四、阅读理解
Leoh Ming Pei, one of the world's most famous architects（建筑师）, left over 50 designs during his life. These are his presents to the world.
The glass pyramid of the Louvre Museum (卢浮宫博物馆) in Paris, France, might be Pei's most famous work. Back in the 1980s, the Louvre Museum was having trouble with traffic. To deal with the problem, Pei planned to dig (挖) an underground hall and place a glass pyramid on top. Many people didn't like the idea. They said it was too modern for the ancient museum. However, the idea turned out to be a success (成功). It is not only the museum's main entrance (主入口), but also a large skylight (天窗).
In 2006, Pei was invited to build a museum in his hometown Suzhou. He tried to put local and historical ideas in his design. He built small halls with traditional white walls and dark roofs, just like the traditional Chinese gardens. Also, the lines (线条) and windows in the roof bring something modern to the museum.
★ The famous Lion Grove Garden (狮子林) in Suzhou was Pei's family's in the past. Pei spent some summers there as a child. Maybe that was when Pei became interested in architecture. When Pei grew up, he spent most of his time in the US, first studying at school and then working in different places. He studied in the US, but the beauty of Chinese styles can be found in many of his designs. "I've never left China because home is a place your heart always belongs to (属于)," Pei once said.
Over the last century, many building trends(潮流) have come and gone. But the works of Pei have not. "A lasting architecture has to have roots (根)," Pei once told *The New York Times*. That may explain why he and his works have stood the test of time.
（
A. architects
B. designs
C. museums
D. presents
（
A. French people loved the idea at first.
B. It is too old for the modern museum.
C. It deals with the traffic problem in France.
D. It is more than the entrance to the museum.
（
A. It is in Pei's hometown.
B. It has modern white walls.
C. It's both traditional and modern.
D. It is in a beautiful Chinese garden.
（
A. Designs in the US are important for him.
B. Pei's interest in architecture makes him famous.
C. His style may come from his life experiences (经历).
D. Education plays the most important role in Pei's life.
（
A. compare (对比) different cultures
B. show a special building trend
C. introduce two famous museums
D. introduce a great architect
Exercise 2 of Unit 3 of 7B Reading ([])
Leoh Ming Pei, one of the world's most famous architects（建筑师）, left over 50 designs during his life. These are his presents to the world.
The glass pyramid of the Louvre Museum (卢浮宫博物馆) in Paris, France, might be Pei's most famous work. Back in the 1980s, the Louvre Museum was having trouble with traffic. To deal with the problem, Pei planned to dig (挖) an underground hall and place a glass pyramid on top. Many people didn't like the idea. They said it was too modern for the ancient museum. However, the idea turned out to be a success (成功). It is not only the museum's main entrance (主入口), but also a large skylight (天窗).
In 2006, Pei was invited to build a museum in his hometown Suzhou. He tried to put local and historical ideas in his design. He built small halls with traditional white walls and dark roofs, just like the traditional Chinese gardens. Also, the lines (线条) and windows in the roof bring something modern to the museum.
★ The famous Lion Grove Garden (狮子林) in Suzhou was Pei's family's in the past. Pei spent some summers there as a child. Maybe that was when Pei became interested in architecture. When Pei grew up, he spent most of his time in the US, first studying at school and then working in different places. He studied in the US, but the beauty of Chinese styles can be found in many of his designs. "I've never left China because home is a place your heart always belongs to (属于)," Pei once said.
Over the last century, many building trends(潮流) have come and gone. But the works of Pei have not. "A lasting architecture has to have roots (根)," Pei once told *The New York Times*. That may explain why he and his works have stood the test of time.
（
B
）1. The underlined word "these" refers to (指的是) .A. architects
B. designs
C. museums
D. presents
（
D
）2. What can we know about the glass pyramid of the Louvre Museum?A. French people loved the idea at first.
B. It is too old for the modern museum.
C. It deals with the traffic problem in France.
D. It is more than the entrance to the museum.
（
C
）3. What makes Suzhou Museum special?A. It is in Pei's hometown.
B. It has modern white walls.
C. It's both traditional and modern.
D. It is in a beautiful Chinese garden.
（
C
）4. Which of the following can be put in "★"?A. Designs in the US are important for him.
