七、信息还原。
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,使短文通顺连贯,其中有两项为多余选项。
Smile Train is a charity that helps millions of children around the world, who suffer from a facial defect(缺陷). The defect happens when a baby's top lip or mouth doesn't form properly before birth. ______ The charity provides free operations, which give these children a new smile, bringing them new hope and a new beginning.
Children with the defect need all the help. Although many sufferers are accepted by their families, sadly, others are not. In some countries, children with this defect are often gave up at birth because their parents feel ashamed of them or cannot afford the operations. It takes less than an hour and costs the family nothing. The charity raises money and finds the right medical volunteers to perform the operations.
A Smile Train doctor from the UK said, "Each child who has the operation is given a second chance in life. After years of staying at home, Every year I perform hundreds of operations for free through Smile Train. One newborn baby girl was found abandoned on a train. Luckily, she was found and adopted by a passenger. This lady then heard about Smile Train and brought the baby to our hospital. I did the operation and gave hope to the family. In this way we make sure that these operations will always be available. "
A. the children can finally go to school and be happy.
B. Some of the stories I have heard are quite surprising.
C. The good news is that the operation is not difficult.
D. Experienced doctors like me share our skills with local doctors.
E. Eating and drinking are very difficult for these babies.
F. Doctors in Smile Train are always well paid for doing the operations.
G. Many people around us are waiting for volunteers to offer small help.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,使短文通顺连贯,其中有两项为多余选项。
Smile Train is a charity that helps millions of children around the world, who suffer from a facial defect(缺陷). The defect happens when a baby's top lip or mouth doesn't form properly before birth. ______ The charity provides free operations, which give these children a new smile, bringing them new hope and a new beginning.
Children with the defect need all the help. Although many sufferers are accepted by their families, sadly, others are not. In some countries, children with this defect are often gave up at birth because their parents feel ashamed of them or cannot afford the operations. It takes less than an hour and costs the family nothing. The charity raises money and finds the right medical volunteers to perform the operations.
A Smile Train doctor from the UK said, "Each child who has the operation is given a second chance in life. After years of staying at home, Every year I perform hundreds of operations for free through Smile Train. One newborn baby girl was found abandoned on a train. Luckily, she was found and adopted by a passenger. This lady then heard about Smile Train and brought the baby to our hospital. I did the operation and gave hope to the family. In this way we make sure that these operations will always be available. "
