Ⅰ. 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词
1. There were once 70 million buffalo living on the
2. Camels can live for about a week without water in the
3. Let’s see what you can remember after c
4. The children played with water outside the house and made the g
5. Sharks are at the top of the food chain (食物链), but if their numbers drop, the o
6. In the old times, most people thought the shape of the earth was f
1. There were once 70 million buffalo living on the
plain/plains
(平原). They all died out now.2. Camels can live for about a week without water in the
desert
(沙漠).3. Let’s see what you can remember after c
covering
the answers.4. The children played with water outside the house and made the g
ground
wet.5. Sharks are at the top of the food chain (食物链), but if their numbers drop, the o
ocean's/ocean
ecosystem (生态系统) will be in danger.6. In the old times, most people thought the shape of the earth was f
flat
.答案：Ⅰ. 1. plain/plains 2. desert 3. covering 4. ground
5. ocean's/ocean 6. flat
5. ocean's/ocean 6. flat
解析：
【解析】
1. 对应汉语“平原”，可填可数名词plain的单数或复数形式plains，表达在平原上的含义。
2. 对应汉语“沙漠”，固定搭配in the desert表示“在沙漠中”，填desert。
3. 空前after是介词，后接动名词，结合首字母c和语境“盖住答案后看你能记住什么”，填covering。
4. 结合语境“孩子们在屋外玩水，把某物弄湿”和首字母g，填ground表示“地面”。
5. 结合语境“鲨鱼数量下降会危及某生态系统”和首字母o，可填ocean's（所有格形式，表海洋的）或ocean作定语修饰ecosystem。
6. 结合常识“古代人认为地球的形状是平的”和首字母f，填flat表示“平坦的”。
【答案】
1. plain/plains
2. desert
3. covering
4. ground
5. ocean's/ocean
6. flat
【知识点】
单词拼写；介词用法；名词词义
【点评】
本题结合汉语提示和首字母提示考查基础词汇的拼写与语境运用，需要学生结合句子语义、词性规则（如介词后接动名词）确定正确形式，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8
1. 对应汉语“平原”，可填可数名词plain的单数或复数形式plains，表达在平原上的含义。
2. 对应汉语“沙漠”，固定搭配in the desert表示“在沙漠中”，填desert。
3. 空前after是介词，后接动名词，结合首字母c和语境“盖住答案后看你能记住什么”，填covering。
4. 结合语境“孩子们在屋外玩水，把某物弄湿”和首字母g，填ground表示“地面”。
5. 结合语境“鲨鱼数量下降会危及某生态系统”和首字母o，可填ocean's（所有格形式，表海洋的）或ocean作定语修饰ecosystem。
6. 结合常识“古代人认为地球的形状是平的”和首字母f，填flat表示“平坦的”。
【答案】
1. plain/plains
2. desert
3. covering
4. ground
5. ocean's/ocean
6. flat
【知识点】
单词拼写；介词用法；名词词义
【点评】
本题结合汉语提示和首字母提示考查基础词汇的拼写与语境运用，需要学生结合句子语义、词性规则（如介词后接动名词）确定正确形式，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8
Ⅱ. 用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空
1. These wild animals are running through
2. When we are in the mountains, we must be careful of falling
3. In Yunnan, tourists can enjoy the
4. Keeping plants indoors makes the air in our office
5. The Yellow River
1. These wild animals are running through
forests
(forest) and fields now.2. When we are in the mountains, we must be careful of falling
rocks
(rock).3. In Yunnan, tourists can enjoy the
beauty
(beautiful) of nature all year round.4. Keeping plants indoors makes the air in our office
clean/cleaner
(clean).5. The Yellow River
carries
(carry) lots of sand and mud into the Bohai Sea.答案：Ⅱ. 1. forests 解析：“forest”为可数名词，根据“and fields”（复数），此处泛指多个森林，用复数形式“forests”。
2. rocks 解析：“rock”为可数名词，此处泛指掉落的岩石，用复数形式“rocks”。
3. beauty 解析：根据“the... of nature”，此处需用名词形式，“beautiful”的名词为“beauty”（不可数名词）。
4. clean/cleaner 解析：“make+宾语+形容词”为固定结构，“clean”可作形容词；也可表示“使空气更干净”，用比较级“cleaner”。
5. carries 解析：主语“The Yellow River”为第三人称单数，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式“carries”。
2. rocks 解析：“rock”为可数名词，此处泛指掉落的岩石，用复数形式“rocks”。
3. beauty 解析：根据“the... of nature”，此处需用名词形式，“beautiful”的名词为“beauty”（不可数名词）。
4. clean/cleaner 解析：“make+宾语+形容词”为固定结构，“clean”可作形容词；也可表示“使空气更干净”，用比较级“cleaner”。
5. carries 解析：主语“The Yellow River”为第三人称单数，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式“carries”。
Ⅲ. 单项选择
1. —I don’t know why I did the maths question wrong. —The problem
A. depends on
B. lies in
C. lies down
D. looks after
1. —I don’t know why I did the maths question wrong. —The problem
B
the fact that you forgot to calculate the time.A. depends on
B. lies in
C. lies down
D. looks after
答案：1. B 解析：选项A“depends on”意为“依靠”；B“lies in”意为“在于”；C“lies down”意为“躺下”；D“looks after”意为“照顾”。根据语境“问题……你忘记计算时间这一事实”，“在于”符合语境，故选B。
2. —What’s your opinion on the accident?
