六、任务型阅读。(2025·江苏盐城东台第一教育联盟月考改编)
阅读短文，回答下列问题。
In the eyes of many foreigners, the Chinese are the best hosts and the worst guests in the world. And Western hosts sometimes look rude in the eyes of Chinese guests. It is because the guest-host relationship(关系)in China is quite different from that in some Western countries.
In China, guests are almost like gods. Whenever I enter a Chinese friend’s home, there is always fruit on the table for me, and someone is quick to bring me a cup of tea or water. In the West, generally the guest is not a god. Acting according to(根据)the host’s way is usual behaviour for a guest.
My wife’s mother, a very kind Chinese lady, doesn’t smoke. When I see some of her guests smoking in her house, as a non-smoker I feel unhappy. Usually I want to stop them directly, but I must realize that in China, to be a good host, she must not do that.
In most North American homes, if you are a guest, and the hosts are not smokers, you should not smoke in their houses. At the very least, you should ask, “Is it OK if I smoke?” But don’t be surprised if they say, “No, you can’t smoke.” In my culture, if you smoke in their houses, you are a bad guest, but if they don’t allow you to smoke in their houses, they are not rude hosts.
In a word, no matter where you are, the best way to be a good guest is to adapt to(适应)the local customs. Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”
1. To many foreigners, who are the best hosts and the worst guests in the world?
2. What is usual behaviour for a guest in the West?
3. What do you think is impolite for a guest to do?
阅读短文，回答下列问题。
In the eyes of many foreigners, the Chinese are the best hosts and the worst guests in the world. And Western hosts sometimes look rude in the eyes of Chinese guests. It is because the guest-host relationship(关系)in China is quite different from that in some Western countries.
In China, guests are almost like gods. Whenever I enter a Chinese friend’s home, there is always fruit on the table for me, and someone is quick to bring me a cup of tea or water. In the West, generally the guest is not a god. Acting according to(根据)the host’s way is usual behaviour for a guest.
My wife’s mother, a very kind Chinese lady, doesn’t smoke. When I see some of her guests smoking in her house, as a non-smoker I feel unhappy. Usually I want to stop them directly, but I must realize that in China, to be a good host, she must not do that.
In most North American homes, if you are a guest, and the hosts are not smokers, you should not smoke in their houses. At the very least, you should ask, “Is it OK if I smoke?” But don’t be surprised if they say, “No, you can’t smoke.” In my culture, if you smoke in their houses, you are a bad guest, but if they don’t allow you to smoke in their houses, they are not rude hosts.
In a word, no matter where you are, the best way to be a good guest is to adapt to(适应)the local customs. Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”
1. To many foreigners, who are the best hosts and the worst guests in the world?
The Chinese.
2. What is usual behaviour for a guest in the West?
Acting according to the host's way.
3. What do you think is impolite for a guest to do?
Smoking without asking.（言之有理即可）
答案：六、1. The Chinese.
