artificial photosynthesis, and the idea has been around for years and includes different ways of turning sunlight, water and CO₂ into some chemicals.
The scientists are hopeful that this method could unlock new ways to produce food using less physical space and energy than traditional agriculture—including, perhaps, crops that can grow in the dark.
While other scientists doubt if it will ever be possible to redesign plant biology so completely, they are excited by the technology the researchers have invented and the team’s out-of-the-box idea about how to make food production more efficient.
“It’s worth keeping an open mind. The reward may be something we haven’t imagined yet,” said Lynn Rothschild, a senior research scientist at NASA’s Ames Research Centre.
(
A. To tell a story.
B. To lead in the topic.
C. To give an example.
D. To work out a mystery.
(
A. It may help find new ways of producing food.
B. It doesn’t need sunlight, water or CO₂ any more.
C. It has helped successfully grow food with limited resources.
D. It was introduced to the public for the first time in Nature Food.
(
A. harmful
B. lasting
C. humorous
D. creative
(新素养 问题解决)Science fiction stories have imagined people in the future living in underground cities on Mars and in space stations far from the Sun. But if humans are to survive in those terrible environments, they will need ways to grow food using limited resources. Photosynthesis(光合作用), by which plants turn sunlight into sugar, might not work.
Now, some scientists are wondering whether it’s possible to produce food more efficiently(高效地) by giving up photosynthesis, just by growing plants in the dark.
The idea sounds as science fictional as cities on Mars. But a team of researchers has taken a first step towards realizing it with a study published in Nature Food. The research shows it is possible to grow algae, edible yeast and fungi in the dark by providing them with a carbon-based chemical(碳基化学物质). The chemical doesn’t come from plants, but instead is produced using solar electricity(太阳能发电).
That is, this method takes the place of natural photosynthesis with a partly artificial(人造的) process for turning sunlight into food. Their process is a kind of artificial photosynthesis, and the idea has been around for years and includes different ways of turning sunlight, water and CO₂ into some chemicals.
The scientists are hopeful that this method could unlock new ways to produce food using less physical space and energy than traditional agriculture—including, perhaps, crops that can grow in the dark.
While other scientists doubt if it will ever be possible to redesign plant biology so completely, they are excited by the technology the researchers have invented and the team’s out-of-the-box idea about how to make food production more efficient.
