四、语法填空
London, a European city, is the capital of England. It is a big and famous city with a long history. There are many people in this city and they are kind and 1.
The weather in London is nice. In winter it's not very cold and in summer it's not very hot because the city is near the sea. But London is also a foggy（有雾的）city and it often has 3.
The Thames River runs through London from west to east. So the city 5.
London is also a beautiful city. When you take a trip in London with your friends, you can enjoy the 7.
London, a European city, is the capital of England. It is a big and famous city with a long history. There are many people in this city and they are kind and 1.
helpful
(help). They are always happy to tell 2. visitors
(visit) about their city.The weather in London is nice. In winter it's not very cold and in summer it's not very hot because the city is near the sea. But London is also a foggy（有雾的）city and it often has 3.
rainy
(rain) days. People there often go out 4. with
(without) an umbrella.The Thames River runs through London from west to east. So the city 5.
has
(have) two parts: the South and the North. You can have a great time 6. seeing
(see) those famous shops, big parks and interesting places in both of the two parts.London is also a beautiful city. When you take a trip in London with your friends, you can enjoy the 7.
beauty
(beautiful) of places of interest like Buckingham Palace, the Tower Bridge of London and the London Eye and feel quite 8. relaxed
(relax). If you're looking for a nice place 9. to row
(row) boats and fly kites, try the City Park. It is really worth 10. taking
(take) a tour of if you go to London.答案：1. helpful
2. visitors
3. rainy
4. with
5. has
6. seeing
7. beauty
8. relaxed
9. to row
10. taking
2. visitors
3. rainy
4. with
5. has
6. seeing
7. beauty
8. relaxed
9. to row
10. taking
解析：
【分析】
做这道语法填空时，首先先通读全文，明确语篇是介绍伦敦的基础介绍类文本，整体时态为一般现在时。接下来逐个分析空格：第一步先看空格前后的成分，判断所需的词性，再结合语境判断词义是否需要调整，最后结合对应的词形变化规则、固定搭配得出答案。比如看到and并列已知的形容词，就知道要把给出的动词变为对应形容词；看到定冠词the后面就知道要接名词，遇到固定搭配的结构直接套用规则即可，还要注意部分空需要结合上下文语境调整词义，比如第4空要根据前文的多雨语境把否定介词改为肯定含义的介词。
【解析】
1. 空格和并列连词and前的形容词kind共同作表语，需要将动词help变为形容词形式helpful，意为“乐于助人的”。
2. 空格在动词tell之后作宾语，需要填入表示“游客”的指人名词，此处指代群体用复数，将visit变为visitors。
3. 空格后是名词days，需要用形容词修饰名词，将名词rain变为形容词rainy，rainy days意为“雨天”。
4. 前文提到伦敦多雾、常有雨天，符合逻辑的语境是当地人出门经常带伞，给出的without表示“没有”不符合语境，改为介词with，意为“带着”。
5. 主语the city是第三人称单数，全文为一般现在时，谓语动词have要变为第三人称单数形式has。
6. 此处符合固定搭配have a great time doing sth.，表示“做某事很愉快”，因此动词see变为动名词seeing。
7. 空格前有定冠词the，需要填入名词作动词enjoy的宾语，将形容词beautiful变为名词beauty，意为“美景”。
8. 空格在系动词feel之后作表语，此处修饰人的感受，用-ed结尾的形容词relaxed，意为“感到放松的”。
9. 此处用不定式作后置定语修饰名词place，表示“可以划船的地方”，因此填to row。
10. 此处符合固定搭配be worth doing sth.，表示“值得做某事”，因此动词take变为动名词taking。
【答案】
1. helpful
2. visitors
3. rainy
4. with
5. has
6. seeing
7. beauty
8. relaxed
9. to row
10. taking
【知识点】
词形转换，固定搭配，介词辨析
【点评】
本题以介绍伦敦的文化常识为语篇载体，考点覆盖初中低年级核心语法点，大部分空格可以通过分析句子成分直接推导，仅第4空需要结合上下文语境反向调整介词词义，属于小陷阱题，整体难度适中，能够有效帮助学生巩固语篇类语法填空的解题逻辑，强化词形变化规则的应用能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这道语法填空时，首先先通读全文，明确语篇是介绍伦敦的基础介绍类文本，整体时态为一般现在时。接下来逐个分析空格：第一步先看空格前后的成分，判断所需的词性，再结合语境判断词义是否需要调整，最后结合对应的词形变化规则、固定搭配得出答案。比如看到and并列已知的形容词，就知道要把给出的动词变为对应形容词；看到定冠词the后面就知道要接名词，遇到固定搭配的结构直接套用规则即可，还要注意部分空需要结合上下文语境调整词义，比如第4空要根据前文的多雨语境把否定介词改为肯定含义的介词。
【解析】
1. 空格和并列连词and前的形容词kind共同作表语，需要将动词help变为形容词形式helpful，意为“乐于助人的”。
2. 空格在动词tell之后作宾语，需要填入表示“游客”的指人名词，此处指代群体用复数，将visit变为visitors。
3. 空格后是名词days，需要用形容词修饰名词，将名词rain变为形容词rainy，rainy days意为“雨天”。
4. 前文提到伦敦多雾、常有雨天，符合逻辑的语境是当地人出门经常带伞，给出的without表示“没有”不符合语境，改为介词with，意为“带着”。
5. 主语the city是第三人称单数，全文为一般现在时，谓语动词have要变为第三人称单数形式has。
6. 此处符合固定搭配have a great time doing sth.，表示“做某事很愉快”，因此动词see变为动名词seeing。
7. 空格前有定冠词the，需要填入名词作动词enjoy的宾语，将形容词beautiful变为名词beauty，意为“美景”。
8. 空格在系动词feel之后作表语，此处修饰人的感受，用-ed结尾的形容词relaxed，意为“感到放松的”。
9. 此处用不定式作后置定语修饰名词place，表示“可以划船的地方”，因此填to row。
10. 此处符合固定搭配be worth doing sth.，表示“值得做某事”，因此动词take变为动名词taking。
