五、阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Lofton is a small village in the UK. It is not far from 1 city of Manchester. There are not many families in the village, so people here know each other. Most of them are 2 (friend) and helpful.
Though(尽管) 3 (they) homes are in Lofton, many people have jobs in Manchester. Some work 4 large factories there. A few work in shops or offices. Most of them go to work by train. It usually 5 (take) about half an hour from Lofton to Manchester.
In the evening, a lot of people like 6 (watch) TV. If they want to see a film, they have to go to Manchester. There are no 7 (cinema) in Lofton.
Like many other 8 (village) near towns or cities, Lofton is clean and quiet. Life here may not be so 9 (excite) as that in big cities, but it is comfortable. That is 10 the people in Lofton love their village.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Lofton is a small village in the UK. It is not far from 1 city of Manchester. There are not many families in the village, so people here know each other. Most of them are 2 (friend) and helpful.
Though(尽管) 3 (they) homes are in Lofton, many people have jobs in Manchester. Some work 4 large factories there. A few work in shops or offices. Most of them go to work by train. It usually 5 (take) about half an hour from Lofton to Manchester.
In the evening, a lot of people like 6 (watch) TV. If they want to see a film, they have to go to Manchester. There are no 7 (cinema) in Lofton.
Like many other 8 (village) near towns or cities, Lofton is clean and quiet. Life here may not be so 9 (excite) as that in big cities, but it is comfortable. That is 10 the people in Lofton love their village.
1.
the
2.
friendly
3.
their
4.
in
5.
takes
6.
watching
7.
cinemas
8.
villages
9.
exciting
10.
why
答案：五、1. the 2. friendly 3. their 4. in 5. takes 6. watching 7. cinemas 8. villages 9. exciting 10. why
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇基础语篇型语法填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，明确文章是介绍英国小村庄Lofton的基本情况，整体时态为一般现在时。之后可以把题目分为两类推导：一类是无提示词的空，结合语境判断考点是冠词、介词、从句引导词；另一类是给出提示词的空，结合句子结构判断需要做的词性转换、名词单复数变形、动词时态/非谓语变形，最后再通读全文验证所有空的逻辑和语法是否通顺即可。
【解析】
1. 空后是city of Manchester，特指曼彻斯特这座城市，特指的限定名词前要搭配定冠词the，因此填the。
2. 句中系动词are后需要接形容词作表语，和并列结构里的形容词helpful保持词性一致，名词friend对应的形容词形式是friendly，意为友好的，因此填friendly。
3. 空后有名词homes，需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，人称代词they对应的形容词性物主代词是their，意为他们的，因此填their。
4. 此处表达“在大型工厂内部工作”，描述在封闭空间内部的地点介词用in，work in large factories是常用搭配，因此填in。
5. 句子主语It指代前文坐火车通勤这件事，属于第三人称单数，全文为一般现在时，谓语动词take要变为第三人称单数形式takes，因此填takes。
6. 固定搭配like doing sth.表示长期的爱好、习惯性喜欢做某事，动词watch要变为动名词形式watching，因此填watching。
7. 句中be动词是are，说明后面的名词要用复数形式，可数名词cinema的复数变形是cinemas，no cinemas表示没有电影院，因此填cinemas。
8. 固定结构many other后要接可数名词复数，表示“许多其他的……”，名词village的复数变形是villages，因此填villages。
9. 此处作表语修饰事物life，要用以-ing结尾的形容词exciting，意为令人兴奋的，用来描述事物的属性，因此填exciting。
10. 此处引导表语从句，That is why...是固定句式，意为“那就是……的原因”，符合句意“那就是Lofton的居民热爱他们村庄的原因”，因此填why。
