一、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. — Everyone in the world should focus on the air
— Yes, you are right!
2. Though the three - child policy(三孩政策) is introduced, many couples worry that they can't afford
3. Would you mind giving me some
4. It's very
5. This report is about some
6. Amy tells me that this animal is
7. It was hot yesterday. I refused
8. The two
9. Many foreigners, including
10. The guide advised us not
11. Knowledge
12. We are not expected
13. Guangzhou, a modern and large city, is in the
14. The Spring Festival is celebrated in many
15. Children should be taught to manage their time
16. Mr Smith likes taking
17. I usually listen to some sweet music to help me
18. Our mother's cooking will satisfy not only our
19. It
20. You can't make much progress in study without
21. Children learn about
22. Mr Smith has night
23. The world is developing so fast, so we should keep
24. There is a sign saying "No
25. Tom can't get into the room because he
26. Smoking
27. The subway during rush hour is always very
28. Not only Lucy but also her twin sister
29. Jim is a serious boy. If he
1. — Everyone in the world should focus on the air
pollution
(pollute).— Yes, you are right!
2. Though the three - child policy(三孩政策) is introduced, many couples worry that they can't afford
to have
(have) a third child because of the rising costs of raising a child.3. Would you mind giving me some
advice
(advise) on how to plant trees?4. It's very
impolite
(polite) to talk loudly in public.5. This report is about some
coaches'
(coach) secrets of helping their athletes win the gold.6. Amy tells me that this animal is
harmless
(harm) to humans, so we don't need to be afraid of it.7. It was hot yesterday. I refused
to stay
(stay) outside to play basketball.8. The two
factories
(factory) were shut down last year.9. Many foreigners, including
Italians
(Italy), visit Beijing every year.10. The guide advised us not
to risk
(risk) staying out late at night.11. Knowledge
spreads
(spread) quickly because people can find information on the Internet.12. We are not expected
to arrive
(arrive) late when we have a meeting.13. Guangzhou, a modern and large city, is in the
southern
(south) part of China.14. The Spring Festival is celebrated in many
Asian
(Asia) countries.15. Children should be taught to manage their time
wisely
(wise).16. Mr Smith likes taking
photos
(photo). He often goes outside with his camera.17. I usually listen to some sweet music to help me
(to) relax
(relax) after a long week at work.18. Our mother's cooking will satisfy not only our
stomachs
(stomach) but also our spirit.19. It
is reported
(report) that the number of working wives is becoming larger and larger.20. You can't make much progress in study without
managing
(manage) your time well.21. Children learn about
manners
(manner) by watching their parents.22. Mr Smith has night
blindness
(blind), so he is unable to see anything at night.23. The world is developing so fast, so we should keep
learning
(learn).24. There is a sign saying "No
parking