—On the
A.fact
B.surface
C.truth
D.face
—On the
B
, it seems a simple story. But I don’t think so.A.fact
B.surface
C.truth
D.face
答案：2. B 解析：“on the surface”为固定短语，意为“表面上”，符合语境“表面上看这是个简单的故事”，故选B。
3. —I think these soldiers are the most lovable ones. —I can’t agree more. They try to protect our
A.field
B.earth
C.floor
D.land
D
from even a little occupation (侵占) from other nations.A.field
B.earth
C.floor
D.land
答案：3. D 解析：选项A“field”意为“田地”；B“earth”意为“地球”；C“floor”意为“地板”；D“land”意为“国土”。根据语境“保护我们的……免受侵占”，“国土”符合语境，故选D。
4. All the tourists
A.raised; rising
B.rose; raising
C.raised; raising
D.rose; rising
raised
their heads to watch the sun rising
at the top of Mount Hua.A.raised; rising
B.rose; raising
C.raised; raising
D.rose; rising
答案：4. A 解析：“raise”为及物动词，意为“举起”，“raise one's head”（抬头）；“rise”为不及物动词，意为“升起”，“watch sb/sth doing”（观看……正在做）。第一空用“raised”，第二空用“rising”，故选A。
归纳总结 raise vs rise：
raise为及物动词（后接宾语，如raise one's head），rise为不及物动词（无宾语，如sun rising），二者用法差异可延伸至“价格上涨（rise）”“举起手（raise）”等场景。
归纳总结 raise vs rise：
raise为及物动词（后接宾语，如raise one's head），rise为不及物动词（无宾语，如sun rising），二者用法差异可延伸至“价格上涨（rise）”“举起手（raise）”等场景。
Ⅳ. 句子翻译
1. 多么高的一座山啊！
What
2. 草原现在被雪覆盖着。
The grassland
3. 你能给我点喝的吗？
Can you give me
4. 她每天一路飞快地跑回家。
She runs quickly
1. 多么高的一座山啊！
What
a high mountain (it is)
!2. 草原现在被雪覆盖着。
The grassland
is covered with/by
snow now.3. 你能给我点喝的吗？
Can you give me
something to drink
?4. 她每天一路飞快地跑回家。
She runs quickly
all the way home
every day.答案：Ⅳ. 1. a high mountain (it is) 2. is covered with/by
3. something to drink 4. all the way home
3. something to drink 4. all the way home
解析：
【解析】
1. 本题考查what引导的感叹句，结构为"What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)"，对应中文"多么高的一座山啊"，填入a high mountain (it is)即可。
2. 本题考查被动语态固定搭配，"被……覆盖"的英文表达为be covered with/by，主语the grassland是单数，时间状语now表示现在时，be动词用is，因此填入is covered with/by。
3. 本题考查固定短语，"喝的东西"的英文表达为something to drink，此处不定式作后置定语修饰不定代词something，符合句意。
4. 本题考查固定短语，"一路上"的英文表达为all the way home，在句中作状语修饰动词runs，对应中文含义。
【答案】
1. a high mountain (it is)
2. is covered with/by
3. something to drink
4. all the way home
【知识点】
感叹句结构；被动语态固定搭配；不定代词后置定语
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础的句子翻译常用固定结构与短语，需要学生熟练掌握感叹句的基本构成、被动语态的常用搭配以及不定式作后置定语的用法，属于课内核心短语与句式的直接应用，易错点为感叹句结构混淆、被动语态be动词形式错用。
【难度系数】
0.7
1. 本题考查what引导的感叹句，结构为"What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)"，对应中文"多么高的一座山啊"，填入a high mountain (it is)即可。
2. 本题考查被动语态固定搭配，"被……覆盖"的英文表达为be covered with/by，主语the grassland是单数，时间状语now表示现在时，be动词用is，因此填入is covered with/by。
3. 本题考查固定短语，"喝的东西"的英文表达为something to drink，此处不定式作后置定语修饰不定代词something，符合句意。
4. 本题考查固定短语，"一路上"的英文表达为all the way home，在句中作状语修饰动词runs，对应中文含义。
【答案】
1. a high mountain (it is)
2. is covered with/by
3. something to drink
4. all the way home
【知识点】
感叹句结构；被动语态固定搭配；不定代词后置定语
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础的句子翻译常用固定结构与短语，需要学生熟练掌握感叹句的基本构成、被动语态的常用搭配以及不定式作后置定语的用法，属于课内核心短语与句式的直接应用，易错点为感叹句结构混淆、被动语态be动词形式错用。
【难度系数】
0.7
Ⅴ. 完形填空
After a busy week, Emily and her parents decided to go on a picnic in the mountains. When they arrived at the 1, they found a family. The son, Mike and his father were putting a boat onto their truck. Emily asked them where the best picnic place was. Mike 2 a place about a one - hour walk away, saying, “Don’t miss it.”
