本单元的话题是“过去与现在”,围绕中国城市与农村的变化与发展,写作题目一般要求我们描述城市变化、社会发展或家乡的变化,学生需要从多个方面对比过去与现在的不同之处。
答案:(写作框架示例)
开头:引入主题(如My hometown has changed a lot over the years.)
主体:分点对比
环境:In the past, there were few trees and the river was dirty. Now, there are many green trees and the river is clean.
交通:People used to walk or ride bikes. Now, many families have cars and there are more buses.
住房:We lived in small old houses. Now, we have tall buildings and comfortable flats.
结尾:总结感受(I'm glad to see these changes and love my hometown more.)
开头:引入主题(如My hometown has changed a lot over the years.)
主体:分点对比
环境:In the past, there were few trees and the river was dirty. Now, there are many green trees and the river is clean.
交通:People used to walk or ride bikes. Now, many families have cars and there are more buses.
住房:We lived in small old houses. Now, we have tall buildings and comfortable flats.
结尾:总结感受(I'm glad to see these changes and love my hometown more.)
解析:
1. 确定主题(如家乡/城市/农村变化);2. 选取对比方面(环境、交通、住房、教育等);3. 用一般过去时描述过去,一般现在时描述现在;4. 使用连接词(in the past, now, however等)组织内容;5. 结尾总结变化感受或原因。
Ⅰ. 例题
随着科技的发展,我们的生活发生了日新月异的变化。请根据以下提示内容,以“How life changes!”为题,用英语写一篇短文。

要求:1. 文章必须包含提示要点,可适当发挥;
2. 词数不少于 90。(开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总词数)
How life changes!
Great changes have taken place in our lives.
In a word, people are living a better life than before.
随着科技的发展,我们的生活发生了日新月异的变化。请根据以下提示内容,以“How life changes!”为题,用英语写一篇短文。
要求:1. 文章必须包含提示要点,可适当发挥;
2. 词数不少于 90。(开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总词数)
How life changes!
Great changes have taken place in our lives.
In a word, people are living a better life than before.
答案:First, the way we get information has changed a lot. In the past, people got news from newspapers, radios and TV. But now, we can easily get information through the Internet and mobile phones. We can read news online or use apps to know what’s happening around the world quickly. Second, our living conditions are much better. In the past, people lived in old and dirty houses. However, now we live in new and clean apartments. Most of them are big and bright, with modern facilities like air conditioners and sofas. Besides, communication is more convenient. In the past, people wrote letters or sent postcards to keep in touch. Now, we can use mobile phones to make calls or send messages on WeChat anytime and anywhere. It’s fast and easy. Also, shopping has become easier. In the past, people had to go to nearby shops. But now, we can do online shopping. We can buy almost everything on shopping websites and have them delivered to our homes.
解析:
1. 确定写作要点:围绕获取信息、居住条件、通讯方式、购物方式四个方面,对比过去与现在的变化。2. 组织内容:用连接词(First, Second, Besides, Also)连接各要点,使用一般现在时描述现在情况,适当添加细节(如具体方式、感受)。3. 控制词数:确保主体内容覆盖所有要点且不少于90词。
Ⅰ. 话题词汇
1. 改革开放
2. 榜样
3. 生活条件
4. 多亏了……的支持
1. 改革开放
reform and opening up
2. 榜样
role model
3. 生活条件
living conditions
4. 多亏了……的支持
thanks to the support from ...
答案:Ⅰ. 1. reform and opening up 2. role model
3. living conditions 4. thanks to the support from ...
3. living conditions 4. thanks to the support from ...
解析:
【分析】
这是一道话题词汇汉译英题目,解题思路在于回忆并掌握对应的英语固定表达:
1. “改革开放”是特定的专有名词短语,有固定的英语译法;
2. “榜样”对应的常用英语名词短语需准确记忆,注意区分相近表达;
3. “生活条件”是常见的名词短语,采用形容词修饰名词的结构;
4. “多亏了……的支持”要先掌握“多亏了”的固定短语“thanks to”,再结合“……的支持”的表达“the support from...”组合而成。
【解析】
1. “改革开放”对应的固定英语专有表达为reform and opening up;
2. “榜样”常用的标准英语表达为role model;
3. “生活条件”中用形容词living修饰名词conditions,构成短语living conditions;
4. “多亏了……的支持”中“多亏了”译为thanks to,“……的支持”译为the support from...,组合得到完整表达thanks to the support from ...。
【答案】
Ⅰ. 1. reform and opening up 2. role model
3. living conditions 4. thanks to the support from ...