A. the children can finally go to school and be happy.
B. Some of the stories I have heard are quite surprising.
C. The good news is that the operation is not difficult.
D. Experienced doctors like me share our skills with local doctors.
E. Eating and drinking are very difficult for these babies.
F. Doctors in Smile Train are always well paid for doing the operations.
G. Many people around us are waiting for volunteers to offer small help.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案：七、1. E 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D
解析：
【分析】
信息还原类题目的核心解题思路是梳理语篇逻辑，通过空处前后的内容线索匹配对应选项，做到承上启下语义连贯。首先通读全文，明确本文介绍的是名为“微笑列车”的慈善机构为先天面部缺陷儿童提供免费修复手术的相关内容。之后逐个分析空处的前后逻辑：第一空前文刚介绍完这种先天面部缺陷的成因，接下来自然要说明缺陷给孩子带来的实际影响；第二空前文提到部分家长付不起手术费抛弃患病孩子，后文又说手术耗时短、完全免费，空处需要起到承上启下的过渡作用；第三空前文提到患病孩子常年只能待在家中，空处要对应手术后孩子恢复正常生活的结果；第四空后文引出了一个特殊的弃婴故事，空处需要起到引出事例的作用；第五空后文提到“这种方式能保证手术长期可开展”，空处要给出“这种方式”的具体内容，顺着这个逻辑就能逐一匹配到正确选项。
【解析】
1. 第一空：前文介绍该面部缺陷是胎儿出生前唇部、口腔发育异常导致，E选项“进食和饮水对这些婴儿来说都十分困难”承接上文，点明缺陷带来的实际生活障碍，自然引出后文慈善机构提供免费手术的内容，逻辑连贯。
2. 第二空：前文提到部分家长因负担不起手术费用、羞愧等原因抛弃患病孩子，后文说明该手术耗时不到一小时、家庭无需支付任何费用，C选项“好消息是这个手术的难度并不高”承上启下，衔接前后内容。
3. 第三空：前文提到患病孩子常年只能留在家中，A选项“这些孩子终于可以去上学、过上开心的生活”是手术成功后孩子回归正常生活的合理结果，符合语境。
4. 第四空：后文作者讲述了一个被遗弃在火车上的女婴的特殊经历，B选项“我听过的一些故事相当令人惊讶”作为总起句引出下文的具体事例，逻辑完全匹配。
5. 第五空：后文提到“通过这种方式我们能确保这类手术可以长期开展”，D选项“像我这样有经验的医生会和当地医生分享我们的技术”正是后文“这种方式”的具体指代，符合逻辑。
【答案】
1. E 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D
【知识点】
英语信息还原，语篇逻辑衔接，上下文语境理解
【点评】
本题是初中英语典型的信息还原题型，整体逻辑线索清晰，没有设置过于隐蔽的干扰项，学生只要抓住空前后的语义关联，区分掉两个和原文免费公益属性相悖、和上下文无关的多余选项F、G，就可以顺利选出正确答案，能很好地考察学生的语篇整体理解能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
信息还原类题目的核心解题思路是梳理语篇逻辑，通过空处前后的内容线索匹配对应选项，做到承上启下语义连贯。首先通读全文，明确本文介绍的是名为“微笑列车”的慈善机构为先天面部缺陷儿童提供免费修复手术的相关内容。之后逐个分析空处的前后逻辑：第一空前文刚介绍完这种先天面部缺陷的成因，接下来自然要说明缺陷给孩子带来的实际影响；第二空前文提到部分家长付不起手术费抛弃患病孩子，后文又说手术耗时短、完全免费，空处需要起到承上启下的过渡作用；第三空前文提到患病孩子常年只能待在家中，空处要对应手术后孩子恢复正常生活的结果；第四空后文引出了一个特殊的弃婴故事，空处需要起到引出事例的作用；第五空后文提到“这种方式能保证手术长期可开展”，空处要给出“这种方式”的具体内容，顺着这个逻辑就能逐一匹配到正确选项。
【解析】
1. 第一空：前文介绍该面部缺陷是胎儿出生前唇部、口腔发育异常导致，E选项“进食和饮水对这些婴儿来说都十分困难”承接上文，点明缺陷带来的实际生活障碍，自然引出后文慈善机构提供免费手术的内容，逻辑连贯。
2. 第二空：前文提到部分家长因负担不起手术费用、羞愧等原因抛弃患病孩子，后文说明该手术耗时不到一小时、家庭无需支付任何费用，C选项“好消息是这个手术的难度并不高”承上启下，衔接前后内容。
3. 第三空：前文提到患病孩子常年只能留在家中，A选项“这些孩子终于可以去上学、过上开心的生活”是手术成功后孩子回归正常生活的合理结果，符合语境。
4. 第四空：后文作者讲述了一个被遗弃在火车上的女婴的特殊经历，B选项“我听过的一些故事相当令人惊讶”作为总起句引出下文的具体事例，逻辑完全匹配。
5. 第五空：后文提到“通过这种方式我们能确保这类手术可以长期开展”，D选项“像我这样有经验的医生会和当地医生分享我们的技术”正是后文“这种方式”的具体指代，符合逻辑。
【答案】
1. E 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D
【知识点】
英语信息还原，语篇逻辑衔接，上下文语境理解
【点评】
本题是初中英语典型的信息还原题型，整体逻辑线索清晰，没有设置过于隐蔽的干扰项，学生只要抓住空前后的语义关联，区分掉两个和原文免费公益属性相悖、和上下文无关的多余选项F、G，就可以顺利选出正确答案，能很好地考察学生的语篇整体理解能力。
【难度系数】
0.6