【答案】
1. the 2. friendly 3. their 4. in 5. takes 6. watching 7. cinemas 8. villages 9. exciting 10. why
【知识点】
冠词用法，词形转换，固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于初中阶段的基础语篇语法填空，考点覆盖了初中低年级核心的词法、句法基础内容，绝大多数空都可以通过基础语法规则和固定搭配直接推导，既考查学生对基础知识点的记忆熟练度，也结合语篇语境考查学生的上下文逻辑理解能力，适合用来巩固基础语法知识。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇基础语篇型语法填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，明确文章是介绍英国小村庄Lofton的基本情况，整体时态为一般现在时。之后可以把题目分为两类推导：一类是无提示词的空，结合语境判断考点是冠词、介词、从句引导词；另一类是给出提示词的空，结合句子结构判断需要做的词性转换、名词单复数变形、动词时态/非谓语变形，最后再通读全文验证所有空的逻辑和语法是否通顺即可。
【解析】
1. 空后是city of Manchester，特指曼彻斯特这座城市，特指的限定名词前要搭配定冠词the，因此填the。
2. 句中系动词are后需要接形容词作表语，和并列结构里的形容词helpful保持词性一致，名词friend对应的形容词形式是friendly，意为友好的，因此填friendly。
3. 空后有名词homes，需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，人称代词they对应的形容词性物主代词是their，意为他们的，因此填their。
4. 此处表达“在大型工厂内部工作”，描述在封闭空间内部的地点介词用in，work in large factories是常用搭配，因此填in。
5. 句子主语It指代前文坐火车通勤这件事，属于第三人称单数，全文为一般现在时，谓语动词take要变为第三人称单数形式takes，因此填takes。
6. 固定搭配like doing sth.表示长期的爱好、习惯性喜欢做某事，动词watch要变为动名词形式watching，因此填watching。
7. 句中be动词是are，说明后面的名词要用复数形式，可数名词cinema的复数变形是cinemas，no cinemas表示没有电影院，因此填cinemas。
8. 固定结构many other后要接可数名词复数，表示“许多其他的……”，名词village的复数变形是villages，因此填villages。
9. 此处作表语修饰事物life，要用以-ing结尾的形容词exciting，意为令人兴奋的，用来描述事物的属性，因此填exciting。
10. 此处引导表语从句，That is why...是固定句式，意为“那就是……的原因”，符合句意“那就是Lofton的居民热爱他们村庄的原因”，因此填why。
【答案】
1. the 2. friendly 3. their 4. in 5. takes 6. watching 7. cinemas 8. villages 9. exciting 10. why
【知识点】
冠词用法，词形转换，固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于初中阶段的基础语篇语法填空，考点覆盖了初中低年级核心的词法、句法基础内容，绝大多数空都可以通过基础语法规则和固定搭配直接推导，既考查学生对基础知识点的记忆熟练度，也结合语篇语境考查学生的上下文逻辑理解能力，适合用来巩固基础语法知识。
【难度系数】
0.8
六、传统文化 阅读理解。
Xuzhou is a city with a long history in China. It is famous as the hometown of Liu Bang, the first emperor of the Han Dynasty. This part of Xuzhou's culture is called "the heritage of the Han Emperor's hometown" and is very important to local people.
There are many special places that tell the story of Liu Bang. One of them is Zhongyangli in Feng County—this is where Liu Bang was born. Another important place is Sishui Pavilion in Pei County. Long ago, Liu Bang worked there as a "Tingzhang"(a small official who helped manage local life). When Liu Bang became an emperor later, he returned to his hometown and sang a famous song called Da Feng Ge(《大风歌》) at Gefeng Platform. Today, Gefeng Platform is still a popular place for people to learn about history.
Liu Bang's success was not alone. He had many brave and smart friends from Feng County and Pei County, like Xiao He and Fan Kuai. Xiao He helped Liu Bang organize his team, and Fan Kuai was a strong warrior who protected him. Their stories are still told in Xuzhou today and have become part of the city's "Han style" culture. People here are proud of this history and often share these stories with visitors to let more people know about the great past of the Han Emperor's hometown.