【知识点】
话题词汇汉译英、固定短语搭配、名词短语表达
【点评】
本题考查的是常见话题的英语词汇表达,均为日常学习和考试中高频出现的词汇短语,掌握这些表达有助于提升英语写作和口语表达能力,需牢记其固定搭配和拼写。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一道话题词汇汉译英题目,解题思路在于回忆并掌握对应的英语固定表达:
1. “改革开放”是特定的专有名词短语,有固定的英语译法;
2. “榜样”对应的常用英语名词短语需准确记忆,注意区分相近表达;
3. “生活条件”是常见的名词短语,采用形容词修饰名词的结构;
4. “多亏了……的支持”要先掌握“多亏了”的固定短语“thanks to”,再结合“……的支持”的表达“the support from...”组合而成。
【解析】
1. “改革开放”对应的固定英语专有表达为reform and opening up;
2. “榜样”常用的标准英语表达为role model;
3. “生活条件”中用形容词living修饰名词conditions,构成短语living conditions;
4. “多亏了……的支持”中“多亏了”译为thanks to,“……的支持”译为the support from...,组合得到完整表达thanks to the support from ...。
【答案】
Ⅰ. 1. reform and opening up 2. role model
3. living conditions 4. thanks to the support from ...
【知识点】
话题词汇汉译英、固定短语搭配、名词短语表达
【点评】
本题考查的是常见话题的英语词汇表达,均为日常学习和考试中高频出现的词汇短语,掌握这些表达有助于提升英语写作和口语表达能力,需牢记其固定搭配和拼写。
【难度系数】
0.8
Ⅱ. 佳句翻译
1. 在过去的三十年里,中国发生了巨大的变化。
2. 那时,人们常常通过书信相互沟通。
1. 在过去的三十年里,中国发生了巨大的变化。
Great changes have taken place in China over the past thirty years.
2. 那时,人们常常通过书信相互沟通。
Back then, people used to communicate with each other through letters.
答案:Ⅱ. 1. Great changes have taken place in China over the past thirty years.
2. Back then, people used to communicate with each other through letters.
2. Back then, people used to communicate with each other through letters.
解析:
【分析】
第1题:首先观察时间状语“在过去的三十年里”,这是现在完成时的典型标志,因此句子需采用现在完成时态。“巨大的变化”常用英文表达“Great changes”,“发生”用固定短语“take place”,结合现在完成时结构变为“have taken place”,再搭配地点状语“in China”和时间状语“over the past thirty years”,即可组合出正确句子。
第2题:“那时”对应的英文是“Back then”,放在句首点明时间背景;“常常做某事”用固定结构“used to do sth”来表达过去经常性的动作,“相互沟通”译为“communicate with each other”,“通过书信”用“through letters”,按照逻辑将这些部分整合就能得到准确翻译。
【解析】
1. 时态判定:“在过去的三十年里”表明动作从过去持续到现在,使用现在完成时,结构为“have/has + 过去分词”;主语“巨大的变化”译为“Great changes”,为复数,助动词用have;“发生”的过去分词形式是“taken place”;依次添加地点状语“in China”和时间状语“over the past thirty years”,最终句子为:Great changes have taken place in China over the past thirty years.
2. 时间状语“那时”译为“Back then”置于句首;“常常做某事”用“used to + 动词原形”结构,“相互沟通”译为“communicate with each other”,“通过书信”译为“through letters”,整合后得到句子:Back then, people used to communicate with each other through letters.
【答案】
Ⅱ. 1. Great changes have taken place in China over the past thirty years.
2. Back then, people used to communicate with each other through letters.
【知识点】
现在完成时用法;used to结构;固定短语搭配
【点评】
这两道题重点考查英语时态的匹配运用和日常固定表达的积累。第一题需牢记时间状语与现在完成时的对应关系,第二题要掌握used to表示过去习惯性动作的用法,平时多积累这类基础短语和时态规则,就能轻松应对此类翻译题目。
【难度系数】
0.8
第1题:首先观察时间状语“在过去的三十年里”,这是现在完成时的典型标志,因此句子需采用现在完成时态。“巨大的变化”常用英文表达“Great changes”,“发生”用固定短语“take place”,结合现在完成时结构变为“have taken place”,再搭配地点状语“in China”和时间状语“over the past thirty years”,即可组合出正确句子。
第2题:“那时”对应的英文是“Back then”,放在句首点明时间背景;“常常做某事”用固定结构“used to do sth”来表达过去经常性的动作,“相互沟通”译为“communicate with each other”,“通过书信”用“through letters”,按照逻辑将这些部分整合就能得到准确翻译。
【解析】
1. 时态判定:“在过去的三十年里”表明动作从过去持续到现在,使用现在完成时,结构为“have/has + 过去分词”;主语“巨大的变化”译为“Great changes”,为复数,助动词用have;“发生”的过去分词形式是“taken place”;依次添加地点状语“in China”和时间状语“over the past thirty years”,最终句子为:Great changes have taken place in China over the past thirty years.
2. 时间状语“那时”译为“Back then”置于句首;“常常做某事”用“used to + 动词原形”结构,“相互沟通”译为“communicate with each other”,“通过书信”译为“through letters”,整合后得到句子:Back then, people used to communicate with each other through letters.
【答案】
Ⅱ. 1. Great changes have taken place in China over the past thirty years.
2. Back then, people used to communicate with each other through letters.
【知识点】
现在完成时用法;used to结构;固定短语搭配
【点评】
这两道题重点考查英语时态的匹配运用和日常固定表达的积累。第一题需牢记时间状语与现在完成时的对应关系,第二题要掌握used to表示过去习惯性动作的用法,平时多积累这类基础短语和时态规则,就能轻松应对此类翻译题目。
【难度系数】
0.8