四、语法填空
Chinese people started to build gardens about 2,000 years ago. Chinese gardens are a special type of 1.
At the entrance(入口), there is 2.
Rock formations play an important role in the design of a Chinese garden. 5.
Gardens in the south 7.
Chinese people started to build gardens about 2,000 years ago. Chinese gardens are a special type of 1.
traditional
(tradition) Chinese culture and art.At the entrance(入口), there is 2.
usually
(usual) a large stone to stop your view. So you will feel surprised when you 3. turn
(turn) around the stone and see the amazing rock formations(假山) and a big lake. The 4. best
(good) example is the Summer Palace.Rock formations play an important role in the design of a Chinese garden. 5.
Without
(with) them, people won't think of a garden as a Chinese-style one. Ge Garden in Yangzhou is famous for 6. its
(it) Four Seasons Rockeries(假山花园).Gardens in the south 7.
are
(be) mostly small in size. Chinese designers are good at 8. using
(use) the way of borrowing views with a mirror(镜子) to make a sense(感觉) of space. By 9. building
(build) a mirror into the wall, visitors can see the whole garden wherever they are. A pool or a lake in a garden also 10. works
(work) this way.答案：1. traditional
2. usually
3. turn
4. best
5. Without
6. its
7. are
8. using
9. building
10. works
2. usually
3. turn
4. best
5. Without
6. its
7. are
8. using
9. building
10. works
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇介绍中国传统园林的语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，把握文章整体以一般现在时为基本时态的特点，接下来逐个分析每个空格的句子成分：首先判断空格在句中充当的成分，确定需要将给出的单词转换为何种词性，再结合固定搭配、主谓一致等语法规则推导正确形式，同时注意句首大写等细节要求，就能顺利得到答案。
【解析】
1. 空格后是名词短语Chinese culture and art，需要用形容词修饰名词，名词tradition的形容词形式为traditional。
2. 空格修饰整个there be句型的谓语部分，需要用副词作状语，形容词usual的副词形式为usually。
3. 句子主语是you，全文为一般现在时，谓语动词使用原形turn即可。
4. 句意表达“最好的例子就是颐和园”，定冠词the后需要搭配形容词最高级，good的最高级形式是best。
5. 句意为“没有假山，人们不会认为这个园林是中式风格的”，此处表示“没有”的含义，介词without放在句首，首字母需要大写，填Without。
6. 空格后是名词短语Four Seasons Rockeries，需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，人称代词it的形容词性物主代词是its。
7. 主语Gardens in the south是复数概念，时态为一般现在时，对应的be动词形式为are。
8. 固定搭配be good at doing sth. 表示“擅长做某事”，介词at后需要接动名词，use的动名词形式是using。
9. 介词by后需要接动名词作宾语，build的动名词形式是building。
10. 主语A pool or a lake是单数概念，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式works。
【答案】
1. traditional
2. usually
3. turn
4. best
5. Without
6. its
7. are
8. using
9. building
10. works
【知识点】
词性转换，一般现在时，固定搭配
【点评】
本题结合中国传统园林文化主题设题，考察的都是初中英语核心基础语法点，重点考查学生对修饰成分的词性判断、主谓一致、介词后接动名词等规则的掌握，同时渗透了中国传统文化相关的背景知识，难度适中，需要学生注意细节比如句首大写、最高级的标识词the的提示，避免低级拼写错误。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇介绍中国传统园林的语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，把握文章整体以一般现在时为基本时态的特点，接下来逐个分析每个空格的句子成分：首先判断空格在句中充当的成分，确定需要将给出的单词转换为何种词性，再结合固定搭配、主谓一致等语法规则推导正确形式，同时注意句首大写等细节要求，就能顺利得到答案。
【解析】
1. 空格后是名词短语Chinese culture and art，需要用形容词修饰名词，名词tradition的形容词形式为traditional。
2. 空格修饰整个there be句型的谓语部分，需要用副词作状语，形容词usual的副词形式为usually。
3. 句子主语是you，全文为一般现在时，谓语动词使用原形turn即可。
4. 句意表达“最好的例子就是颐和园”，定冠词the后需要搭配形容词最高级，good的最高级形式是best。
5. 句意为“没有假山，人们不会认为这个园林是中式风格的”，此处表示“没有”的含义，介词without放在句首，首字母需要大写，填Without。
6. 空格后是名词短语Four Seasons Rockeries，需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，人称代词it的形容词性物主代词是its。
7. 主语Gardens in the south是复数概念，时态为一般现在时，对应的be动词形式为are。
8. 固定搭配be good at doing sth. 表示“擅长做某事”，介词at后需要接动名词，use的动名词形式是using。
9. 介词by后需要接动名词作宾语，build的动名词形式是building。
10. 主语A pool or a lake是单数概念，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式works。
【答案】
1. traditional
2. usually
3. turn
4. best
5. Without
6. its
7. are
8. using
9. building
10. works
【知识点】
词性转换，一般现在时，固定搭配
【点评】
本题结合中国传统园林文化主题设题，考察的都是初中英语核心基础语法点，重点考查学生对修饰成分的词性判断、主谓一致、介词后接动名词等规则的掌握，同时渗透了中国传统文化相关的背景知识，难度适中，需要学生注意细节比如句首大写、最高级的标识词the的提示，避免低级拼写错误。
【难度系数】
0.6
五、阅读理解
I was nine when my parents wanted to move from a normal-sized(普通大小的) flat in the city to a small place in the countryside, and I was eleven by the time we did it. And when I say "small", I mean really, really small. Our new home was about the size of a garage (车库). Compared (比较) to the flat where we lived in the city, it was tiny.
