A)阅读下面三篇短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
A
Welcome to the Palace Museum! Here are some rules. Please follow them.
▲Come here from Tuesday to Sunday.
▲You must have your ID card.
▲Don't touch the exhibits(展览品). You can't take your pet to the museum.
▲When taking children here, please don't let them run or make a noise.
(
A. On Sunday.
B. On Saturday.
C. On Monday.
D. On Tuesday.
(
A. go with his little brother
B. take his pet dog
C. make a noise
D. listen to music loudly
(
A. history book
B. guidebook
C. science story
D. Chinese map
A
Welcome to the Palace Museum! Here are some rules. Please follow them.
▲Come here from Tuesday to Sunday.
▲You must have your ID card.
▲Don't touch the exhibits(展览品). You can't take your pet to the museum.
▲When taking children here, please don't let them run or make a noise.
(
C
)1. When can't we go to the Palace Museum?A. On Sunday.
B. On Saturday.
C. On Monday.
D. On Tuesday.
(
A
)2. If David wants to visit the Palace Museum, he can .A. go with his little brother
B. take his pet dog
C. make a noise
D. listen to music loudly
(
B
)3. The passage may be from a .A. history book
B. guidebook
C. science story
D. Chinese map
答案：1. C 【点拨】根据“Come here from Tuesday to Sunday.”可知，周一不开放。故选 C。
2. A 【点拨】根据“When taking children here，please don't let them run or make a noise.”可知，可以带小孩参观。故选 A。
3. B 【点拨】本文主要介绍故宫博物院的一些规则，所以可能在一本旅行指南上看到这篇文章。故选 B。
2. A 【点拨】根据“When taking children here，please don't let them run or make a noise.”可知，可以带小孩参观。故选 A。
3. B 【点拨】本文主要介绍故宫博物院的一些规则，所以可能在一本旅行指南上看到这篇文章。故选 B。
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇景点参观规则类的应用文阅读，解题时可以先明确每道题的题干要求，带着问题回到原文定位对应的规则描述，逐一比对选项排除错误项即可得出答案。第一题询问不能参观的时间，直接找原文的开放时间说明；第二题判断允许的行为，对照原文列出的禁止事项逐一排除不符合要求的选项；第三题判断文章出处，结合文本的内容属性匹配对应的载体即可。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文给出的规则“Come here from Tuesday to Sunday.”，可知故宫开放时间为周二到周日，周一不对外开放，因此我们周一不能去参观，对应选项C。
2. 细节理解题：逐一核对选项：B选项“带宠物狗”和原文“You can't take your pet to the museum.”的规则冲突；C选项“制造噪音”、D选项“大声听音乐”都和原文“please don't let them run or make a noise”的要求冲突；只有A选项“和他的小弟弟一起去”符合规则，规则仅要求带孩子时不能让孩子乱跑吵闹，并未禁止携带儿童参观，因此选A。
3. 推理判断题：本文是故宫博物院的参观须知规则，这类内容一般会出现在旅行指南中：A历史书不会专门刊登景点参观规则，C科学故事和内容完全无关，D中国地图也不会有这类文字说明，因此选B。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. B
【知识点】
应用文阅读，细节定位，文本出处判断
【点评】
本题属于非常基础的低年级英语阅读题，所有题目的线索都可以直接在原文中找到，几乎不需要复杂的推理，主要考察学生快速抓取文本关键信息的能力，只要学生足够细心，对照原文逐一比对选项就不会出错。
【难度系数】
0.9
这是一篇景点参观规则类的应用文阅读，解题时可以先明确每道题的题干要求，带着问题回到原文定位对应的规则描述，逐一比对选项排除错误项即可得出答案。第一题询问不能参观的时间，直接找原文的开放时间说明；第二题判断允许的行为，对照原文列出的禁止事项逐一排除不符合要求的选项；第三题判断文章出处，结合文本的内容属性匹配对应的载体即可。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文给出的规则“Come here from Tuesday to Sunday.”，可知故宫开放时间为周二到周日，周一不对外开放，因此我们周一不能去参观，对应选项C。
2. 细节理解题：逐一核对选项：B选项“带宠物狗”和原文“You can't take your pet to the museum.”的规则冲突；C选项“制造噪音”、D选项“大声听音乐”都和原文“please don't let them run or make a noise”的要求冲突；只有A选项“和他的小弟弟一起去”符合规则，规则仅要求带孩子时不能让孩子乱跑吵闹，并未禁止携带儿童参观，因此选A。
3. 推理判断题：本文是故宫博物院的参观须知规则，这类内容一般会出现在旅行指南中：A历史书不会专门刊登景点参观规则，C科学故事和内容完全无关，D中国地图也不会有这类文字说明，因此选B。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. B
【知识点】
应用文阅读，细节定位，文本出处判断
【点评】
本题属于非常基础的低年级英语阅读题，所有题目的线索都可以直接在原文中找到，几乎不需要复杂的推理，主要考察学生快速抓取文本关键信息的能力，只要学生足够细心，对照原文逐一比对选项就不会出错。
【难度系数】
0.9
B(2025·江苏南京玄武区期末)
Forests can be divided into different types according to their climate and location. The most common types are tropical, boreal and temperate.