Emily and her parents went on their journey on a road with a small stream (溪流) on one side. When they finally arrived, they found a nice place and began to 3 the food they had brought.
Dark 4 suddenly appeared, just as they finished eating and were about to relax. It 5 started to rain. They quickly put up the tent they had brought. As soon as they got inside, heavy raindrops began to fall. The rain 6, making it hard to see anything. They had to 7 patiently until it was over.
After a long time, the rain finally 8. Emily and her parents packed up quickly and went back. But they became 9 when they found that the small stream became as wide as a river and it was impossible for them to go across it. What was 10, with no phone signal (信号), they felt hopeless.
Suddenly, they heard a truck from 11 the river. It was Mike! He had realized something was wrong and brought the 12 from his truck to help them. Emily and her parents got into the boat, crossed the river and returned to the camp 13. Emily and her parents thanked him and their eyes were 14 with tears. They also learned an important lesson about 15 for enjoying nature. This mountain picnic was an unforgettable experience for them.
1. A. house
B. camp
C. river
D. station
2. A. told
B. chose
C. recommended
D. thought
3. A. order
B. enjoy
C. throw
D. clean
4. A. sky
B. rain
C. clouds
D. weather
5. A. almost
B. hardly
C. slowly
D. already
6. A. came down
B. fell down
C. broke down
D. poured down
7. A. study
B. listen
C. follow
D. wait
8. A. stopped
B. appeared
C. weighed
D. changed
9. A. angry
B. excited
C. worried
D. comfortable
10. A. more
B. worse
C. wrong
D. better
11. A. near
B. along
C. across
D. through
12. A. boat
B. food
C. phone
D. medicine
13. A. safely
B. easily
C. quickly
D. quietly
14. A. dried
B. filled
C. watered
D. dropped
15. A. hearing
B. providing
C. searching
D. preparing
After a busy week, Emily and her parents decided to go on a picnic in the mountains. When they arrived at the 1, they found a family. The son, Mike and his father were putting a boat onto their truck. Emily asked them where the best picnic place was. Mike 2 a place about a one - hour walk away, saying, “Don’t miss it.”
Emily and her parents went on their journey on a road with a small stream (溪流) on one side. When they finally arrived, they found a nice place and began to 3 the food they had brought.
Dark 4 suddenly appeared, just as they finished eating and were about to relax. It 5 started to rain. They quickly put up the tent they had brought. As soon as they got inside, heavy raindrops began to fall. The rain 6, making it hard to see anything. They had to 7 patiently until it was over.
After a long time, the rain finally 8. Emily and her parents packed up quickly and went back. But they became 9 when they found that the small stream became as wide as a river and it was impossible for them to go across it. What was 10, with no phone signal (信号), they felt hopeless.
Suddenly, they heard a truck from 11 the river. It was Mike! He had realized something was wrong and brought the 12 from his truck to help them. Emily and her parents got into the boat, crossed the river and returned to the camp 13. Emily and her parents thanked him and their eyes were 14 with tears. They also learned an important lesson about 15 for enjoying nature. This mountain picnic was an unforgettable experience for them.