“It’s worth keeping an open mind. The reward may be something we haven’t imagined yet,” said Lynn Rothschild, a senior research scientist at NASA’s Ames Research Centre.
(
B
)8. (新考法 写作手法)What is the writing purpose of the first paragraph?A. To tell a story.
B. To lead in the topic.
C. To give an example.
D. To work out a mystery.
(
A
)9. What can we learn about artificial photosynthesis from the passage?A. It may help find new ways of producing food.
B. It doesn’t need sunlight, water or CO₂ any more.
C. It has helped successfully grow food with limited resources.
D. It was introduced to the public for the first time in Nature Food.
(
D
)10. Which word has the closest meaning to “out-of-the-box”?A. harmful
B. lasting
C. humorous
D. creative
答案：8. B [解析]根据第一段中“But if humans are to survive in... might not work.”和下文内容，尤其是第二段“Now, some scientists are wondering whether... in the dark.”可知，作者写第一段主要是为了引出下文“在黑暗中种植农作物”这个话题。
9. A [解析]根据第五段内容可知，科学家希望通过人造光合作用来开拓新的种植方式，利用更少的空间和能源来生产粮食。
10. D [解析]根据文章内容可知，科学家们研究出利用人造光合作用在资源有限的情况下高效地生产粮食的方法，由此可知，这一想法是有创意的，画线短语与creative意思相近。
9. A [解析]根据第五段内容可知，科学家希望通过人造光合作用来开拓新的种植方式，利用更少的空间和能源来生产粮食。
10. D [解析]根据文章内容可知，科学家们研究出利用人造光合作用在资源有限的情况下高效地生产粮食的方法，由此可知，这一想法是有创意的，画线短语与creative意思相近。
解析：
翻译:
C（2024·连云港市新海实验中学一模）
（新素养 问题解决）科幻故事设想了未来的人们生活在火星的地下城市以及远离太阳的空间站中。但如果人类要在那些恶劣的环境中生存，他们将需要利用有限的资源种植食物的方法。植物将阳光转化为糖分的光合作用可能无法发挥作用。
现在，一些科学家在思考，是否可以通过放弃光合作用，仅仅在黑暗中种植植物，来更高效地生产食物。
这个想法听起来和火星上的城市一样具有科幻色彩。但一个研究团队通过发表在《自然·食品》杂志上的一项研究，朝着实现这一想法迈出了第一步。研究表明，通过向藻类、可食用酵母和真菌提供一种碳基化学物质，在黑暗中种植它们是有可能的。这种化学物质并非来自植物，而是利用太阳能发电产生的。
也就是说，这种方法用一种部分人造的将阳光转化为食物的过程取代了自然光合作用。他们的过程是一种人造光合作用，这个想法已经存在多年，包括将阳光、水和二氧化碳转化为一些化学物质的不同方法。
科学家们希望这种方法能够开启新的食物生产方式，与传统农业相比，使用更少的物理空间和能源——也许包括可以在黑暗中生长的农作物。
虽然其他科学家怀疑是否有可能如此彻底地重新设计植物生物学，但他们对研究人员发明的技术以及该团队关于如何提高食物生产效率的创新想法感到兴奋。
美国国家航空航天局艾姆斯研究中心的资深研究科学家林恩·罗斯柴尔德说：“值得保持开放的心态。回报可能是我们尚未想象到的东西。”
（B）8.（新考法 写作手法）第一段的写作目的是什么？
A. 讲故事。
B. 引出话题。
C. 举例子。
D. 解开谜团。
（A）9. 从文章中我们可以了解到关于人造光合作用的什么信息？
A. 它可能有助于找到新的食物生产方式。
B. 它不再需要阳光、水或二氧化碳。
C. 它已经成功地利用有限的资源种植出了食物。
D. 它首次在《自然·食品》杂志上向公众介绍。
（D）10. 哪个单词与“out - of - the - box”的意思最接近？
A. 有害的
B. 持久的
C. 幽默的
D. 有创造力的
C（2024·连云港市新海实验中学一模）
（新素养 问题解决）科幻故事设想了未来的人们生活在火星的地下城市以及远离太阳的空间站中。但如果人类要在那些恶劣的环境中生存，他们将需要利用有限的资源种植食物的方法。植物将阳光转化为糖分的光合作用可能无法发挥作用。
现在，一些科学家在思考，是否可以通过放弃光合作用，仅仅在黑暗中种植植物，来更高效地生产食物。
这个想法听起来和火星上的城市一样具有科幻色彩。但一个研究团队通过发表在《自然·食品》杂志上的一项研究，朝着实现这一想法迈出了第一步。研究表明，通过向藻类、可食用酵母和真菌提供一种碳基化学物质，在黑暗中种植它们是有可能的。这种化学物质并非来自植物，而是利用太阳能发电产生的。
也就是说，这种方法用一种部分人造的将阳光转化为食物的过程取代了自然光合作用。他们的过程是一种人造光合作用，这个想法已经存在多年，包括将阳光、水和二氧化碳转化为一些化学物质的不同方法。
科学家们希望这种方法能够开启新的食物生产方式，与传统农业相比，使用更少的物理空间和能源——也许包括可以在黑暗中生长的农作物。
虽然其他科学家怀疑是否有可能如此彻底地重新设计植物生物学，但他们对研究人员发明的技术以及该团队关于如何提高食物生产效率的创新想法感到兴奋。
美国国家航空航天局艾姆斯研究中心的资深研究科学家林恩·罗斯柴尔德说：“值得保持开放的心态。回报可能是我们尚未想象到的东西。”
（B）8.（新考法 写作手法）第一段的写作目的是什么？
A. 讲故事。
B. 引出话题。
C. 举例子。
D. 解开谜团。
（A）9. 从文章中我们可以了解到关于人造光合作用的什么信息？
A. 它可能有助于找到新的食物生产方式。
B. 它不再需要阳光、水或二氧化碳。
C. 它已经成功地利用有限的资源种植出了食物。
D. 它首次在《自然·食品》杂志上向公众介绍。
（D）10. 哪个单词与“out - of - the - box”的意思最接近？
A. 有害的
B. 持久的
C. 幽默的
D. 有创造力的