We built our tiny house ourselves on a piece of land about two hours' drive from the city. We went there every weekend and during holidays to work on it, but, even so, it took nearly two years to finish. My mum designed the house to hold all the everyday things. My "bedroom" was built in a space under the roof (屋顶) that I could reach by ladder (梯子).
▲ They enjoyed growing our own fruit and vegetables and keeping chickens. They were very happy about not having to pay for the electricity (电) because we could make electricity from the sun. We also collected wood around us to burn to keep us warm.
I remember that it took me a few months to get used to(习惯于) living in such a small space. Before we moved from the city, we had to give away most of our things because there wasn't enough space for them any more, but now I don't mind (介意) having fewer things. And one thing I love about our tiny home is being able to spend so much more time outside—something I didn't do in the city very often. And I do a lot more things with my parents, which is great.
I don't think I'll choose "tiny living" for myself in the future, but I'm glad that I've had the experience (经历) of it.
() 1. Why does the writer compare his old and new homes in Paragraph 1?
A. To show that flats are better than houses.
B. To make it clear how small his new home was.
C. To say living in different homes was hard for him.
D. To show the good parts of living in a small home.
() 2. What does the writer talk about in Paragraph 2?
A. The everyday things of the house.
B. The reasons for building a house.
C. The problems of building a house.
D. The design of the house.
() 3. Which sentence can be put in "▲" in Paragraph 3?
A. My parents began to dislike the life in the city.
B. My parents were very happy with our new life.
C. My parents weren't used to living in the tiny home.
D. My parents were tired of doing farm work every day.
I was nine when my parents wanted to move from a normal-sized(普通大小的) flat in the city to a small place in the countryside, and I was eleven by the time we did it. And when I say "small", I mean really, really small. Our new home was about the size of a garage (车库). Compared (比较) to the flat where we lived in the city, it was tiny.
We built our tiny house ourselves on a piece of land about two hours' drive from the city. We went there every weekend and during holidays to work on it, but, even so, it took nearly two years to finish. My mum designed the house to hold all the everyday things. My "bedroom" was built in a space under the roof (屋顶) that I could reach by ladder (梯子).
▲ They enjoyed growing our own fruit and vegetables and keeping chickens. They were very happy about not having to pay for the electricity (电) because we could make electricity from the sun. We also collected wood around us to burn to keep us warm.
I remember that it took me a few months to get used to(习惯于) living in such a small space. Before we moved from the city, we had to give away most of our things because there wasn't enough space for them any more, but now I don't mind (介意) having fewer things. And one thing I love about our tiny home is being able to spend so much more time outside—something I didn't do in the city very often. And I do a lot more things with my parents, which is great.
I don't think I'll choose "tiny living" for myself in the future, but I'm glad that I've had the experience (经历) of it.
() 1. Why does the writer compare his old and new homes in Paragraph 1?
A. To show that flats are better than houses.
B. To make it clear how small his new home was.
C. To say living in different homes was hard for him.
D. To show the good parts of living in a small home.
() 2. What does the writer talk about in Paragraph 2?
A. The everyday things of the house.
B. The reasons for building a house.
C. The problems of building a house.
D. The design of the house.
() 3. Which sentence can be put in "▲" in Paragraph 3?
