五、阅读对话，回答问题。(共 4 小题；第 41—43 小题每小题 2 分，第 44 小题 3 分，满分 9 分)
阅读下面一段对话，用英语回答对话后的问题。
Two friends, Lucas Lu and Sara Wang, are sitting in a cafe.
Lucas: (Reading on his phone. ) Have you heard? China’s skill of building wooden arch bridges(拱桥) is now on the list of UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage(非物质文化遗产).
Sara: Really? Are these bridges still there?
Lucas: (Searching on his phone. ) Yes, there are more than 100 of them. Most are in Zhejiang and Fujian.
Sara: But if they are very old bridges, how can they still be there? I mean, shouldn’t they be falling down or even long gone?
Lucas: Well, I think it’s because of the skill of their “mortise and tenon” structure(榫卯结构). Ancient people built these bridges without using nails(钉子). Basically, builders use mortise and tenon joints to fit two sets of beams(梁) together. The longer beams are as long as the main body of the bridge. Mortises are cut into their ends. The shorter beams have tenons at their ends. The tenons are carefully fit into the mortises. Then the beams form a solid arch to support the bridge.
Sara: That sounds like a very difficult skill.
Lucas: It certainly is. And when designing a wooden arch bridge, designers have to think about a lot of things, such as traffic flow and *fengshui*. They must also find out about the area’s land and soil.
Sara: It’s a lot more than just getting from one place to another.
Lucas: Exactly! In fact, the skill has been passed down since the Song dynasty. But modern technology has made it seem out of date.
Sara: I hope more people will see it as it’s now on the UNESCO list.
Lucas: Me too! It would be sad if we lost this ancient wisdom.
41. What is the most amazing and challenging skill in building these ancient bridges?
42. What things do builders have to consider when designing these bridges? Please name two things.
43. When did people first use this skill to build things?
44. 新考法 开放性设问 As a Chinese teenager, how would you help protect this skill?
阅读下面一段对话，用英语回答对话后的问题。
Two friends, Lucas Lu and Sara Wang, are sitting in a cafe.
Lucas: (Reading on his phone. ) Have you heard? China’s skill of building wooden arch bridges(拱桥) is now on the list of UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage(非物质文化遗产).
Sara: Really? Are these bridges still there?
Lucas: (Searching on his phone. ) Yes, there are more than 100 of them. Most are in Zhejiang and Fujian.
Sara: But if they are very old bridges, how can they still be there? I mean, shouldn’t they be falling down or even long gone?
Lucas: Well, I think it’s because of the skill of their “mortise and tenon” structure(榫卯结构). Ancient people built these bridges without using nails(钉子). Basically, builders use mortise and tenon joints to fit two sets of beams(梁) together. The longer beams are as long as the main body of the bridge. Mortises are cut into their ends. The shorter beams have tenons at their ends. The tenons are carefully fit into the mortises. Then the beams form a solid arch to support the bridge.
Sara: That sounds like a very difficult skill.
Lucas: It certainly is. And when designing a wooden arch bridge, designers have to think about a lot of things, such as traffic flow and *fengshui*. They must also find out about the area’s land and soil.
Sara: It’s a lot more than just getting from one place to another.
Lucas: Exactly! In fact, the skill has been passed down since the Song dynasty. But modern technology has made it seem out of date.
Sara: I hope more people will see it as it’s now on the UNESCO list.
Lucas: Me too! It would be sad if we lost this ancient wisdom.
41. What is the most amazing and challenging skill in building these ancient bridges?
42. What things do builders have to consider when designing these bridges? Please name two things.
43. When did people first use this skill to build things?
44. 新考法 开放性设问 As a Chinese teenager, how would you help protect this skill?
答案：41. The “mortise and tenon” structure.
