五、阅读短文,在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词,或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
The mystery of Stonehenge(巨石阵) in England
Stonehenge is a very old place in England. It's famous for its big stones. They stand in a circle. No one 1 (know) who built it or why, but it's been there for 2 (thousand) of years. People 3 all over the world come to visit it every year.
The stones are huge 4 heavy. Some of them weigh as much as a truck! 5 (science) say people brought the stones from faraway places and put 6 (they) together.
Why did people build Stonehenge? How long did it take them 7 (build) it? Some say it was a place for ancient people to worship(敬奉) the sun. Others think it was a tomb(坟墓) for important people. Still, no one has found out the truth.
During special times like the summer solstice(夏至),the sun 8 (go) up and aligns(对准) with certain stones, making 9 amazing view. This makes many people 10 (think) Stonehenge was built with knowledge(知识) of the stars.
1.
6.
The mystery of Stonehenge(巨石阵) in England
Stonehenge is a very old place in England. It's famous for its big stones. They stand in a circle. No one 1 (know) who built it or why, but it's been there for 2 (thousand) of years. People 3 all over the world come to visit it every year.
The stones are huge 4 heavy. Some of them weigh as much as a truck! 5 (science) say people brought the stones from faraway places and put 6 (they) together.
Why did people build Stonehenge? How long did it take them 7 (build) it? Some say it was a place for ancient people to worship(敬奉) the sun. Others think it was a tomb(坟墓) for important people. Still, no one has found out the truth.
During special times like the summer solstice(夏至),the sun 8 (go) up and aligns(对准) with certain stones, making 9 amazing view. This makes many people 10 (think) Stonehenge was built with knowledge(知识) of the stars.
1.
knows
2. thousands
3. from
4. and
5. Scientists
6.
them
7. to build
8. goes
9. an
10. think
答案:五、1. knows 2. thousands 3. from 4. and 5. Scientists 6. them 7. to build 8. goes 9. an 10. think
解析:
【分析】
这是一篇基础类语法填空题,解题思路可以分为两步:第一步先通读全文,明确短文介绍英国巨石阵的主题,确定全文整体以一般现在时为核心时态;第二步逐个区分空格类型:有括号提示词的空格,优先结合句子成分、时态、固定搭配判断词形变化规则,没有提示词的空格,结合上下文逻辑和固定表达判断需要填入的介词、连词、冠词等虚词,顺着这个思路就能逐个推出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 空格1:主语No one是不定代词,不定代词作主语时谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,全文为一般现在时,因此动词know变形为knows。
2. 空格2:thousands of是固定搭配,意为“数千的、成千上万的”,符合语境“它已经存在数千年了”,因此填thousands。
3. 空格3:此处要表达“来自世界各地的人们”,介词from表示“来自”,符合句子逻辑,因此填from。
4. 空格4:huge(巨大的)和heavy(沉重的)是并列的两个形容词,共同修饰石头的特征,用并列连词and连接,因此填and。
5. 空格5:句子缺少主语,提示词science意为“科学”,此处要表达“科学家”,句中谓语say是原形,说明主语是复数,因此变形为Scientists,句首首字母大写。
6. 空格6:动词put后面需要接人称代词的宾格作宾语,主格they的宾格形式是them,因此填them。
7. 空格7:It takes sb. some time to do sth.是固定句型,意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”,此处需要用不定式作真正主语,因此填to build。
8. 空格8:主语the sun是第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,谓语动词要和后面的aligns形式保持一致,因此go变形为goes。
9. 空格9:此处表达“一处令人惊叹的景观”,amazing是以元音音素开头的单词,因此用不定冠词an。
10. 空格10:make sb. do sth.是固定搭配,意为“让某人做某事”,make后面接不带to的不定式作宾补,因此填动词原形think。
【答案】
1. knows 2. thousands 3. from 4. and 5. Scientists 6. them 7. to build 8. goes 9. an 10. think
【知识点】
1. 主谓一致
2. 非谓语动词
3. 冠词用法
【点评】
本题属于初中阶段基础难度的语法填空,考点全部围绕核心基础语法点设置,结合科普类短文的语境考察学生对词形变换、固定搭配、基础虚词用法的掌握程度,只要熟练掌握课本里的基础固定句型和词性转换规则,结合上下文稍加分析就可以顺利拿到满分。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇基础类语法填空题,解题思路可以分为两步:第一步先通读全文,明确短文介绍英国巨石阵的主题,确定全文整体以一般现在时为核心时态;第二步逐个区分空格类型:有括号提示词的空格,优先结合句子成分、时态、固定搭配判断词形变化规则,没有提示词的空格,结合上下文逻辑和固定表达判断需要填入的介词、连词、冠词等虚词,顺着这个思路就能逐个推出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 空格1:主语No one是不定代词,不定代词作主语时谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,全文为一般现在时,因此动词know变形为knows。
