A)阅读下面三篇短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
A
Ignite your child's passion for discovery
Who invented bubblegum?
What's the world's worst smell?
When did the dinosaurs die out?
Where are all the aliens?
Why can't you tickle yourself?
How do cats purr?
The Week Junior Science + Nature* is the mind-blowing magazine with the answers to all these questions—and more! Jam-packed with amazing facts, brilliant explanations and incredible photos, *The Week Junior Science + Nature* gets 11- to 19-year-olds discovering and doing.
Fascinating feature stories fill readers' minds with big ideas, and introduce them to inspiring role models. Fun activities and hands-on experiments allow readers to ask questions and find answers for themselves.
Designed to bring STEM(science, technology, engineering and maths) subjects to life, each issue delivers the universe to their door every month.
YOUR SUBSCRIPTION BENEFITS
• Three issues for just £5—save 20% on the shop price.
• Delivered to their door every 4 weeks.
• Continue to save on every issue after the trial (试用) ends.
Call 400-800-812, visit *sciencature.theweekjunior.co.uk/discover* or scan the right QR code to subscribe(订阅).
( )1. Why does the author raise many questions in the very beginning?
A. To show the author is knowledgeable.
B. To prove that the magazine has rich content.
C. To show the author's strong interest in nature.
D. To prove the children's passion for discovery.
(
A. Pensioners(领养老金者).
B. Teenagers.
C. Kindergartenners.
D. Toddlers(学步的幼儿).
(
A. £5.
B. £6.
C. £6. 25.
D. £10.
A
Ignite your child's passion for discovery
Who invented bubblegum?
What's the world's worst smell?
When did the dinosaurs die out?
Where are all the aliens?
Why can't you tickle yourself?
How do cats purr?
The Week Junior Science + Nature* is the mind-blowing magazine with the answers to all these questions—and more! Jam-packed with amazing facts, brilliant explanations and incredible photos, *The Week Junior Science + Nature* gets 11- to 19-year-olds discovering and doing.
Fascinating feature stories fill readers' minds with big ideas, and introduce them to inspiring role models. Fun activities and hands-on experiments allow readers to ask questions and find answers for themselves.
Designed to bring STEM(science, technology, engineering and maths) subjects to life, each issue delivers the universe to their door every month.
YOUR SUBSCRIPTION BENEFITS
• Three issues for just £5—save 20% on the shop price.
• Delivered to their door every 4 weeks.
• Continue to save on every issue after the trial (试用) ends.
Call 400-800-812, visit *sciencature.theweekjunior.co.uk/discover* or scan the right QR code to subscribe(订阅).
( )1. Why does the author raise many questions in the very beginning?
A. To show the author is knowledgeable.
B. To prove that the magazine has rich content.
C. To show the author's strong interest in nature.
D. To prove the children's passion for discovery.
(
B
)2. Who are expected to read the magazine?A. Pensioners(领养老金者).
B. Teenagers.
C. Kindergartenners.
D. Toddlers(学步的幼儿).
(
C
)3. 新考法—跨学科知识 If you buy 3 issues in shops, how much do you have to pay?A. £5.
B. £6.