42. Traffic flow，fengshui and the area's land and soil.（任选两个作答）
43. In the Song dynasty.
44. I will spread the knowledge of wooden arch bridges.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可）
42. Traffic flow，fengshui and the area's land and soil.（任选两个作答）
43. In the Song dynasty.
44. I will spread the knowledge of wooden arch bridges.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可）
解析：
翻译:
五、阅读对话，回答问题。（共4小题；第41—43小题每小题2分，第44小题3分，满分9分）
阅读下面一段对话，用英语回答对话后的问题。
两位朋友，卢卡斯·卢和王萨拉，正坐在一家咖啡馆里。
卢卡斯：（看着手机阅读。）你听说了吗？中国的木拱桥营造技艺现在被列入了联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。
萨拉：真的吗？这些桥还在吗？
卢卡斯：（在手机上搜索。）在的，有100多座呢。大多数在浙江和福建。
萨拉：但如果它们是很古老的桥，怎么还能存在呢？我的意思是，它们难道不该倒塌甚至早就消失了吗？
卢卡斯：嗯，我觉得是因为它们的“榫卯结构”技艺。古人建造这些桥时不用钉子。基本上，建造者用榫卯接头把两组梁连接在一起。较长的梁和桥的主体一样长。它们的端部被凿出榫眼。较短的梁端部有榫头。榫头被精心地嵌入榫眼。然后这些梁形成一个坚固的拱来支撑桥。
萨拉：那听起来是一项非常难的技艺。
卢卡斯：当然难。而且在设计一座木拱桥时，设计师必须考虑很多事情，比如交通流量和风水。他们还必须了解该地区的土地和土壤情况。
萨拉：这可不仅仅是从一个地方到另一个地方那么简单。
卢卡斯：完全正确！事实上，这项技艺从宋朝就开始传承了。但现代技术让它看起来过时了。
萨拉：我希望因为它现在被列入了联合国教科文组织名录，会有更多的人关注它。
卢卡斯：我也是！如果我们失去了这种古老的智慧，那将是很可悲的。
41. 建造这些古桥时，最令人惊叹和具有挑战性的技艺是什么？
42. 建造者在设计这些桥时必须考虑哪些事情？请说出两件事。
43. 人们最早什么时候开始使用这项技艺来建造东西？
44. 作为一名中国青少年，你会如何帮助保护这项技艺？
五、阅读对话，回答问题。（共4小题；第41—43小题每小题2分，第44小题3分，满分9分）
阅读下面一段对话，用英语回答对话后的问题。
两位朋友，卢卡斯·卢和王萨拉，正坐在一家咖啡馆里。
卢卡斯：（看着手机阅读。）你听说了吗？中国的木拱桥营造技艺现在被列入了联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。
萨拉：真的吗？这些桥还在吗？
卢卡斯：（在手机上搜索。）在的，有100多座呢。大多数在浙江和福建。
萨拉：但如果它们是很古老的桥，怎么还能存在呢？我的意思是，它们难道不该倒塌甚至早就消失了吗？
卢卡斯：嗯，我觉得是因为它们的“榫卯结构”技艺。古人建造这些桥时不用钉子。基本上，建造者用榫卯接头把两组梁连接在一起。较长的梁和桥的主体一样长。它们的端部被凿出榫眼。较短的梁端部有榫头。榫头被精心地嵌入榫眼。然后这些梁形成一个坚固的拱来支撑桥。
萨拉：那听起来是一项非常难的技艺。
卢卡斯：当然难。而且在设计一座木拱桥时，设计师必须考虑很多事情，比如交通流量和风水。他们还必须了解该地区的土地和土壤情况。
萨拉：这可不仅仅是从一个地方到另一个地方那么简单。
卢卡斯：完全正确！事实上，这项技艺从宋朝就开始传承了。但现代技术让它看起来过时了。
萨拉：我希望因为它现在被列入了联合国教科文组织名录，会有更多的人关注它。
卢卡斯：我也是！如果我们失去了这种古老的智慧，那将是很可悲的。
41. 建造这些古桥时，最令人惊叹和具有挑战性的技艺是什么？
42. 建造者在设计这些桥时必须考虑哪些事情？请说出两件事。
43. 人们最早什么时候开始使用这项技艺来建造东西？
44. 作为一名中国青少年，你会如何帮助保护这项技艺？