B. Pei's interest in architecture makes him famous.
C. His style may come from his life experiences (经历).
D. Education plays the most important role in Pei's life.
（
D
）5. The main purpose (目的) of the passage is to .A. compare (对比) different cultures
B. show a special building trend
C. introduce two famous museums
D. introduce a great architect
Exercise 2 of Unit 3 of 7B Reading ([])
答案：1.B
2.D
3.C
4.C
5.D
2.D
3.C
4.C
5.D
解析：
【分析】
做这篇人物类阅读理解时，首先先通读全文，明确文章核心介绍的是著名建筑师贝聿铭，再针对每类题型回原文定位找依据：1. 代词指代题往前找就近的核心名词即可；2. 细节题把每个选项和原文内容逐一比对排除错误项；3. 上下文衔接题要兼顾空格前后的内容，选出能承上启下的句子；4. 主旨题要区分局部举例内容和全文核心主题，避免以偏概全。
【解析】
1. 代词指代题：原文第一段提到"left over 50 designs during his life. These are his presents to the world"，划线词these指代的就是前一句提到的贝聿铭留下的50多份设计，对应选项B。A选项建筑师是贝聿铭本人，C选项博物馆是后续介绍的作品，D选项礼物是these的属性而非指代对象，均排除。
2. 细节理解题：定位卢浮宫玻璃金字塔的段落：A选项错误，原文提到一开始很多人不认可这个设计；B选项错误，原文是人们认为这个现代设计和古老的博物馆不搭，并非它太老配现代博物馆；C选项错误，设计解决的是卢浮宫自身的交通问题，不是全法国的交通问题；D选项正确，原文明确说明它不仅是博物馆的主入口，还是大型天窗，因此它的作用不止是入口。
3. 细节理解题：定位苏州博物馆的段落，设计既融入了传统中式园林的白墙黑瓦特色，又加入了现代感的线条和窗户，因此它兼具传统和现代的特点，对应C选项。A选项的地理位置不是它的特殊属性，B选项错误，白墙是传统设计元素，D选项错误，它的设计风格类似中式园林，并非建在园林内部。
4. 上下文衔接题：空格后文介绍了贝聿铭童年在苏州的生活经历、后续在美国求学工作的经历，说明这些经历影响了他的设计风格，C选项"他的风格可能来自他的人生经历"可以完美承上启下。A、B、D选项的内容都和后文段落的核心讲述方向不匹配，均排除。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕建筑师贝聿铭展开，介绍了他的代表作品、人生经历、设计理念，两个博物馆只是他的作品举例，并非全文核心，因此写作目的是介绍这位伟大的建筑师，对应D选项。
【答案】
1.B 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.D
【知识点】
代词指代判断，阅读细节理解，主旨大意把握
【点评】
这是一篇典型的初中人物介绍类阅读，考点覆盖了初中阅读常考的所有题型，难度梯度设置合理，提醒学生做题时不要凭主观印象选答案，所有选项都要在原文找到对应依据，尤其注意主旨题不要把局部举例内容当成全文核心。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这篇人物类阅读理解时，首先先通读全文，明确文章核心介绍的是著名建筑师贝聿铭，再针对每类题型回原文定位找依据：1. 代词指代题往前找就近的核心名词即可；2. 细节题把每个选项和原文内容逐一比对排除错误项；3. 上下文衔接题要兼顾空格前后的内容，选出能承上启下的句子；4. 主旨题要区分局部举例内容和全文核心主题，避免以偏概全。
【解析】
1. 代词指代题：原文第一段提到"left over 50 designs during his life. These are his presents to the world"，划线词these指代的就是前一句提到的贝聿铭留下的50多份设计，对应选项B。A选项建筑师是贝聿铭本人，C选项博物馆是后续介绍的作品，D选项礼物是these的属性而非指代对象，均排除。
2. 细节理解题：定位卢浮宫玻璃金字塔的段落：A选项错误，原文提到一开始很多人不认可这个设计；B选项错误，原文是人们认为这个现代设计和古老的博物馆不搭，并非它太老配现代博物馆；C选项错误，设计解决的是卢浮宫自身的交通问题，不是全法国的交通问题；D选项正确，原文明确说明它不仅是博物馆的主入口，还是大型天窗，因此它的作用不止是入口。
3. 细节理解题：定位苏州博物馆的段落，设计既融入了传统中式园林的白墙黑瓦特色，又加入了现代感的线条和窗户，因此它兼具传统和现代的特点，对应C选项。A选项的地理位置不是它的特殊属性，B选项错误，白墙是传统设计元素，D选项错误，它的设计风格类似中式园林，并非建在园林内部。
4. 上下文衔接题：空格后文介绍了贝聿铭童年在苏州的生活经历、后续在美国求学工作的经历，说明这些经历影响了他的设计风格，C选项"他的风格可能来自他的人生经历"可以完美承上启下。A、B、D选项的内容都和后文段落的核心讲述方向不匹配，均排除。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕建筑师贝聿铭展开，介绍了他的代表作品、人生经历、设计理念，两个博物馆只是他的作品举例，并非全文核心，因此写作目的是介绍这位伟大的建筑师，对应D选项。
【答案】
1.B 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.D
【知识点】
代词指代判断，阅读细节理解，主旨大意把握
【点评】
这是一篇典型的初中人物介绍类阅读，考点覆盖了初中阅读常考的所有题型，难度梯度设置合理，提醒学生做题时不要凭主观印象选答案，所有选项都要在原文找到对应依据，尤其注意主旨题不要把局部举例内容当成全文核心。
【难度系数】
0.7