C. £6. 25.
D. £10.
答案：1. B 【点拨】文章开头提出一系列问题，旨在表明这本杂志能解答各种有趣的问题，从而突出其内容丰富多样。故选 B。
2. B 【点拨】根据“gets 11- to 19-year-olds discovering and doing”可知，该杂志面向 11 至 19 岁的青少年读者。故选 B。
3. C 【点拨】根据“Three issues for just £5—save 20% on the shop price.”可知，订阅 3 期只需 5 英镑，比在商店购买节省 20%，所以在商店购买 3 期杂志需$5÷(1 - 0.2)=6.25$英镑。故选 C。
2. B 【点拨】根据“gets 11- to 19-year-olds discovering and doing”可知，该杂志面向 11 至 19 岁的青少年读者。故选 B。
3. C 【点拨】根据“Three issues for just £5—save 20% on the shop price.”可知，订阅 3 期只需 5 英镑，比在商店购买节省 20%，所以在商店购买 3 期杂志需$5÷(1 - 0.2)=6.25$英镑。故选 C。
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇杂志推广类的应用文阅读，解题时可以按照先抓取题干关键词、再回原文定位匹配信息的思路推进：
1. 第一题询问开头抛出多个问题的写作目的，首先明确广告类文本的所有内容都是为了宣传推广核心产品也就是这本杂志，找到问题后紧跟的原文说明“这本杂志可以解答所有这些问题”，就能对应出作者的意图是突出杂志内容丰富，直接排除和广告宣传目的无关的选项即可。
2. 第二题询问杂志的目标读者，直接在原文中定位标注受众年龄的信息，11-19岁对应的群体就是青少年，直接匹配选项就能得出答案。
3. 第三题是跨学科计算题，先定位到订阅福利里的价格说明：3期订阅价5镑，比门店价优惠20%，也就是5镑是门店总价的80%，用除法运算就能算出门店原价，选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节推理题：文章开头罗列了一系列充满好奇心的脑洞问题，紧接着就说明《The Week Junior Science + Nature》这本杂志可以解答所有这些问题，目的是凸显这本杂志内容覆盖广、知识储备丰富，起到宣传推广的作用。A选项“展示作者学识渊博”、C选项“展示作者对自然的兴趣”都不符合广告的写作目的，D选项“证明孩子的探索热情”和开头设问的作用无关，因此选B。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文“gets 11- to 19-year-olds discovering and doing”可知，这本杂志面向11到19岁的群体，该年龄段属于青少年，A选项领养老金的是老年群体，C选项幼儿园儿童、D选项学步幼儿都不符合年龄范围，因此选B。
3. 数字计算题：根据订阅福利部分的“Three issues for just £5—save 20% on the shop price”可知，订阅3期的5英镑比门店购买的价格优惠20%，也就是5英镑是门店总价的80%，计算得门店总价为5÷(1-20%)=6.25英镑，因此选C。
【答案】
1. B 2. B 3. C
【知识点】
应用文细节定位，逻辑推理判断，跨学科数字计算
【点评】
本题属于典型的广告类应用文阅读，整体难度适中，前两道题直接通过原文定位即可得出答案，重点考察学生快速抓取文本关键信息的能力；第三题贴合新考法设置了跨学科计算考点，需要学生准确理解“优惠20%”的含义，结合数学运算推导结果，避免直接把订阅价当成门店原价的常见误区。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇杂志推广类的应用文阅读，解题时可以按照先抓取题干关键词、再回原文定位匹配信息的思路推进：
1. 第一题询问开头抛出多个问题的写作目的，首先明确广告类文本的所有内容都是为了宣传推广核心产品也就是这本杂志，找到问题后紧跟的原文说明“这本杂志可以解答所有这些问题”，就能对应出作者的意图是突出杂志内容丰富，直接排除和广告宣传目的无关的选项即可。
2. 第二题询问杂志的目标读者，直接在原文中定位标注受众年龄的信息，11-19岁对应的群体就是青少年，直接匹配选项就能得出答案。
3. 第三题是跨学科计算题，先定位到订阅福利里的价格说明：3期订阅价5镑，比门店价优惠20%，也就是5镑是门店总价的80%，用除法运算就能算出门店原价，选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节推理题：文章开头罗列了一系列充满好奇心的脑洞问题，紧接着就说明《The Week Junior Science + Nature》这本杂志可以解答所有这些问题，目的是凸显这本杂志内容覆盖广、知识储备丰富，起到宣传推广的作用。A选项“展示作者学识渊博”、C选项“展示作者对自然的兴趣”都不符合广告的写作目的，D选项“证明孩子的探索热情”和开头设问的作用无关，因此选B。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文“gets 11- to 19-year-olds discovering and doing”可知，这本杂志面向11到19岁的群体，该年龄段属于青少年，A选项领养老金的是老年群体，C选项幼儿园儿童、D选项学步幼儿都不符合年龄范围，因此选B。
3. 数字计算题：根据订阅福利部分的“Three issues for just £5—save 20% on the shop price”可知，订阅3期的5英镑比门店购买的价格优惠20%，也就是5英镑是门店总价的80%，计算得门店总价为5÷(1-20%)=6.25英镑，因此选C。
【答案】
1. B 2. B 3. C
【知识点】
应用文细节定位，逻辑推理判断，跨学科数字计算
【点评】
本题属于典型的广告类应用文阅读，整体难度适中，前两道题直接通过原文定位即可得出答案，重点考察学生快速抓取文本关键信息的能力；第三题贴合新考法设置了跨学科计算考点，需要学生准确理解“优惠20%”的含义，结合数学运算推导结果，避免直接把订阅价当成门店原价的常见误区。
【难度系数】
0.7
B
You may know the saying: An apple a day keeps the doctor away. A recent study by the Chinese University of Hong Kong has discovered another saying: An apple a day keeps old age away.
The study involved fruit flies, as they share many genes (基因) with humans. Researchers gave food to two groups of fruit flies. Both groups got the same fruit, with one exception: The second group also got apples, while the first did not.