2. Acting according to the host's way.
3. Smoking without asking.（言之有理即可）
2. Acting according to the host's way.
3. Smoking without asking.（言之有理即可）
解析：
翻译:
### 六、任务型阅读
阅读短文，回答下列问题。
在很多外国人眼中，中国人是世界上最好的主人，却是最差劲的客人。而西方主人在中国人眼中有时看起来很粗鲁。这是因为中国的宾主关系与一些西方国家的宾主关系大不相同。
在中国，客人几乎就像神一样。每当我走进中国朋友的家时，桌上总会为我准备好水果，而且总会有人很快给我端来一杯茶或水。在西方，一般来说客人并非神。按照主人的方式行事是客人的常见行为。
我妻子的母亲，一位非常善良的中国女士，不抽烟。当我看到她的一些客人在她家里抽烟时，作为一个不抽烟的人，我会感到不高兴。通常我想直接阻止他们，但我必须意识到，在中国，要做一个好主人，她不能那样做。
在大多数北美家庭中，如果你是客人，而主人不抽烟，你就不应该在他们家里抽烟。至少，你应该问一句：“我可以抽烟吗？”但如果他们说“不，你不能抽烟”，你也不必感到惊讶。在我的文化中，如果你在他们家里抽烟，你就是一个不好的客人，但如果他们不允许你在他们家里抽烟，他们也不是粗鲁的主人。
总之，无论你在哪里，做一个好客人的最佳方式就是适应当地的习俗。正如那句谚语所说：“入乡随俗。”
1. 对很多外国人来说，世界上谁是最好的主人、最差劲的客人？
中国人。
2. 在西方，客人的常见行为是什么？
按照主人的方式行事。
3. 你认为客人做什么是不礼貌的？
未经询问就抽烟。（言之有理即可）
### 六、任务型阅读
阅读短文，回答下列问题。
在很多外国人眼中，中国人是世界上最好的主人，却是最差劲的客人。而西方主人在中国人眼中有时看起来很粗鲁。这是因为中国的宾主关系与一些西方国家的宾主关系大不相同。
在中国，客人几乎就像神一样。每当我走进中国朋友的家时，桌上总会为我准备好水果，而且总会有人很快给我端来一杯茶或水。在西方，一般来说客人并非神。按照主人的方式行事是客人的常见行为。
我妻子的母亲，一位非常善良的中国女士，不抽烟。当我看到她的一些客人在她家里抽烟时，作为一个不抽烟的人，我会感到不高兴。通常我想直接阻止他们，但我必须意识到，在中国，要做一个好主人，她不能那样做。
在大多数北美家庭中，如果你是客人，而主人不抽烟，你就不应该在他们家里抽烟。至少，你应该问一句：“我可以抽烟吗？”但如果他们说“不，你不能抽烟”，你也不必感到惊讶。在我的文化中，如果你在他们家里抽烟，你就是一个不好的客人，但如果他们不允许你在他们家里抽烟，他们也不是粗鲁的主人。
总之，无论你在哪里，做一个好客人的最佳方式就是适应当地的习俗。正如那句谚语所说：“入乡随俗。”
1. 对很多外国人来说，世界上谁是最好的主人、最差劲的客人？
中国人。
2. 在西方，客人的常见行为是什么？
按照主人的方式行事。
3. 你认为客人做什么是不礼貌的？
未经询问就抽烟。（言之有理即可）
作业39 Assessment & Further study(单元写作提升)
话题分析
本单元的话题是“好的礼仪”，核心是引导学生全面认知礼仪的丰富内涵，了解中外礼仪的差异与共通之处，通过对比，反思自身行为，结合实际设计理想的礼仪场景，最终将对礼仪的理解转化为生动的文字表达。写作时首先要确定主题内容，然后收集相关信息、组织词句，要注意具体规则，可以先列出要点，再进行描述。
素材积累
◆ 开头句
1. Table manners are important in China.
2. I am going to share some helpful advice.
◆ 中间句
1. Firstly, when you are sitting at the table, you should not start eating until everyone is ready.
2. It is polite to talk about how tasty the food is.
3. When you are about to leave, don't forget to say "thank you".
◆ 结尾句
1. We should follow these rules to make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table.
2. I hope that you will find my advice useful.
◆ 谚语积累
1. Manners make the man. 观其待人，知其为人。
2. Manners cost nothing but mean everything. 礼貌不花费分文，却意义重大。
经典例题
生活中，良好的公共礼仪(good public manners)能让公共空间更和谐，让人们的出行、活动更舒心。请结合你对公共礼仪的理解，根据以下提示完成一篇英语短文，词数100左右。
【要点】
【要求】
1. 内容完整，语句通顺，语法正确，条理清晰。
2. 用自己的语言组织表达。
3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
写作指导
1. 主要用第一、二人称来写。
2. 时态以一般现在时为主。
3. 要写出有关公共礼仪的具体建议，可加以适当发挥。
写作模板
遣词造句
1. 你应该轻声说话，避免制造过多噪声。(avoid doing sth)
2. 另外，当你需要买票或付款时，要始终排队等候。(wait in line)
3. 而且，要记住在热闹的地方从别人身边挤过去是不礼貌的。(push past sb)
高分范文
话题分析
本单元的话题是“好的礼仪”，核心是引导学生全面认知礼仪的丰富内涵，了解中外礼仪的差异与共通之处，通过对比，反思自身行为，结合实际设计理想的礼仪场景，最终将对礼仪的理解转化为生动的文字表达。写作时首先要确定主题内容，然后收集相关信息、组织词句，要注意具体规则，可以先列出要点，再进行描述。