Tropical rainforests are located near the equator(赤道). They are hot and wet. Although they cover only a tenth of the earth's surface, they are home to about half of all species. The biggest is the Amazon Rainforest in South America. It is often called the "lungs(肺) of the earth" because the plants there produce a lot of oxygen. You'll find monkeys, frogs, jaguars and many other animals there.
Boreal forests are found in the north. These forests are cold. Many animals live there and have adapted to the cold climate by growing thick fur. The Dancing Forest is a strange and beautiful boreal forest in Russia. Its name comes from the twisted trunks of its trees. The pine trees there have leaves shaped like needles(针).
Temperate forests are found all over the world. They are hot or cool at different times of the year. There are some temperate forests in the Jiuzhaigou Valley in Sichuan, for example. Many types of trees grow there, like maples and birches. Their leaves change colour with the seasons and fall off the trees when the weather gets cool. As the weather warms up, the trees grow new leaves.
(
A. it is the most beautiful forest on earth
B. the plants there provide a lot of oxygen
C. many animals live there and breathe its air
D. it is home to half of the world's animal species
(
A. A boreal forest.
B. A temperate forest.
C. Any type of forests.
D. A tropical rainforest.
(
A. Temperate forests$＞$ Tropical rainforests$＞$ Boreal forests
B. Temperate forests$＞$ Boreal forests$＞$ Tropical rainforests
C. Tropical rainforests$＞$ Boreal forests$＞$ Temperate forests
D. Tropical rainforests$＞$ Temperate forests$＞$ Boreal forests
Forests can be divided into different types according to their climate and location. The most common types are tropical, boreal and temperate.
Tropical rainforests are located near the equator(赤道). They are hot and wet. Although they cover only a tenth of the earth's surface, they are home to about half of all species. The biggest is the Amazon Rainforest in South America. It is often called the "lungs(肺) of the earth" because the plants there produce a lot of oxygen. You'll find monkeys, frogs, jaguars and many other animals there.
Boreal forests are found in the north. These forests are cold. Many animals live there and have adapted to the cold climate by growing thick fur. The Dancing Forest is a strange and beautiful boreal forest in Russia. Its name comes from the twisted trunks of its trees. The pine trees there have leaves shaped like needles(针).
Temperate forests are found all over the world. They are hot or cool at different times of the year. There are some temperate forests in the Jiuzhaigou Valley in Sichuan, for example. Many types of trees grow there, like maples and birches. Their leaves change colour with the seasons and fall off the trees when the weather gets cool. As the weather warms up, the trees grow new leaves.
(
B
)4. The Amazon Rainforest is called the "lungs of the earth" because .A. it is the most beautiful forest on earth
B. the plants there provide a lot of oxygen
C. many animals live there and breathe its air
D. it is home to half of the world's animal species
(
A
)5. Amy is interested in trees with needle-shaped leaves. Which forest would she probably take a trip to?A. A boreal forest.
