零五网 全部参考答案 通城学典课时作业本答案 2026年通城学典课时作业本八年级英语下册译林版南通专版 第129页解析答案
三、短文填空。
Food waste is a big problem around the world. While some people 1. t
hrow
away unwanted food,lots of people in other parts of the world face food shortages.
In order to reduce food waste,many 2. c
ountries
in the world like Germany and France have food banks. People and grocery stores can give extra food to them and they can give the food to 3. t
hose
in need. Shanghai Oasis opened China’s first food bank in 2015. In five years,it saved seven million tons of food and 4. h
elped
760,000 people.
Many fruits and 5. v
egetables
go to waste because they look ugly. For example,about 25 to 30 percent of carrots don’t make it to the store because of their 6. l
ooks
. So try to buy ugly food next time,since it is 7. j
ust
as good as “normal” food.
Many Chinese restaurants are telling people to 8. o
rder
dishes by using the “N-1” formula. “N” 9. s
tands
for the number of people in your group. So if you’re in a group of 10. s
ix
people,you should order five dishes.
To reduce food waste is a big task,and it needs time. Everyone can do something to make a difference.
答案:1. throw 2. countries 3. those 4. helped 5. vegetables 6. looks 7. just 8. order 9. stands 10. six
解析:
【分析】
做这类首字母提示型短文填空,首先第一步先通读全文,明确本文核心主题是围绕全球食物浪费问题、各国采取的减浪措施展开,把握整体语境基调。接下来逐个分析空格:先结合空格前后的搭配、上下文语义、给出的首字母初步推断单词,再验证语法规则(比如时态、名词单复数、非谓语形式等)是否符合要求,全部填完后再代入全文通读,检查逻辑是否通顺、拼写是否正确。
【解析】
1. 后文出现away unwanted food,结合固定搭配throw away(扔掉),主语是some people,时态为一般现在时,因此填throw。
2. 后文列举了德国、法国两个例子,二者都属于国家,many后接可数名词复数,因此填countries。
3. 句意为“人们和杂货店可以把多余的食物交给它们,它们再把食物给到有需要的人”,those in need是常用表达,指代有需要的群体,符合首字母提示,因此填those。
4. 空前的and并列谓语,前面的saved是一般过去时,因此此处动词help也要变为过去式helped,句意为“它节约了700万吨食物,帮助了76万人”。
5. 空前的Many fruits和空格处并列,对应日常易被浪费的果蔬类,many后接可数名词复数,因此填vegetables。
6. 前文提到很多果蔬被浪费是因为长得丑,举例子说明25%-30%的胡萝卜没法进入商店是因为它们的外观,their后接名词复数,looks此处表示样貌、外观,符合语义,因此填looks。
7. 固定搭配just as good as表示“和……一样好”,句意为“它和‘正常’食物一样好”,因此填just。
8. 句意为“很多中餐馆告诉人们用‘N-1’的规则点菜”,order dishes是固定表达“点菜”,tell sb to do sth结构中用动词原形,因此填order。
9. 固定搭配stand for表示“代表”,主语“N”是单数,时态为一般现在时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式stands,因此填stands。
10. 后文说明“你应该点5道菜”,结合前文的“N-1”规则,N是总人数,5+1=6,因此是6个人,填six。
【答案】
1. throw 2. countries 3. those 4. helped 5. vegetables 6. looks 7. just 8. order 9. stands 10. six
【知识点】
固定短语搭配,名词单复数,动词时态
【点评】
本题属于生活化主题的首字母填空,贴合节约粮食的社会热点,整体难度适中,既考察了课内核心的词汇、语法基础,也要求学生结合上下文语境推导答案,引导学生关注食物浪费的现实问题,兼具知识性和教育意义。
【难度系数】
0.7
四、请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Earth Day,which falls on April 22,is a day to call on more people to protect the natural world. The theme in 2024 “Planet(行星)vs. Plastics” is especially important because plastic is harming our environment in many ways. Plastic doesn’t break down easily. 1.
E
To fight against plastic pollution,we all need to do something.
Governments can make rules to limit the use of plastic and encourage people to recycle plastic. Businesses should find ways to use less plastic or use recycled plastic instead. International cooperation(合作)is of great importance,as many environmental problems need worldwide support. 2.
F

Schools can help too. 3.
D
By taking part in activities like zero-waste events at school,we will be more likely to make proper choices in our daily life. We can also share what we know with our friends and families.
4.
A
We are advised to use reusable shopping bags and glass bottles instead of plastic ones. It’s a good idea to try to buy something without a lot of plastic packaging(包装). Even small changes can be helpful.
Earth Day is a perfect chance to have our voice heard. 5.
C
Let’s work together towards a greener world.
A. We students can make a difference.
B. This simple habit can reduce our plastic waste.
C. Remember that every little bit helps to protect the Earth for the future.
D. They can teach students the harm of plastic pollution and lead students to take action.
E. This means it can stay in the environment for a very long time,harming animals and plants.
F. By working together,countries can share knowledge and resources to make a better world.
答案:1~5. EFDAC
解析:
【分析】
这是一篇六选五的阅读补全类题型,核心主题是地球日号召大家共同应对塑料污染。解题时首先通读全文,梳理文章的行文逻辑:先引出塑料污染的危害,再分别从政府、企业、国际合作、学校、个人层面给出减塑的举措,最后发出共同环保的号召。接下来逐空定位前后文的关键信息,通过指代关系、话题一致性、语义顺承的逻辑匹配选项:第一空前文提到塑料难以分解,要顺承讲难分解带来的后果;第二空前文核心是国际合作的重要性,要承接讲跨国协作的价值;第三空前文提到学校可以发挥作用,要对应讲学校的具体做法;第四空后文罗列了普通人日常减塑的具体行为,要引出个人层面的行动;第五空是文末号召部分,要呼应主旨升华主题,最后排除和上下文逻辑不匹配的多余选项即可得到答案。
【解析】
1. 空前句指出“塑料不容易分解”,E选项中This指代“塑料难以分解”的特性,顺承说明塑料会长期留存在环境中危害动植物,语义衔接自然,符合逻辑,故选E。
2. 空前句核心话题是“国际合作对解决环境问题十分重要,需要全球支持”,F选项承接该话题,说明各国协作可以共享知识和资源,共同建设更美好的世界,完全对应前文的国际合作相关表述,故选F。
3. 空前句提到“学校也可以提供帮助”,D选项中They指代前文的学校,具体说明学校可以向学生科普塑料污染的危害、引导学生采取行动,正好引出后文学校举办零浪费活动等内容,衔接通顺,故选D。
4. 空后段落全部介绍学生个人在日常生活中可以践行的减塑小举措,A选项“我们学生也可以发挥作用”作为该段的总起句,自然引出下文的个人行动建议,故选A。
5. 空前后分别提到地球日是发声的好机会、号召大家共同建设更绿色的世界,C选项“记住每一点微小的努力都有助于为后代保护地球”呼应全文“小行动汇聚大力量”的核心,起到承上启下的号召作用,故选C。
多余选项B提到“这个简单的习惯可以减少塑料垃圾”,全文没有对应指代的特定前文习惯,不符合语境,故排除。
【答案】
1~5. EFDAC
【知识点】
阅读补全,逻辑衔接,语篇理解
【点评】
本题选材贴合环保热点,行文逻辑清晰,各个空的提示信息明确,重点考查学生对语篇上下文逻辑关系的把握能力,学生只要抓住每段的论述主体,通过指代、话题匹配就能快速选出正确答案,同时也能在解题过程中建立减塑环保的意识。
【难度系数】
0.7
上一页 下一页