2. 空格2:thousands of是固定搭配,意为“数千的、成千上万的”,符合语境“它已经存在数千年了”,因此填thousands。
3. 空格3:此处要表达“来自世界各地的人们”,介词from表示“来自”,符合句子逻辑,因此填from。
4. 空格4:huge(巨大的)和heavy(沉重的)是并列的两个形容词,共同修饰石头的特征,用并列连词and连接,因此填and。
5. 空格5:句子缺少主语,提示词science意为“科学”,此处要表达“科学家”,句中谓语say是原形,说明主语是复数,因此变形为Scientists,句首首字母大写。
6. 空格6:动词put后面需要接人称代词的宾格作宾语,主格they的宾格形式是them,因此填them。
7. 空格7:It takes sb. some time to do sth.是固定句型,意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”,此处需要用不定式作真正主语,因此填to build。
8. 空格8:主语the sun是第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,谓语动词要和后面的aligns形式保持一致,因此go变形为goes。
9. 空格9:此处表达“一处令人惊叹的景观”,amazing是以元音音素开头的单词,因此用不定冠词an。
10. 空格10:make sb. do sth.是固定搭配,意为“让某人做某事”,make后面接不带to的不定式作宾补,因此填动词原形think。
【答案】
1. knows 2. thousands 3. from 4. and 5. Scientists 6. them 7. to build 8. goes 9. an 10. think
【知识点】
1. 主谓一致
2. 非谓语动词
3. 冠词用法
【点评】
本题属于初中阶段基础难度的语法填空,考点全部围绕核心基础语法点设置,结合科普类短文的语境考察学生对词形变换、固定搭配、基础虚词用法的掌握程度,只要熟练掌握课本里的基础固定句型和词性转换规则,结合上下文稍加分析就可以顺利拿到满分。
【难度系数】
0.8
六、任务型阅读。
阅读短文,从短文后所给的 A~F 六个选项中选出五个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Yangtze River is more than 6,300 kilometres long. In the world, it is the third longest river, but it is the longest river in China. 1
The birthplace of the Yangtze River is the Tuotuo River in Qinghai Province. 2 Finally, it runs into the sea. Whenever you'd like to enjoy the Yangtze River, it is always so beautiful.
3 So I know this river very well. In the morning, everything goes smoothly. It's the best time to see the Yangtze River on the bridge. 4 At noon, the sun shines brightly on the water, and it looks much nicer. In the evening, I like playing games in the Binjiang Park by the river. 5 The colourful lights on the ships also add beauty to the Yangtze River.
The Yangtze River never stops for a moment, feeding every living thing on the land with its long and huge body. The Yangtze River, our "mother river", I am proud of you!
A. Many people come to fish in the Yangtze River.
B. It is the "mother river" of Chinese people.
C. It looks like a long huge Chinese loong(龙),truly amazing.
D. I often see ships passing by on the Yangtze River.
E. It runs through eleven provinces and cities, from west to east.
F. I was born and grew up in Yichang, a city near the Yangtze River.
1.
阅读短文,从短文后所给的 A~F 六个选项中选出五个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Yangtze River is more than 6,300 kilometres long. In the world, it is the third longest river, but it is the longest river in China. 1
The birthplace of the Yangtze River is the Tuotuo River in Qinghai Province. 2 Finally, it runs into the sea. Whenever you'd like to enjoy the Yangtze River, it is always so beautiful.
3 So I know this river very well. In the morning, everything goes smoothly. It's the best time to see the Yangtze River on the bridge. 4 At noon, the sun shines brightly on the water, and it looks much nicer. In the evening, I like playing games in the Binjiang Park by the river. 5 The colourful lights on the ships also add beauty to the Yangtze River.
The Yangtze River never stops for a moment, feeding every living thing on the land with its long and huge body. The Yangtze River, our "mother river", I am proud of you!
A. Many people come to fish in the Yangtze River.
B. It is the "mother river" of Chinese people.
C. It looks like a long huge Chinese loong(龙),truly amazing.
D. I often see ships passing by on the Yangtze River.
E. It runs through eleven provinces and cities, from west to east.
F. I was born and grew up in Yichang, a city near the Yangtze River.
1.