(park)" over there.25. Tom can't get into the room because he
has lost
(lose) the key to the door.26. Smoking
isn't allowed
(not allow) in public.27. The subway during rush hour is always very
crowded
(crowd).28. Not only Lucy but also her twin sister
was
(be) absent from school. They were ill in hospital.29. Jim is a serious boy. If he
is given
(give) the tasks, he will try his best to finish them well.答案：1. pollution 2. to have 3. advice 4. impolite 5. coaches' 6. harmless 7. to stay 8. factories 9. Italians 10. to risk 11. spreads 12. to arrive 13. southern 14. Asian 15. wisely 16. photos 17. (to) relax 18. stomachs 19. is reported 20. managing 21. manners 22. blindness 23. learning 24. parking 25. has lost 26. isn't allowed 27. crowded 28. was 29. is given
解析：
【分析】
这是典型的初中英语词形转换填空题，解题核心思路是三步推导：第一步先观察括号内所给单词的原始词性，第二步分析空格所在位置的语法属性，判断空格处需要填入的词性，同时结合前后文的固定搭配、语境含义、时态语态要求，第三步将原单词转换为符合规则的正确形式，最后验证填入后句子语义和语法完全通顺即可。
【解析】
1. 空格前有定冠词the，此处需要名词，pollute是动词“污染”，对应的名词形式为pollution，air pollution是固定短语“空气污染”，故填pollution。
2. 此处符合固定搭配afford to do sth.（负担得起做某事），后面接动词不定式，故填to have。
3. 空格前有修饰词some，此处需要名词，advise是动词“建议”，对应的不可数名词形式为advice，故填advice。
4. 根据后文“在公共场合大声交谈”的语境，可知该行为是不礼貌的，polite是“礼貌的”，转换为否定形容词impolite作表语，故填impolite。
5. 空格后是名词secrets，需要用名词所有格表示所属关系，some后接可数名词复数coaches，复数以s结尾的名词所有格直接加'，即coaches'，表示“教练们的”，故填coaches'。
6. 根据后文“我们不需要害怕它”的语境，可知这个动物对人类无害，harm转换为形容词harmless，构成be harmless to（对……无害）的固定搭配，故填harmless。
7. 此处符合固定搭配refuse to do sth.（拒绝做某事），后接动词不定式，故填to stay。
8. 数词two后接可数名词复数，factory的复数形式为factories，故填factories。
9. 此处表示“意大利人”，Italy是国家名，转换为Italian，用复数Italians指代一类人，故填Italians。
10. 此处符合固定搭配advise sb. not to do sth.（建议某人不要做某事），后接动词不定式，故填to risk。
11. 句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语Knowledge是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式spreads，故填spreads。
12. 此处符合固定搭配be expected to do sth.（被期望做某事），后接动词不定式，故填to arrive。
13. 空格后是名词part，需要形容词修饰，south是名词“南方”，转换为形容词southern表示“南部的”，故填southern。
14. 空格后是名词countries，需要形容词修饰，Asia是名词“亚洲”，转换为形容词Asian表示“亚洲的”，故填Asian。
15. 空格处修饰动词manage，需要用副词，wise是形容词，转换为副词wisely，故填wisely。
16. 固定搭配take photos表示“拍照”，用复数表泛指，故填photos。
17. 此处符合固定搭配help sb. (to) do sth.（帮助某人做某事），不定式符号to可以省略，故填(to) relax。
18. 空格前有形容词性物主代词our，后接可数名词复数，stomach的复数形式为stomachs，故填stomachs。
19. 固定句型It is reported that...表示“据报道”，是被动语态结构，故填is reported。
20. 空格前是介词without，介词后接动名词形式，manage的动名词为managing，故填managing。
21. manner表示“礼仪”时固定用复数形式manners，故填manners。
22. 固定表达night blindness表示“夜盲症”，blind是形容词，转换为名词blindness，故填blindness。
23. 此处符合固定搭配keep doing sth.（一直做某事），后接动名词，故填learning。
24. 常见警示标识No parking表示“禁止停车”，no后接动名词，故填parking。
25. 句子强调“丢钥匙”这个过去动作对现在造成的影响（进不去房间），用现在完成时，主语是he，故填has lost。
26. 吸烟和允许是被动关系，描述公共规则用一般现在时，故填isn't allowed。
27. 空格前是系动词is，需要形容词作表语，crowd转换为形容词crowded表示“拥挤的”，故填crowded。
28. not only...but also...结构谓语动词遵循就近原则，靠近谓语的主语her twin sister是单数，后文语境为一般过去时，故填was。
29. 此处是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现规则，从句主语he和give是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is given。
【答案】
