(D)
Sending astronauts to Mars is a big challenge. Astronauts will have to take everything they need, including food, air and water. The room inside the spaceship is too limited to hold many things. So packing a spaceship is a huge challenge for a trip to Mars.
Six astronauts on an eight-month trip to Mars will need at least 18,000 kilograms of water for drinking and washing. They'll also need water to protect themselves from space rays which can pass right through spaceship walls and harm astronauts' living cells. But a layer(层)of water placed around the ship can stop the harm.
That's a lot of water. And sending water into space is too expensive. It costs 33,000 to send one cup of water to Mars. The more you take, the more it costs. We have the technology to get to Mars, but the problem is that it's too expensive.
But Flynn, an engineer at NASA, thinks he has a way of solving the problem. Instead of building a heavy spaceship and packing it full of objects, why not use the objects as part of the spaceship?
Imagine a spaceship that blows up like a balloon. Inside, the walls have pockets like a big honeycomb(蜂巢). These hold lots of plastic bags filled with water, dried food and algae(水藻). All these make hard walls and great radiation(辐射)protection. And stopping radiation doesn't influence the food or water itself—it's safe to eat and drink. And what if the same water could be reused again and again? Flynn and his team call their packed-pocket idea Water Walls.
Making oxygen and taking away CO₂—the waste gas you breathe out—is another problem in space. "Water Walls will take away CO₂ the same way it's done here on our Earth—with living plants," Flynn says. Living plants take in CO₂ to make their food, and give off oxygen. "Plants are hard to grow in a spacecraft, so we use algae," he says.
Algae are tiny plants that live in water. The algae will live in bags in the walls too, fed by human waste and sunlight, eating up CO₂ and making oxygen for the astronauts to breathe.
Flynn thinks his onboard recycling system has many advantages. He hopes it will help make flying to Mars a reality soon.
()10. What does "packing a spaceship" in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A. Repairing things in a spaceship.
B. Recycling things in a spaceship.
C. Checking things in a spaceship.
D. Putting things into a spaceship.
()11. What is the advantage of Flynn's system?
A. Cost is saved.
B. Travelling time is saved.
C. Plastic bags are saved.
D. Food is saved.
()12. What is one purpose of Flynn's idea of Water Walls?
A. To produce water in the spaceship.
B. To make the whole spaceship stronger.
C. To control the temperature in the spaceship.
D. To prevent space rays during the space trip.
()13. Why are algae put in the bags?
A. To prevent water from being polluted.
B. To serve as food for astronauts.
C. To provide oxygen for astronauts.
D. To help other plants grow in a spaceship.
Sending astronauts to Mars is a big challenge. Astronauts will have to take everything they need, including food, air and water. The room inside the spaceship is too limited to hold many things. So packing a spaceship is a huge challenge for a trip to Mars.
Six astronauts on an eight-month trip to Mars will need at least 18,000 kilograms of water for drinking and washing. They'll also need water to protect themselves from space rays which can pass right through spaceship walls and harm astronauts' living cells. But a layer(层)of water placed around the ship can stop the harm.
That's a lot of water. And sending water into space is too expensive. It costs 33,000 to send one cup of water to Mars. The more you take, the more it costs. We have the technology to get to Mars, but the problem is that it's too expensive.
But Flynn, an engineer at NASA, thinks he has a way of solving the problem. Instead of building a heavy spaceship and packing it full of objects, why not use the objects as part of the spaceship?
Imagine a spaceship that blows up like a balloon. Inside, the walls have pockets like a big honeycomb(蜂巢). These hold lots of plastic bags filled with water, dried food and algae(水藻). All these make hard walls and great radiation(辐射)protection. And stopping radiation doesn't influence the food or water itself—it's safe to eat and drink. And what if the same water could be reused again and again? Flynn and his team call their packed-pocket idea Water Walls.
Making oxygen and taking away CO₂—the waste gas you breathe out—is another problem in space. "Water Walls will take away CO₂ the same way it's done here on our Earth—with living plants," Flynn says. Living plants take in CO₂ to make their food, and give off oxygen. "Plants are hard to grow in a spacecraft, so we use algae," he says.
Algae are tiny plants that live in water. The algae will live in bags in the walls too, fed by human waste and sunlight, eating up CO₂ and making oxygen for the astronauts to breathe.
Flynn thinks his onboard recycling system has many advantages. He hopes it will help make flying to Mars a reality soon.
()10. What does "packing a spaceship" in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A. Repairing things in a spaceship.
B. Recycling things in a spaceship.
C. Checking things in a spaceship.
D. Putting things into a spaceship.
()11. What is the advantage of Flynn's system?
A. Cost is saved.
B. Travelling time is saved.
C. Plastic bags are saved.
D. Food is saved.
()12. What is one purpose of Flynn's idea of Water Walls?
A. To produce water in the spaceship.
B. To make the whole spaceship stronger.
C. To control the temperature in the spaceship.
D. To prevent space rays during the space trip.
()13. Why are algae put in the bags?