B
2. E
3. F
4. C
5. D
答案:六、1. B 2. E 3. F 4. C 5. D
解析:
【分析】
这是一道六选五的阅读补全任务型阅读,解题核心是梳理上下文的逻辑衔接关系:首先通读全文,明确文章按照“长江基本地位介绍→长江发源与流向概况→作者在长江边的生活经历→赞美长江是母亲河”的脉络展开。我们可以逐个对应空格的前后提示:第一空前文刚点明长江是中国最长的河流,接下来自然承接它的特殊地位;第二空前文提发源地、后文提最终入海,中间需要补充长江的流经过程;第三空后文出现“我很了解这条河”的结果,前文要给出对应的原因;第四空前文说早上在桥上看长江是最佳时段,空格处要填入观赏时看到的长江景象;第五空后文提到船上的彩灯增色,前文要先引出“船”的相关内容,最后排除和全文语境无关的多余选项即可得到答案。
【解析】
1. 空1前文介绍长江的长度排名,点明它是中国最长的河流,B选项“它是中国人民的母亲河”承接上文对长江地位的描述,同时呼应文末的“母亲河”表述,逻辑连贯。
2. 空2前句点明长江的发源地是青海沱沱河,后句说明它最终汇入大海,E选项“它自西向东流经11个省市”刚好补充了长江从发源地到入海的完整流经路径,前后顺承合理。
3. 空3后句出现“所以我非常了解这条河”的因果结果,F选项“我在长江附近的城市宜昌出生长大”正好是“熟悉长江”的原因,因果关系完全匹配。
4. 空4前句说明早上在桥上观赏长江是最好的时段,C选项“它看起来像一条长长的中国巨龙,着实令人惊叹”是站在桥上观赏长江时看到的整体壮阔景象,符合当下语境。
5. 空5后句提到“船上的彩灯也为长江增添美感”,D选项“我经常看到长江上有船只驶过”先引出“船只”的相关内容,自然衔接后文对船上彩灯的描述。多余选项A“很多人来长江钓鱼”在全文没有对应语境,因此排除。
【答案】
1. B 2. E 3. F 4. C 5. D
【知识点】
任务型阅读,语篇逻辑衔接,阅读理解
【点评】
本题难度适中,所有空格的提示线索都非常明确,分别对应地位承接、流向顺承、因果关联、场景描写、前后呼应五类逻辑,干扰项和全文主题契合度很低,学生只要抓住空格前后的关键词,梳理清楚句间关系就可以轻松选出正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一道六选五的阅读补全任务型阅读,解题核心是梳理上下文的逻辑衔接关系:首先通读全文,明确文章按照“长江基本地位介绍→长江发源与流向概况→作者在长江边的生活经历→赞美长江是母亲河”的脉络展开。我们可以逐个对应空格的前后提示:第一空前文刚点明长江是中国最长的河流,接下来自然承接它的特殊地位;第二空前文提发源地、后文提最终入海,中间需要补充长江的流经过程;第三空后文出现“我很了解这条河”的结果,前文要给出对应的原因;第四空前文说早上在桥上看长江是最佳时段,空格处要填入观赏时看到的长江景象;第五空后文提到船上的彩灯增色,前文要先引出“船”的相关内容,最后排除和全文语境无关的多余选项即可得到答案。
【解析】
1. 空1前文介绍长江的长度排名,点明它是中国最长的河流,B选项“它是中国人民的母亲河”承接上文对长江地位的描述,同时呼应文末的“母亲河”表述,逻辑连贯。
2. 空2前句点明长江的发源地是青海沱沱河,后句说明它最终汇入大海,E选项“它自西向东流经11个省市”刚好补充了长江从发源地到入海的完整流经路径,前后顺承合理。
3. 空3后句出现“所以我非常了解这条河”的因果结果,F选项“我在长江附近的城市宜昌出生长大”正好是“熟悉长江”的原因,因果关系完全匹配。
4. 空4前句说明早上在桥上观赏长江是最好的时段,C选项“它看起来像一条长长的中国巨龙,着实令人惊叹”是站在桥上观赏长江时看到的整体壮阔景象,符合当下语境。
5. 空5后句提到“船上的彩灯也为长江增添美感”,D选项“我经常看到长江上有船只驶过”先引出“船只”的相关内容,自然衔接后文对船上彩灯的描述。多余选项A“很多人来长江钓鱼”在全文没有对应语境,因此排除。
【答案】
1. B 2. E 3. F 4. C 5. D
【知识点】
任务型阅读,语篇逻辑衔接,阅读理解
【点评】
本题难度适中,所有空格的提示线索都非常明确,分别对应地位承接、流向顺承、因果关联、场景描写、前后呼应五类逻辑,干扰项和全文主题契合度很低,学生只要抓住空格前后的关键词,梳理清楚句间关系就可以轻松选出正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.7