素材积累
◆ 开头句
1. Table manners are important in China.
2. I am going to share some helpful advice.
◆ 中间句
1. Firstly, when you are sitting at the table, you should not start eating until everyone is ready.
2. It is polite to talk about how tasty the food is.
3. When you are about to leave, don't forget to say "thank you".
◆ 结尾句
1. We should follow these rules to make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table.
2. I hope that you will find my advice useful.
◆ 谚语积累
1. Manners make the man. 观其待人，知其为人。
2. Manners cost nothing but mean everything. 礼貌不花费分文，却意义重大。
经典例题
生活中，良好的公共礼仪(good public manners)能让公共空间更和谐，让人们的出行、活动更舒心。请结合你对公共礼仪的理解，根据以下提示完成一篇英语短文，词数100左右。
【要点】
【要求】
1. 内容完整，语句通顺，语法正确，条理清晰。
2. 用自己的语言组织表达。
3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
写作指导
1. 主要用第一、二人称来写。
2. 时态以一般现在时为主。
3. 要写出有关公共礼仪的具体建议，可加以适当发挥。
写作模板
遣词造句
1. 你应该轻声说话，避免制造过多噪声。(avoid doing sth)
You should speak quietly and avoid making too much noise.
2. 另外，当你需要买票或付款时，要始终排队等候。(wait in line)
Also, always wait in line when you need to buy tickets or pay for things.
3. 而且，要记住在热闹的地方从别人身边挤过去是不礼貌的。(push past sb)
Moreover, remember it is impolite to push past others in busy places.
高分范文
答案：遣词造句1. You should speak quietly and avoid making too much noise.2. Also, always wait in line when you need to buy tickets or pay for things.3. Moreover, remember it is impolite to push past others in busy places.
解析：
【分析】
这道题分为指定短语遣词造句和主题短文写作两部分，解题思路如下：1. 先处理3个造句小题，首先明确每道题指定要使用的核心结构/短语：第一题要用到avoid doing sth结构，第二题要用到wait in line短语，第三题要用到push past sb短语，再把给出的中文提示逐部分对应翻译成符合英语语法的表达，拼接成通顺的句子即可。2. 处理短文写作部分，按照要求使用第一、二人称，以一般现在时为主要时态，围绕指定主题给出具体的行为建议，保证内容完整、词数符合要求，不出现真实人名校名即可。
【解析】
1. 第一句遣词造句：
首先确定主语you，情态动词should后接动词原形，“轻声说话”译为speak quietly，并列部分用and衔接，avoid后必须接动名词作宾语，因此“避免制造过多噪声”译为avoid making too much noise，组合后得到完整句子。
2. 第二句遣词造句：
用Also放在句首作衔接词，主句用祈使句结构表达要求，核心短语wait in line放在祈使句谓语位置，后续用when引导时间状语从句，翻译“当你需要买票或付款时”的对应表达，组合后得到完整句子。
3. 第三句遣词造句：
用Moreover放在句首作衔接词，主句用remember后接宾语从句，宾语从句使用it作形式主语的常用结构it is + adj + to do sth，将核心短语push past others放入真实主语的位置，补充地点状语in busy places，组合后得到完整句子。
4. 主题短文写作：紧扣对应主题，给出多条符合逻辑的相关建议，保证时态、人称符合要求，语句连贯即可。
【答案】
遣词造句：
1. You should speak quietly and avoid making too much noise.
2. Also, always wait in line when you need to buy tickets or pay for things.
3. Moreover, remember it is impolite to push past others in busy places.
参考短文：
One possible version:
Dear Tony,
I'm happy to hear that you will come to China. You have asked me about the lifestyle of Chinese people and Chinese traditions. Here are some of my ideas.