The results showed that flies that ate apples lived an average of 55 days longer than the flies that didn't eat apples. The study also found that apple-eating flies were more able to walk, climb and move about as they became old, *Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry* reports.
The researchers believe that the antioxidants found in apples are good for health. In another experiment, researchers studied the diets of thousands of women. They found that those women who often ate apples were 20 percent less likely to have a heart attack.
Scientists have recently discovered the apple's genetic code (遗传密码). This allows scientists to make new kinds of fruits that are healthier. Researchers are already using this information to grow apples with added antioxidants. Antioxidants help to keep eyes and joints (关节) healthy and protect against heart attacks and cancer.
Apples that help people lose weight may be in supermarkets in just four or five years. They are said to be "extra healthy" apples that can stop people from overeating.
(
A. they love to eat apples
B. they share similar genes with humans
C. they are easy to catch
D. they can live longer
(
A. things that help keep you healthy
B. a kind of apple
C. something bad for your health
D. a new kind of food
(
A. proved apples are good for people's health
B. found they are healthier than men
C. helped them lose weight successfully
D. discovered the genetic code of the apple
(
A. women like to eat apples more often than men
B. people who eat apples will not suffer from heart disease
C. scientists are studying a new type of apple
D. apples' genetic code is similar to other fruits
You may know the saying: An apple a day keeps the doctor away. A recent study by the Chinese University of Hong Kong has discovered another saying: An apple a day keeps old age away.
The study involved fruit flies, as they share many genes (基因) with humans. Researchers gave food to two groups of fruit flies. Both groups got the same fruit, with one exception: The second group also got apples, while the first did not.
The results showed that flies that ate apples lived an average of 55 days longer than the flies that didn't eat apples. The study also found that apple-eating flies were more able to walk, climb and move about as they became old, *Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry* reports.
The researchers believe that the antioxidants found in apples are good for health. In another experiment, researchers studied the diets of thousands of women. They found that those women who often ate apples were 20 percent less likely to have a heart attack.
Scientists have recently discovered the apple's genetic code (遗传密码). This allows scientists to make new kinds of fruits that are healthier. Researchers are already using this information to grow apples with added antioxidants. Antioxidants help to keep eyes and joints (关节) healthy and protect against heart attacks and cancer.
Apples that help people lose weight may be in supermarkets in just four or five years. They are said to be "extra healthy" apples that can stop people from overeating.
(
B
)4. Fruit flies were used in the research because .A. they love to eat apples
B. they share similar genes with humans
C. they are easy to catch
D. they can live longer
(
A
)5. The underlined word "antioxidants" in Paragraph 4 probably means "".A. things that help keep you healthy
B. a kind of apple
C. something bad for your health
D. a new kind of food
(
A
)6. By studying the diets of thousands of women, the researchers .A. proved apples are good for people's health
B. found they are healthier than men
C. helped them lose weight successfully