A. To prevent water from being polluted.
B. To serve as food for astronauts.
C. To provide oxygen for astronauts.
D. To help other plants grow in a spaceship.
答案：10. D 11. A 12. D 13. C
解析：
翻译:
（D）
将宇航员送往火星是一项巨大的挑战。宇航员将不得不携带他们所需的一切，包括食物、空气和水。宇宙飞船内的空间过于有限，无法容纳太多东西。因此，为火星之旅 打包宇宙飞船是一项巨大的挑战。
执行为期8个月火星之旅的6名宇航员，至少需要18,000千克水用于饮用和洗漱。他们还需要水来保护自己免受太空射线的伤害，这些射线可以直接穿过宇宙飞船的舱壁，损害宇航员的活细胞。但在飞船周围放置一层水就可以阻止这种伤害。
这需要大量的水。而将水送入太空的成本太高了。将一杯水送到火星要花费33,000美元。携带的东西越多，成本就越高。我们有到达火星的技术，但问题是成本太高了。
但美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的工程师弗林认为他有办法解决这个问题。与其建造一艘沉重的宇宙飞船并将其装满物品，为什么不把这些物品当作宇宙飞船的一部分呢？
想象一艘像气球一样充气的宇宙飞船。在内部，舱壁上有像大蜂巢一样的口袋。这些口袋里装着许多塑料袋，里面装着水、干粮和水藻。所有这些都构成了坚固的舱壁，并提供了良好的辐射防护。而且阻挡辐射不会影响食物或水本身——它们食用和饮用起来都是安全的。如果同样的水可以被反复利用呢？弗林和他的团队将他们的这种带口袋的想法称为“水墙”。
制造氧气和去除二氧化碳——你呼出的废气——是太空中的另一个问题。“‘水墙’将像在地球上一样去除二氧化碳——通过活的植物，”弗林说。活的植物吸收二氧化碳来制造它们的食物，并释放氧气。“在宇宙飞船上种植植物很困难，所以我们使用水藻，”他说。
水藻是生活在水中的微小植物。水藻也将生活在舱壁的袋子里，由人类的排泄物和阳光提供养分，吸收二氧化碳并为宇航员制造可供呼吸的氧气。
弗林认为他的机载回收系统有很多优点。他希望这将有助于很快使飞往火星成为现实。
10. 第一段中的“packing a spaceship”最有可能是什么意思？
A. 修理宇宙飞船里的东西。
B. 回收宇宙飞船里的东西。
C. 检查宇宙飞船里的东西。
D. 把东西放进宇宙飞船里。
11. 弗林的系统有什么优点？
A. 节省成本。
B. 节省旅行时间。
C. 节省塑料袋。
D. 节省食物。
12. 弗林的“水墙”想法的一个目的是什么？
A. 在宇宙飞船上制造水。
B. 使整个宇宙飞船更坚固。
C. 控制宇宙飞船内的温度。
D. 在太空旅行中阻挡太空射线。
13. 为什么要把水藻放在袋子里？
A. 防止水被污染。
B. 作为宇航员的食物。
C. 为宇航员提供氧气。
D. 帮助其他植物在宇宙飞船上生长。
（D）
将宇航员送往火星是一项巨大的挑战。宇航员将不得不携带他们所需的一切，包括食物、空气和水。宇宙飞船内的空间过于有限，无法容纳太多东西。因此，为火星之旅 打包宇宙飞船是一项巨大的挑战。
执行为期8个月火星之旅的6名宇航员，至少需要18,000千克水用于饮用和洗漱。他们还需要水来保护自己免受太空射线的伤害，这些射线可以直接穿过宇宙飞船的舱壁，损害宇航员的活细胞。但在飞船周围放置一层水就可以阻止这种伤害。
这需要大量的水。而将水送入太空的成本太高了。将一杯水送到火星要花费33,000美元。携带的东西越多，成本就越高。我们有到达火星的技术，但问题是成本太高了。
但美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的工程师弗林认为他有办法解决这个问题。与其建造一艘沉重的宇宙飞船并将其装满物品，为什么不把这些物品当作宇宙飞船的一部分呢？
想象一艘像气球一样充气的宇宙飞船。在内部，舱壁上有像大蜂巢一样的口袋。这些口袋里装着许多塑料袋，里面装着水、干粮和水藻。所有这些都构成了坚固的舱壁，并提供了良好的辐射防护。而且阻挡辐射不会影响食物或水本身——它们食用和饮用起来都是安全的。如果同样的水可以被反复利用呢？弗林和他的团队将他们的这种带口袋的想法称为“水墙”。
制造氧气和去除二氧化碳——你呼出的废气——是太空中的另一个问题。“‘水墙’将像在地球上一样去除二氧化碳——通过活的植物，”弗林说。活的植物吸收二氧化碳来制造它们的食物，并释放氧气。“在宇宙飞船上种植植物很困难，所以我们使用水藻，”他说。
水藻是生活在水中的微小植物。水藻也将生活在舱壁的袋子里，由人类的排泄物和阳光提供养分，吸收二氧化碳并为宇航员制造可供呼吸的氧气。
弗林认为他的机载回收系统有很多优点。他希望这将有助于很快使飞往火星成为现实。
10. 第一段中的“packing a spaceship”最有可能是什么意思？
A. 修理宇宙飞船里的东西。
B. 回收宇宙飞船里的东西。
C. 检查宇宙飞船里的东西。
D. 把东西放进宇宙飞船里。
11. 弗林的系统有什么优点？
A. 节省成本。
B. 节省旅行时间。
C. 节省塑料袋。
D. 节省食物。
12. 弗林的“水墙”想法的一个目的是什么？
A. 在宇宙飞船上制造水。
B. 使整个宇宙飞船更坚固。
C. 控制宇宙飞船内的温度。
D. 在太空旅行中阻挡太空射线。
13. 为什么要把水藻放在袋子里？
A. 防止水被污染。
B. 作为宇航员的食物。
C. 为宇航员提供氧气。
D. 帮助其他植物在宇宙飞船上生长。