First, when we Chinese people meet for the first time, we shake hands or nod heads. Second, we use chopsticks instead of a knife and fork. Don't speak if you have food in your mouth. Third, on birthdays we usually have a birthday cake and long noodles. When others give us presents, we should accept them with both hands. Besides, the Spring Festival is the most important festival in China. People have a traditional family dinner together on the eve of the Spring Festival. Children get hongbao which means good luck during the Spring Festival.
I am looking forward to seeing you soon. I hope you will like China.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】
avoid用法，固定短语搭配，英语短文写作
【点评】
本题设置梯度合理，从基础的指定短语造句过渡到完整语篇输出，既考查了学生对核心动词用法、常用固定搭配的掌握程度，又锻炼了学生围绕指定主题组织连贯表达的写作能力，同时将英语学习和生活常识、文化常识结合，兼具知识性和实用性。
【难度系数】
0.8
这道题分为指定短语遣词造句和主题短文写作两部分，解题思路如下：1. 先处理3个造句小题，首先明确每道题指定要使用的核心结构/短语：第一题要用到avoid doing sth结构，第二题要用到wait in line短语，第三题要用到push past sb短语，再把给出的中文提示逐部分对应翻译成符合英语语法的表达，拼接成通顺的句子即可。2. 处理短文写作部分，按照要求使用第一、二人称，以一般现在时为主要时态，围绕指定主题给出具体的行为建议，保证内容完整、词数符合要求，不出现真实人名校名即可。
【解析】
1. 第一句遣词造句：
首先确定主语you，情态动词should后接动词原形，“轻声说话”译为speak quietly，并列部分用and衔接，avoid后必须接动名词作宾语，因此“避免制造过多噪声”译为avoid making too much noise，组合后得到完整句子。
2. 第二句遣词造句：
用Also放在句首作衔接词，主句用祈使句结构表达要求，核心短语wait in line放在祈使句谓语位置，后续用when引导时间状语从句，翻译“当你需要买票或付款时”的对应表达，组合后得到完整句子。
3. 第三句遣词造句：
用Moreover放在句首作衔接词，主句用remember后接宾语从句，宾语从句使用it作形式主语的常用结构it is + adj + to do sth，将核心短语push past others放入真实主语的位置，补充地点状语in busy places，组合后得到完整句子。
4. 主题短文写作：紧扣对应主题，给出多条符合逻辑的相关建议，保证时态、人称符合要求，语句连贯即可。
【答案】
遣词造句：
1. You should speak quietly and avoid making too much noise.
2. Also, always wait in line when you need to buy tickets or pay for things.
3. Moreover, remember it is impolite to push past others in busy places.
参考短文：
One possible version:
Dear Tony,
I'm happy to hear that you will come to China. You have asked me about the lifestyle of Chinese people and Chinese traditions. Here are some of my ideas.
First, when we Chinese people meet for the first time, we shake hands or nod heads. Second, we use chopsticks instead of a knife and fork. Don't speak if you have food in your mouth. Third, on birthdays we usually have a birthday cake and long noodles. When others give us presents, we should accept them with both hands. Besides, the Spring Festival is the most important festival in China. People have a traditional family dinner together on the eve of the Spring Festival. Children get hongbao which means good luck during the Spring Festival.
I am looking forward to seeing you soon. I hope you will like China.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】
avoid用法，固定短语搭配，英语短文写作
【点评】
本题设置梯度合理，从基础的指定短语造句过渡到完整语篇输出，既考查了学生对核心动词用法、常用固定搭配的掌握程度，又锻炼了学生围绕指定主题组织连贯表达的写作能力，同时将英语学习和生活常识、文化常识结合，兼具知识性和实用性。
【难度系数】
0.8