(
A. It is the hometown of Liu Bang.
B. It has the longest river in China.
C. It is a new modern city.
D. It makes the best food in China.
(
A. Sishui Pavilion in Pei County.
B. Zhongyangli in Feng County.
C. Gefeng Platform in Xuzhou.
D. A small village in Beijing.
(
A. He sang Da Feng Ge there.
B. He worked as a small official.
C. He met his wife there.
D. He built a big palace there.
(
A. Xiao He.
B. Fan Kuai.
C. The Han Emperor.
D. A visitor from another city.
Xuzhou is a city with a long history in China. It is famous as the hometown of Liu Bang, the first emperor of the Han Dynasty. This part of Xuzhou's culture is called "the heritage of the Han Emperor's hometown" and is very important to local people.
There are many special places that tell the story of Liu Bang. One of them is Zhongyangli in Feng County—this is where Liu Bang was born. Another important place is Sishui Pavilion in Pei County. Long ago, Liu Bang worked there as a "Tingzhang"(a small official who helped manage local life). When Liu Bang became an emperor later, he returned to his hometown and sang a famous song called Da Feng Ge(《大风歌》) at Gefeng Platform. Today, Gefeng Platform is still a popular place for people to learn about history.
Liu Bang's success was not alone. He had many brave and smart friends from Feng County and Pei County, like Xiao He and Fan Kuai. Xiao He helped Liu Bang organize his team, and Fan Kuai was a strong warrior who protected him. Their stories are still told in Xuzhou today and have become part of the city's "Han style" culture. People here are proud of this history and often share these stories with visitors to let more people know about the great past of the Han Emperor's hometown.
(
A
)1. What is Xuzhou famous for related to the Han Dynasty?A. It is the hometown of Liu Bang.
B. It has the longest river in China.
C. It is a new modern city.
D. It makes the best food in China.
(
B
)2. Where was Liu Bang born?A. Sishui Pavilion in Pei County.
B. Zhongyangli in Feng County.
C. Gefeng Platform in Xuzhou.
D. A small village in Beijing.
(
B
)3. What did Liu Bang do at Sishui Pavilion long ago?A. He sang Da Feng Ge there.
B. He worked as a small official.
C. He met his wife there.
D. He built a big palace there.
(
B
)4. 创新考法—人物推断 Who was a strong warrior that protected Liu Bang?A. Xiao He.
B. Fan Kuai.
C. The Han Emperor.
D. A visitor from another city.
答案：六、1. A 【点拨】根据“Xuzhou...is famous as the hometown of Liu Bang，the first emperor of the Han Dynasty.”可知，徐州作为刘邦的故乡而出名。故选 A。
2. B 【点拨】根据第二段中“One of them is Zhongyangli in Feng County — this is where Liu Bang was born.”可知，刘邦的出生地是丰县的中阳里。故选 B。
3. B 【点拨】根据“Another important place is Sishui Pavilion in Pei County. Long ago，Liu Bang worked there as a ‘Tingzhang’ (a small official...)”可知，刘邦在沛县的泗水亭担任小官员——亭长。故选 B。
4. B 【点拨】根据“Fan Kuai was a strong warrior who protected him”可知，樊哙是保护刘邦的勇猛战士。故选 B。
2. B 【点拨】根据第二段中“One of them is Zhongyangli in Feng County — this is where Liu Bang was born.”可知，刘邦的出生地是丰县的中阳里。故选 B。