B. A temperate forest.
C. Any type of forests.
D. A tropical rainforest.
(
D
)6. What is the order of the average(平均的) temperatures of the three types of forests, from the highest to the lowest?A. Temperate forests$＞$ Tropical rainforests$＞$ Boreal forests
B. Temperate forests$＞$ Boreal forests$＞$ Tropical rainforests
C. Tropical rainforests$＞$ Boreal forests$＞$ Temperate forests
D. Tropical rainforests$＞$ Temperate forests$＞$ Boreal forests
答案：4. B 【点拨】根据“The biggest is the Amazon Rainforest in South America. It is often called the 'lungs(肺) of the earth' because the plants there produce a lot of oxygen.”可知，因为那里的植物提供大量氧气。故选 B。
5. A 【点拨】根据“Boreal forests... The pine trees there have leaves shaped like needles(针).”可知，寒带森林的松树有针状叶子，所以埃米可能会去寒带森林旅行。故选 A。
6. D 【点拨】根据“Tropical rainforests are located near the equator(赤道). They are hot and wet.”、“Boreal forests are found in the north. These forests are cold.”及“Temperate forests... They are hot or cool at different times of the year.”可知，平均温度从高到低的顺序是热带雨林＞温带森林＞寒带森林。故选 D。
5. A 【点拨】根据“Boreal forests... The pine trees there have leaves shaped like needles(针).”可知，寒带森林的松树有针状叶子，所以埃米可能会去寒带森林旅行。故选 A。
6. D 【点拨】根据“Tropical rainforests are located near the equator(赤道). They are hot and wet.”、“Boreal forests are found in the north. These forests are cold.”及“Temperate forests... They are hot or cool at different times of the year.”可知，平均温度从高到低的顺序是热带雨林＞温带森林＞寒带森林。故选 D。
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇介绍三类森林的说明文阅读理解题，全部为细节理解类题型，解题思路清晰明确：首先针对每道题干提取核心关键词，带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位，找到和题干问题相关的原文表述，直接匹配选项即可得到正确答案，不需要额外复杂推理。第4题提取关键词"Amazon Rainforest"、"lungs of the earth"，回到第二段定位原因描述；第5题提取关键词"needle-shaped leaves"，回到第三段定位对应森林类型；第6题提取关键词"average temperatures"，分别梳理三类森林的温度特征，排序后匹配选项即可。
【解析】
4. 回到原文第二段找到对应表述："It is often called the 'lungs of the earth' because the plants there produce a lot of oxygen"，可知亚马逊雨林被称为地球之肺的原因是当地植物产生大量氧气，对应选项B，其余选项A文中未提及、C不是命名原因、D表述和原文"half of all species"不符，均排除。
5. 回到原文第三段关于北方寒带森林的表述："The pine trees there have leaves shaped like needles"，可知长有针状叶的松树属于寒带森林，因此对针状叶树木感兴趣的Amy会选择去寒带森林旅行，对应选项A，其余选项均不符合原文描述，排除。
6. 分别梳理三类森林的温度特征：热带雨林位于赤道附近，特征是炎热潮湿，温度最高；温带森林一年中不同时段有热有凉，平均温度次之；北方寒带森林地处北部，气候寒冷，温度最低。因此温度从高到低排序为：热带雨林＞温带森林＞寒带森林，对应选项D。
【答案】
4. B 5. A 6. D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位；说明文信息提取；森林类型常识
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的说明类阅读题，所有题目的答案都能在原文中直接找到对应依据，主要考察学生快速抓取题干关键词、精准定位原文信息的能力，只要认真对照原文内容，很容易选出正确答案，适合巩固阅读基础信息查找的做题方法。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍三类森林的说明文阅读理解题，全部为细节理解类题型，解题思路清晰明确：首先针对每道题干提取核心关键词，带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位，找到和题干问题相关的原文表述，直接匹配选项即可得到正确答案，不需要额外复杂推理。第4题提取关键词"Amazon Rainforest"、"lungs of the earth"，回到第二段定位原因描述；第5题提取关键词"needle-shaped leaves"，回到第三段定位对应森林类型；第6题提取关键词"average temperatures"，分别梳理三类森林的温度特征，排序后匹配选项即可。
【解析】
4. 回到原文第二段找到对应表述："It is often called the 'lungs of the earth' because the plants there produce a lot of oxygen"，可知亚马逊雨林被称为地球之肺的原因是当地植物产生大量氧气，对应选项B，其余选项A文中未提及、C不是命名原因、D表述和原文"half of all species"不符，均排除。
5. 回到原文第三段关于北方寒带森林的表述："The pine trees there have leaves shaped like needles"，可知长有针状叶的松树属于寒带森林，因此对针状叶树木感兴趣的Amy会选择去寒带森林旅行，对应选项A，其余选项均不符合原文描述，排除。
6. 分别梳理三类森林的温度特征：热带雨林位于赤道附近，特征是炎热潮湿，温度最高；温带森林一年中不同时段有热有凉，平均温度次之；北方寒带森林地处北部，气候寒冷，温度最低。因此温度从高到低排序为：热带雨林＞温带森林＞寒带森林，对应选项D。
【答案】
4. B 5. A 6. D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位；说明文信息提取；森林类型常识
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的说明类阅读题，所有题目的答案都能在原文中直接找到对应依据，主要考察学生快速抓取题干关键词、精准定位原文信息的能力，只要认真对照原文内容，很容易选出正确答案，适合巩固阅读基础信息查找的做题方法。
【难度系数】
0.8