A. My parents began to dislike the life in the city.
B. My parents were very happy with our new life.
C. My parents weren't used to living in the tiny home.
D. My parents were tired of doing farm work every day.
答案：1.B 2.C 3.B
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文类阅读理解，解题时可以按照“题干定位-原文比对-排除错项”的思路推进：
1. 第1题直接定位到题干指定的第1段，梳理段落核心表达，作者反复强调新家“特别小”，对比新旧住所的目的就是突出新家的大小属性，逐一排除和段落内容无关的选项即可得到答案。
2. 第2题锁定第2段，通读全段提炼段落核心主旨，区分段落里的次要细节和核心描述，匹配对应选项排除不符合主旨的内容。
3. 第3题是语句还原题，重点看空处后文的内容，后文全部在描述父母在新生活里的愉悦体验，因此要选能总领全段、和后文正向情绪匹配的总起句，排除逻辑矛盾的选项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：第一段中作者反复强调新家的面积仅相当于车库，将其和城里原本的公寓对比，核心目的就是清晰直观地说明新家到底有多小。A选项“证明公寓比房子好”原文完全没有提及；C选项“说明住在不同房子里对他来说很难”第一段没有相关表述；D选项“展示住小房子的好处”在第一段还未展开介绍，均排除，答案选B。
2. 第2题：第二段提到自建房屋的地块距离城市有两小时车程，全家只能在周末和假期过去施工，即便这样也花了近两年才完工，这些内容都在描述建造房屋过程中遇到的各类难点问题。A选项“房屋的日常物品”仅为段落末尾的次要细节，不是段落核心；B选项“建造房屋的原因”第二段完全没有介绍；D选项“房屋的设计”仅提到了阁楼卧室的小细节，不是段落核心，均排除，答案选C。
3. 第3题：空处后文全部介绍父母享受种果蔬、养鸡，不用交电费的愉悦体验，因此总起句要表达父母对新生活的满意。A选项“我的父母开始讨厌城市生活”后文没有相关对应内容；C选项“我的父母不习惯住在小房子里”和后文父母开心的表述完全矛盾；D选项“我的父母每天干农活很累”和后文正向情绪不符，均排除，答案选B。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.B
【知识点】
细节信息定位，段落主旨提炼，语篇逻辑衔接
【点评】
本题属于初中低年级难度的记叙文阅读，考点覆盖细节理解、主旨归纳、语句补全三类常见阅读题型，学生解题时要注意不要被段落里的零散次要细节误导，学会抓住段落核心内容，结合上下文逻辑判断补全语句。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇记叙文类阅读理解，解题时可以按照“题干定位-原文比对-排除错项”的思路推进：
1. 第1题直接定位到题干指定的第1段，梳理段落核心表达，作者反复强调新家“特别小”，对比新旧住所的目的就是突出新家的大小属性，逐一排除和段落内容无关的选项即可得到答案。
2. 第2题锁定第2段，通读全段提炼段落核心主旨，区分段落里的次要细节和核心描述，匹配对应选项排除不符合主旨的内容。
3. 第3题是语句还原题，重点看空处后文的内容，后文全部在描述父母在新生活里的愉悦体验，因此要选能总领全段、和后文正向情绪匹配的总起句，排除逻辑矛盾的选项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：第一段中作者反复强调新家的面积仅相当于车库，将其和城里原本的公寓对比，核心目的就是清晰直观地说明新家到底有多小。A选项“证明公寓比房子好”原文完全没有提及；C选项“说明住在不同房子里对他来说很难”第一段没有相关表述；D选项“展示住小房子的好处”在第一段还未展开介绍，均排除，答案选B。
2. 第2题：第二段提到自建房屋的地块距离城市有两小时车程，全家只能在周末和假期过去施工，即便这样也花了近两年才完工，这些内容都在描述建造房屋过程中遇到的各类难点问题。A选项“房屋的日常物品”仅为段落末尾的次要细节，不是段落核心；B选项“建造房屋的原因”第二段完全没有介绍；D选项“房屋的设计”仅提到了阁楼卧室的小细节，不是段落核心，均排除，答案选C。
3. 第3题：空处后文全部介绍父母享受种果蔬、养鸡，不用交电费的愉悦体验，因此总起句要表达父母对新生活的满意。A选项“我的父母开始讨厌城市生活”后文没有相关对应内容；C选项“我的父母不习惯住在小房子里”和后文父母开心的表述完全矛盾；D选项“我的父母每天干农活很累”和后文正向情绪不符，均排除，答案选B。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.B
【知识点】
细节信息定位，段落主旨提炼，语篇逻辑衔接
【点评】
本题属于初中低年级难度的记叙文阅读，考点覆盖细节理解、主旨归纳、语句补全三类常见阅读题型，学生解题时要注意不要被段落里的零散次要细节误导，学会抓住段落核心内容，结合上下文逻辑判断补全语句。
【难度系数】
0.6