1. A. house
B. camp
C. river
D. station
2. A. told
B. chose
C. recommended
D. thought
3. A. order
B. enjoy
C. throw
D. clean
4. A. sky
B. rain
C. clouds
D. weather
5. A. almost
B. hardly
C. slowly
D. already
6. A. came down
B. fell down
C. broke down
D. poured down
7. A. study
B. listen
C. follow
D. wait
8. A. stopped
B. appeared
C. weighed
D. changed
9. A. angry
B. excited
C. worried
D. comfortable
10. A. more
B. worse
C. wrong
D. better
11. A. near
B. along
C. across
D. through
12. A. boat
B. food
C. phone
D. medicine
13. A. safely
B. easily
C. quickly
D. quietly
14. A. dried
B. filled
C. watered
D. dropped
15. A. hearing
B. providing
C. searching
D. preparing
答案：Ⅴ. 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.B 11.C 12.A 13.A 14.B 15.D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了艾米莉和她的父母去野餐，遇到了危险，最后获救的故事。通过这件事他们明白了在享受大自然之前要做好充分的准备。
1. B 解析：根据下文“Emily and her parents got into the boat, crossed the river and returned to the camp”可知艾米莉一家人到达了营地。故选B。
2. C 解析：根据“Don't miss it.”可知，迈克推荐了一个地方。故选C。
3. B 解析：根据“just as they finished eating”可知他们找到了一个地方吃东西。故选B。
4. C 解析：根据“As soon as they got inside, heavy raindrops began to fall.”可知，此处表示乌云突然出现。故选C。
5. A 解析：根据“They quickly put up the tent they had brought. As soon as they got inside, heavy raindrops began to fall.”可知，此处表示几乎要下雨了，当时还没有下雨。故选A。
6. D 解析：came down下来；fell down掉下来；broke down崩溃；poured down倾泻而下。根据“making it hard to see anything”可知大雨倾泻而下。故选D。
7. D 解析：根据“making it hard to see anything”以及“Emily and her parents packed up quickly and went back.”可知大雨让他们看不见任何东西，所以必须等到雨停了之后再离开。故选D。
8. A 解析：根据“until it was over”可知此时雨终于停了。故选A。
9. C 解析：根据“when they found that the small stream became as wide as a river... go across it.”可知小溪变宽了，他们没有办法过河，于是开始担心起来。故选C。
10. B 解析：根据“with no phone signal”可知，更糟糕的情况发生了，手机没有信号了。故选B。
11. C 解析：根据“Emily and her parents got into the boat, crossed the river”推测从河那边传来卡车声，迈克从河对面接他们过河。故选C。
12. A 解析：根据“Emily and her parents got into the boat”可知，此处表示带着船来帮助他们。故选A。
13. A 解析：根据“Emily and her parents thanked him”可知他们最后安全回到了营地。故选A。
14. B 解析：根据“returned to the camp... their eyes... with tears”可知他们回到了安全的地方，推测此时眼睛里充满了泪水。故选B。
15. D 解析：根据文章内容以及“They also learned an important lesson”可知他们学到的教训应该是在享受大自然之前要做好充分的准备。故选D。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了艾米莉和她的父母去野餐，遇到了危险，最后获救的故事。通过这件事他们明白了在享受大自然之前要做好充分的准备。
1. B 解析：根据下文“Emily and her parents got into the boat, crossed the river and returned to the camp”可知艾米莉一家人到达了营地。故选B。
2. C 解析：根据“Don't miss it.”可知，迈克推荐了一个地方。故选C。
3. B 解析：根据“just as they finished eating”可知他们找到了一个地方吃东西。故选B。
4. C 解析：根据“As soon as they got inside, heavy raindrops began to fall.”可知，此处表示乌云突然出现。故选C。
5. A 解析：根据“They quickly put up the tent they had brought. As soon as they got inside, heavy raindrops began to fall.”可知，此处表示几乎要下雨了，当时还没有下雨。故选A。
6. D 解析：came down下来；fell down掉下来；broke down崩溃；poured down倾泻而下。根据“making it hard to see anything”可知大雨倾泻而下。故选D。
7. D 解析：根据“making it hard to see anything”以及“Emily and her parents packed up quickly and went back.”可知大雨让他们看不见任何东西，所以必须等到雨停了之后再离开。故选D。
8. A 解析：根据“until it was over”可知此时雨终于停了。故选A。
9. C 解析：根据“when they found that the small stream became as wide as a river... go across it.”可知小溪变宽了，他们没有办法过河，于是开始担心起来。故选C。
10. B 解析：根据“with no phone signal”可知，更糟糕的情况发生了，手机没有信号了。故选B。
11. C 解析：根据“Emily and her parents got into the boat, crossed the river”推测从河那边传来卡车声，迈克从河对面接他们过河。故选C。
12. A 解析：根据“Emily and her parents got into the boat”可知，此处表示带着船来帮助他们。故选A。
13. A 解析：根据“Emily and her parents thanked him”可知他们最后安全回到了营地。故选A。
14. B 解析：根据“returned to the camp... their eyes... with tears”可知他们回到了安全的地方，推测此时眼睛里充满了泪水。故选B。
15. D 解析：根据文章内容以及“They also learned an important lesson”可知他们学到的教训应该是在享受大自然之前要做好充分的准备。故选D。