1. pollution 2. to have 3. advice 4. impolite 5. coaches' 6. harmless 7. to stay 8. factories 9. Italians 10. to risk 11. spreads 12. to arrive 13. southern 14. Asian 15. wisely 16. photos 17. (to) relax 18. stomachs 19. is reported 20. managing 21. manners 22. blindness 23. learning 24. parking 25. has lost 26. isn't allowed 27. crowded 28. was 29. is given
【知识点】
词形转换，非谓语动词，被动语态
【点评】
本题是初中英语词形变换的综合高频考点题型，覆盖了词性转换、固定搭配、时态语态、主谓一致、名词所有格等多个核心考点，解题时要先判断空格所需词性，再结合语境和语法规则推导，平时要多积累固定短语的特殊用法，注意名词复数、否定形容词等特殊变形的细节，避免不必要的丢分。
【难度系数】
0.65
这是典型的初中英语词形转换填空题，解题核心思路是三步推导：第一步先观察括号内所给单词的原始词性，第二步分析空格所在位置的语法属性，判断空格处需要填入的词性，同时结合前后文的固定搭配、语境含义、时态语态要求，第三步将原单词转换为符合规则的正确形式，最后验证填入后句子语义和语法完全通顺即可。
【解析】
1. 空格前有定冠词the，此处需要名词，pollute是动词“污染”，对应的名词形式为pollution，air pollution是固定短语“空气污染”，故填pollution。
2. 此处符合固定搭配afford to do sth.（负担得起做某事），后面接动词不定式，故填to have。
3. 空格前有修饰词some，此处需要名词，advise是动词“建议”，对应的不可数名词形式为advice，故填advice。
4. 根据后文“在公共场合大声交谈”的语境，可知该行为是不礼貌的，polite是“礼貌的”，转换为否定形容词impolite作表语，故填impolite。
5. 空格后是名词secrets，需要用名词所有格表示所属关系，some后接可数名词复数coaches，复数以s结尾的名词所有格直接加'，即coaches'，表示“教练们的”，故填coaches'。
6. 根据后文“我们不需要害怕它”的语境，可知这个动物对人类无害，harm转换为形容词harmless，构成be harmless to（对……无害）的固定搭配，故填harmless。
7. 此处符合固定搭配refuse to do sth.（拒绝做某事），后接动词不定式，故填to stay。
8. 数词two后接可数名词复数，factory的复数形式为factories，故填factories。
9. 此处表示“意大利人”，Italy是国家名，转换为Italian，用复数Italians指代一类人，故填Italians。
10. 此处符合固定搭配advise sb. not to do sth.（建议某人不要做某事），后接动词不定式，故填to risk。
11. 句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语Knowledge是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式spreads，故填spreads。
12. 此处符合固定搭配be expected to do sth.（被期望做某事），后接动词不定式，故填to arrive。
13. 空格后是名词part，需要形容词修饰，south是名词“南方”，转换为形容词southern表示“南部的”，故填southern。
14. 空格后是名词countries，需要形容词修饰，Asia是名词“亚洲”，转换为形容词Asian表示“亚洲的”，故填Asian。
15. 空格处修饰动词manage，需要用副词，wise是形容词，转换为副词wisely，故填wisely。
16. 固定搭配take photos表示“拍照”，用复数表泛指，故填photos。
17. 此处符合固定搭配help sb. (to) do sth.（帮助某人做某事），不定式符号to可以省略，故填(to) relax。
18. 空格前有形容词性物主代词our，后接可数名词复数，stomach的复数形式为stomachs，故填stomachs。
19. 固定句型It is reported that...表示“据报道”，是被动语态结构，故填is reported。
20. 空格前是介词without，介词后接动名词形式，manage的动名词为managing，故填managing。
21. manner表示“礼仪”时固定用复数形式manners，故填manners。
22. 固定表达night blindness表示“夜盲症”，blind是形容词，转换为名词blindness，故填blindness。
23. 此处符合固定搭配keep doing sth.（一直做某事），后接动名词，故填learning。
24. 常见警示标识No parking表示“禁止停车”，no后接动名词，故填parking。
25. 句子强调“丢钥匙”这个过去动作对现在造成的影响（进不去房间），用现在完成时，主语是he，故填has lost。
26. 吸烟和允许是被动关系，描述公共规则用一般现在时，故填isn't allowed。
27. 空格前是系动词is，需要形容词作表语，crowd转换为形容词crowded表示“拥挤的”，故填crowded。
28. not only...but also...结构谓语动词遵循就近原则，靠近谓语的主语her twin sister是单数，后文语境为一般过去时，故填was。
29. 此处是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现规则，从句主语he和give是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is given。
【答案】
1. pollution 2. to have 3. advice 4. impolite 5. coaches' 6. harmless 7. to stay 8. factories 9. Italians 10. to risk 11. spreads 12. to arrive 13. southern 14. Asian 15. wisely 16. photos 17. (to) relax 18. stomachs 19. is reported 20. managing 21. manners 22. blindness 23. learning 24. parking 25. has lost 26. isn't allowed 27. crowded 28. was 29. is given
【知识点】
词形转换，非谓语动词，被动语态
【点评】
本题是初中英语词形变换的综合高频考点题型，覆盖了词性转换、固定搭配、时态语态、主谓一致、名词所有格等多个核心考点，解题时要先判断空格所需词性，再结合语境和语法规则推导，平时要多积累固定短语的特殊用法，注意名词复数、否定形容词等特殊变形的细节，避免不必要的丢分。
【难度系数】
0.65