D. discovered the genetic code of the apple
(
C
)7. From the passage, we can infer(推断) that .A. women like to eat apples more often than men
B. people who eat apples will not suffer from heart disease
C. scientists are studying a new type of apple
D. apples' genetic code is similar to other fruits
答案：4. B 【点拨】根据“The study involved fruit flies, as they share many genes(基因) with humans.”可知，果蝇被用于研究的原因是它们与人类基因相似。故选 B。
5. A 【点拨】根据“Antioxidants help to keep eyes and joints(关节) healthy and protect against heart attacks and cancer.”可知，antioxidants 是帮助保持健康的物质。故选 A。
6. A 【点拨】根据“They found that those women who often ate apples were 20 percent less likely to have a heart attack.”可知，通过对数千名女性的饮食进行研究，研究人员验证了苹果对健康的益处。故选 A。
7. C 【点拨】根据“Researchers are already using this information to grow apples with added antioxidants.”可推知，科学家正在研究新品种苹果。故选 C。
5. A 【点拨】根据“Antioxidants help to keep eyes and joints(关节) healthy and protect against heart attacks and cancer.”可知，antioxidants 是帮助保持健康的物质。故选 A。
6. A 【点拨】根据“They found that those women who often ate apples were 20 percent less likely to have a heart attack.”可知，通过对数千名女性的饮食进行研究，研究人员验证了苹果对健康的益处。故选 A。
7. C 【点拨】根据“Researchers are already using this information to grow apples with added antioxidants.”可推知，科学家正在研究新品种苹果。故选 C。
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇科普类说明文阅读理解，解题时可以按照不同题型的对应思路逐一突破：1. 细节题先根据题干关键词定位到原文对应段落，直接匹配原文表述选出正确答案；2. 词义猜测题结合上下文对该词的功能描述，排除明显错误选项推导词义；3. 推理判断题要严格依托原文内容，排除无中生有、表述绝对的干扰项，选出符合逻辑的合理推断。
【解析】
4. 细节定位题：根据题干关键词Fruit flies were used定位到原文第二段第一句“The study involved fruit flies, as they share many genes (基因) with humans.”，句中as表原因，说明选用果蝇做实验是因为它们和人类有很多相似的基因，其余选项A“它们爱吃苹果”、C“它们容易捕捉”、D“它们寿命更长”原文均未提及，因此选B。
5. 词义猜测题：首先定位划线词所在的第四段，前文提到苹果中的antioxidants对健康有益，后文第五段进一步说明Antioxidants可以帮助保持眼睛和关节健康、抵御心脏病和癌症，由此可知它是一种对健康有好处的物质，排除B“一种苹果”、C“对健康有害的东西”、D“一种新食物”，因此选A。
6. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词studied the diets of thousands of women定位到原文第四段，该实验发现常吃苹果的女性患心脏病的概率低20%，该结果进一步验证了苹果对人体健康的益处，其余选项B“她们比男性更健康”原文无对比表述、C“成功帮助她们减肥”未提及、D“发现苹果的遗传密码”是后续的研究成果，和该实验无关，因此选A。
7. 推理判断题：逐一排除干扰项：A选项“女性比男性更爱吃苹果”原文无相关表述；B选项“吃苹果的人不会得心脏病”表述过于绝对，原文仅说明患病概率降低20%；D选项“苹果的遗传密码和其他水果相似”原文完全没有提及；根据原文“Researchers are already using this information to grow apples with added antioxidants.”可以合理推断科学家正在研究新型的苹果品种，因此选C。
【答案】
4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C
【知识点】
细节信息查找，词义猜测，逻辑推理判断
【点评】
本题属于中等难度的科普类阅读题，考点覆盖了阅读理解常见的三类题型，学生解题时要注意所有选项的判断都必须依托原文给出的信息，避免主观臆断，尤其要警惕选项中出现的绝对化表述，这类表述大多是设置的干扰项。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇科普类说明文阅读理解，解题时可以按照不同题型的对应思路逐一突破：1. 细节题先根据题干关键词定位到原文对应段落，直接匹配原文表述选出正确答案；2. 词义猜测题结合上下文对该词的功能描述，排除明显错误选项推导词义；3. 推理判断题要严格依托原文内容，排除无中生有、表述绝对的干扰项，选出符合逻辑的合理推断。
【解析】
4. 细节定位题：根据题干关键词Fruit flies were used定位到原文第二段第一句“The study involved fruit flies, as they share many genes (基因) with humans.”，句中as表原因，说明选用果蝇做实验是因为它们和人类有很多相似的基因，其余选项A“它们爱吃苹果”、C“它们容易捕捉”、D“它们寿命更长”原文均未提及，因此选B。
5. 词义猜测题：首先定位划线词所在的第四段，前文提到苹果中的antioxidants对健康有益，后文第五段进一步说明Antioxidants可以帮助保持眼睛和关节健康、抵御心脏病和癌症，由此可知它是一种对健康有好处的物质，排除B“一种苹果”、C“对健康有害的东西”、D“一种新食物”，因此选A。
6. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词studied the diets of thousands of women定位到原文第四段，该实验发现常吃苹果的女性患心脏病的概率低20%，该结果进一步验证了苹果对人体健康的益处，其余选项B“她们比男性更健康”原文无对比表述、C“成功帮助她们减肥”未提及、D“发现苹果的遗传密码”是后续的研究成果，和该实验无关，因此选A。
7. 推理判断题：逐一排除干扰项：A选项“女性比男性更爱吃苹果”原文无相关表述；B选项“吃苹果的人不会得心脏病”表述过于绝对，原文仅说明患病概率降低20%；D选项“苹果的遗传密码和其他水果相似”原文完全没有提及；根据原文“Researchers are already using this information to grow apples with added antioxidants.”可以合理推断科学家正在研究新型的苹果品种，因此选C。
【答案】
4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C
【知识点】
细节信息查找，词义猜测，逻辑推理判断
【点评】
本题属于中等难度的科普类阅读题，考点覆盖了阅读理解常见的三类题型，学生解题时要注意所有选项的判断都必须依托原文给出的信息，避免主观臆断，尤其要警惕选项中出现的绝对化表述，这类表述大多是设置的干扰项。
【难度系数】
0.7