零五网 全部参考答案 启东中学作业本 2026年启东中学作业本八年级英语下册译林版宿迁专版 第140页解析答案
五、热点素材阅读理解。
At 11:44 p. m., on October 31, 2025, Shenzhour21 was successfully launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre. Carried by the Long March 2F Y21 carrier rocket, the spaceship entered its predetermined orbit(预定轨道)about 10 minutes later, with astronauts Zhang Lu, Wu Fei, and Zhang Hongzhang in good condition. This was the 37th flight mission of China's manned space programme(载人航天工程)and the final manned mission of 2025, marking solid progress in China's aerospace cause(航天事业).

A major highlight was its ultra-fast autonomous rendezvous and docking(自主交会对接). At 3:22 on November 1, only 3. 5 hours after the launch, the spaceship docked with the Tianhe core module(天和核心舱)of China's space station. This set a new record for China's manned space missions, showing the maturity of its docking technology. The scheme balanced efficiency and safety, greatly improving the space station's in-orbit operation efficiency(在轨运行效率).
Soon after, the 7th “space meeting” in China's aerospace history happened. The Shenzhou-21 crew met the Shenzhou-20 crew, who had been on orbit for over 180 days. They conducted a 5-day in-orbit handover(在轨交接), including file and equipment transfer, ensuring the space station's stable operation.
During their stay, the crew completed many scientific projects, including China's first in-orbit rodent mammal experiment(在轨啮齿类哺乳动物实验)to support long-term manned spaceflight(长期载人航天). They also installed space debris protection devices(空间碎片防护装置)and performed extravehicular activities(出舱活动)for equipment maintenance. The rocket had nearly 20 technical improvements, and the return capsule(返回舱)was optimized to enhance load capacity.
As a key mission in the space station's application phase, Shenzhou-21 improved the station's operation capability and accumulated experience for future tasks. It showcases China's growing aerospace strength and inspires people to pursue dreams in science and space exploration.
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(
B
)1. How long did it take Shenzhou-21 to dock with the Tianhe core module after the launch?
A. About 10 minutes.
B. 3. 5 hours.
C. 5 days.
D. Over 180 days.
(
B
)2. What can we infer from the passage about China's aerospace industry?
A. It has no room for further improvement.
B. It is developing rapidly and has strong strength.
C. It only focuses on manned space missions.
D. It has never set any records in space technology.
(
D
)3. Which of the following is NOT part of the Shenzhou-21 crew's in-orbit tasks?
A. Completing many scientific projects including a rodent mammal experiment.
B. Installing space debris protection devices outside the station.
C. Conducting a 5-day in-orbit handover with Shenzhou-20 crew.
D. Making nearly 20 technical improvements with the rocket.
(
A
)4. 新考法 What is the structure of the passage?
A. ①/②③④/⑤
B. ①②/③④/⑤
C. ①/②③/④⑤
D. ①②③/④/⑤
(
B
)5. 新考法 Who is the passage most likely written for?
A. Astronauts preparing for space missions.
B. Middle school students interested in space.
C. Scientists researching rocket technology.
D. Engineers designing space stations.
答案:1. B 【点拨】根据文章第二段第二句“At 3:22 on November 1, only 3.5 hours after the launch, the spaceship docked with the Tianhe core module(天和核心舱) of China's space station.”可知选 B。
2. B 【点拨】根据文章最后一段中的“It showcases China's growing aerospace strength”可知,中国航天实力不断增强,发展迅速。故选 B。
3. D 【点拨】根据文章第三、四段可知,乘组的任务包括“完成多项科学项目(含啮齿类哺乳动物实验)”(A 选项)、“安装空间碎片防护装置”(B 选项)、“与神舟二十号乘组进行 5 天在轨交接”(C 选项)。D 选项“对火箭进行近 20 项技术改进”在第四段最后一句提及,但主语是“the rocket”(火箭),并非乘组的在轨任务,而是发射前的技术优化。故选 D。
4. A 【点拨】第一段介绍神舟二十一号的基本信息;第二段讲核心亮点(快速对接)、第三段讲太空会面与在轨交接、第四段讲在轨任务,这三段均为具体任务细节;第五段总结任务意义。因此结构为“总起—分述—总结”。故选 A。
5. B 【点拨】文章语言简洁,术语配中文注释,内容涵盖发射、任务、意义等基础信息,无过于专业的深度研究内容,适合对太空感兴趣的中学生阅读。故选 B。
解析:
翻译:
### 五、热点素材阅读理解
2025年10月31日晚上11点44分,神舟二十一号从酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射。在长征二号F遥二十一运载火箭的搭载下,这艘飞船大约10分钟后进入预定轨道,宇航员张陆、吴飞和张洪章状态良好。这是中国载人航天工程的第37次飞行任务,也是2025年的最后一次载人任务,标志着中国航天事业取得了坚实的进展。
一个主要亮点是其超快速自主交会对接。11月1日凌晨3点22分,也就是发射后仅3.5小时,飞船就与中国空间站的天和核心舱完成了对接。这为中国载人航天任务创造了一项新纪录,展示了其对接技术的成熟。该方案在效率和安全性之间取得了平衡,极大地提高了空间站的在轨运行效率。
不久之后,中国航天史上的第7次“太空会师”上演。神舟二十一号乘组与已经在轨180多天的神舟二十号乘组会面。他们进行了为期5天的在轨交接,包括文件和设备的移交,以确保空间站的稳定运行。
在他们驻留期间,乘组完成了许多科学项目,包括中国首次在轨啮齿类哺乳动物实验,以支持长期载人航天。他们还安装了空间碎片防护装置,并进行了出舱活动以维护设备。火箭进行了近20项技术改进,返回舱也进行了优化以提高承载能力。
作为空间站应用阶段的一项关键任务,神舟二十一号提高了空间站的运行能力,并为未来的任务积累了经验。它展示了中国日益增强的航天实力,并激励人们在科学和太空探索领域追求梦想。
1. 神舟二十一号发射后,用了多长时间与天和核心舱对接?
A. 大约10分钟。
B. 3.5小时。
C. 5天。
D. 180多天。
2. 从文章中我们可以推断出关于中国航天事业的什么信息?
A. 它没有进一步改进的空间了。
B. 它发展迅速且实力雄厚。
C. 它只关注载人航天任务。
D. 它在航天技术方面从未创造过任何纪录。
3. 以下哪项不属于神舟二十一号乘组的在轨任务?
A. 完成包括一项啮齿类哺乳动物实验在内的许多科学项目。
B. 在空间站外安装空间碎片防护装置。
C. 与神舟二十号乘组进行为期5天的在轨交接。
D. 对火箭进行近20项技术改进。
4. (新考法)这篇文章的结构是怎样的?
A. ①/②③④/⑤
B. ①②/③④/⑤
C. ①/②③/④⑤
D. ①②③/④/⑤
5. (新考法)这篇文章最有可能是写给谁的?
A. 准备执行太空任务的宇航员。
B. 对太空感兴趣的中学生。
C. 研究火箭技术的科学家。
D. 设计空间站的工程师。
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