3. B 【点拨】根据“Another important place is Sishui Pavilion in Pei County. Long ago，Liu Bang worked there as a ‘Tingzhang’ (a small official...)”可知，刘邦在沛县的泗水亭担任小官员——亭长。故选 B。
4. B 【点拨】根据“Fan Kuai was a strong warrior who protected him”可知，樊哙是保护刘邦的勇猛战士。故选 B。
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇结合中国汉代传统文化的英语细节类阅读理解题，解题时优先采用题干关键词定位法：先划出每道题干的核心关键词，带着关键词回到原文对应段落查找匹配的原文表述，将原文内容和各个选项逐一比对，排除无中生有、表述错误的干扰项，就能快速选出正确答案。比如第1题划出关键词Xuzhou famous、Han Dynasty，回到第一段定位；第2题划出关键词Liu Bang born，回到第二段定位，以此类推即可顺利解题。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“Xuzhou is a city with a long history in China. It is famous as the hometown of Liu Bang, the first emperor of the Han Dynasty.”可知，徐州和汉朝相关的出名之处是它是汉高祖刘邦的故乡，B选项“拥有中国最长的河流”、C选项“是一座全新的现代化城市”、D选项“产出中国最好的食物”原文均未提及，因此选A。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“One of them is Zhongyangli in Feng County—this is where Liu Bang was born.”可知，刘邦的出生地是丰县中阳里，A是他曾任职的泗水亭、C是他唱《大风歌》的歌风台、D的北京村庄完全不符合原文表述，因此选B。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“Another important place is Sishui Pavilion in Pei County. Long ago, Liu Bang worked there as a "Tingzhang"(a small official who helped manage local life).”可知，很久以前刘邦在泗水亭担任小官，A选项唱《大风歌》是在歌风台发生的事，C、D的内容原文无提及，因此选B。
4. 细节推断题：根据原文第三段“Liu Bang's success was not alone. He had many brave and smart friends from Feng County and Pei County, like Xiao He and Fan Kuai. Xiao He helped Liu Bang organize his team, and Fan Kuai was a strong warrior who protected him.”可知，保护刘邦的勇猛武士是樊哙，A萧何负责帮他组建队伍，C是刘邦本人，D是外地游客均不符合，因此选B。
【答案】
1. A 2. B 3. B 4. B
【知识点】
英语细节定位，汉文化常识，信息提取
【点评】
本题将英语阅读能力考察和中国传统汉代历史文化知识结合，所有题目均为直接可从原文找到对应依据的细节题，没有设置复杂的干扰项，既考察了学生快速定位文本信息的阅读能力，也能让学生了解徐州汉皇故里的相关文化背景，体现了学科融合的命题思路。
【难度系数】
0.9
这是一篇结合中国汉代传统文化的英语细节类阅读理解题，解题时优先采用题干关键词定位法：先划出每道题干的核心关键词，带着关键词回到原文对应段落查找匹配的原文表述，将原文内容和各个选项逐一比对，排除无中生有、表述错误的干扰项，就能快速选出正确答案。比如第1题划出关键词Xuzhou famous、Han Dynasty，回到第一段定位；第2题划出关键词Liu Bang born，回到第二段定位，以此类推即可顺利解题。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“Xuzhou is a city with a long history in China. It is famous as the hometown of Liu Bang, the first emperor of the Han Dynasty.”可知，徐州和汉朝相关的出名之处是它是汉高祖刘邦的故乡，B选项“拥有中国最长的河流”、C选项“是一座全新的现代化城市”、D选项“产出中国最好的食物”原文均未提及，因此选A。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“One of them is Zhongyangli in Feng County—this is where Liu Bang was born.”可知，刘邦的出生地是丰县中阳里，A是他曾任职的泗水亭、C是他唱《大风歌》的歌风台、D的北京村庄完全不符合原文表述，因此选B。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“Another important place is Sishui Pavilion in Pei County. Long ago, Liu Bang worked there as a "Tingzhang"(a small official who helped manage local life).”可知，很久以前刘邦在泗水亭担任小官，A选项唱《大风歌》是在歌风台发生的事，C、D的内容原文无提及，因此选B。
4. 细节推断题：根据原文第三段“Liu Bang's success was not alone. He had many brave and smart friends from Feng County and Pei County, like Xiao He and Fan Kuai. Xiao He helped Liu Bang organize his team, and Fan Kuai was a strong warrior who protected him.”可知，保护刘邦的勇猛武士是樊哙，A萧何负责帮他组建队伍，C是刘邦本人，D是外地游客均不符合，因此选B。
【答案】
1. A 2. B 3. B 4. B
【知识点】
英语细节定位，汉文化常识，信息提取
【点评】
本题将英语阅读能力考察和中国传统汉代历史文化知识结合，所有题目均为直接可从原文找到对应依据的细节题，没有设置复杂的干扰项，既考察了学生快速定位文本信息的阅读能力，也能让学生了解徐州汉皇故里的相关文化背景，体现了学科融合的命题思路。
【难度系数】
0.9