【答案】
1. helpful
2. visitors
3. rainy
4. with
5. has
6. seeing
7. beauty
8. relaxed
9. to row
10. taking
【知识点】
词形转换，固定搭配，介词辨析
【点评】
本题以介绍伦敦的文化常识为语篇载体，考点覆盖初中低年级核心语法点，大部分空格可以通过分析句子成分直接推导，仅第4空需要结合上下文语境反向调整介词词义，属于小陷阱题，整体难度适中，能够有效帮助学生巩固语篇类语法填空的解题逻辑，强化词形变化规则的应用能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
五、阅读理解
Night markets play a big role in the night-time economy（经济）. "Night-time economy" can go back to the 1970s in Britain. Now, our Chinese government（政府）has called on more companies and shops to prolong（延长）shopping hours to attract more shoppers.
New kinds of night markets have come up across the country when the sun goes down and you'll feel like that the day begins. Some of the markets have regular（有规律的）opening times. But others have a pop-up style. They only show up when some activities take place. Bringing in the latest（最新的）fashions of clothes or handicrafts（手工艺品）, they have become very popular with young shoppers.
Xu Dongjie, a pet stall（小摊）owner at the market, said that more visitors go to her stall than to her pet shop. For her, being part of the market is also a way to make friends with pet lovers.
Many cities have also tried their own ways of night markets. The "Night Touring of Qinhuai" in Nanjing has strong local colour. In Suzhou, one night market is full of stalls set up in the trunks（后备厢）. Shoppers enjoy the night market, and at the same time, it gives those who are trying to look for jobs more chances（机会）to make a living.
(
A. It opens at a regular time.
B. Its shopkeepers are young people.
C. It doesn't have a regular opening time.
D. It only sells food and drinks.
(
A. has fewer visitors
B. isn't anything different
C. is more popular
D. helps people look for jobs
(
a. It helps little with the economy.
b. It helps jobless people make money.
c. Many shoppers turn into stall owners.
d. It is good for shoppers and stall owners.
A. ab
B. bc
C. ac
D. bd
(
A. Night markets help with the Chinese economy.
B. Market stalls sell the latest fashions of clothes or handicrafts.
C. New kinds of night markets are only popular with young shoppers.
D. Night markets give more chances to those who are trying to look for jobs.
Night markets play a big role in the night-time economy（经济）. "Night-time economy" can go back to the 1970s in Britain. Now, our Chinese government（政府）has called on more companies and shops to prolong（延长）shopping hours to attract more shoppers.
New kinds of night markets have come up across the country when the sun goes down and you'll feel like that the day begins. Some of the markets have regular（有规律的）opening times. But others have a pop-up style. They only show up when some activities take place. Bringing in the latest（最新的）fashions of clothes or handicrafts（手工艺品）, they have become very popular with young shoppers.
Xu Dongjie, a pet stall（小摊）owner at the market, said that more visitors go to her stall than to her pet shop. For her, being part of the market is also a way to make friends with pet lovers.
Many cities have also tried their own ways of night markets. The "Night Touring of Qinhuai" in Nanjing has strong local colour. In Suzhou, one night market is full of stalls set up in the trunks（后备厢）. Shoppers enjoy the night market, and at the same time, it gives those who are trying to look for jobs more chances（机会）to make a living.
(
C
) 1. According to the passage, what is probably a "pop-up style" shop like?A. It opens at a regular time.
B. Its shopkeepers are young people.
C. It doesn't have a regular opening time.
D. It only sells food and drinks.
(
C
) 2. Compared with（与……相比）her pet shop, Xu Dongjie's pet stall .A. has fewer visitors
B. isn't anything different
C. is more popular
D. helps people look for jobs
(
D
) 3. Which of the following is TRUE about the night market?a. It helps little with the economy.
b. It helps jobless people make money.
c. Many shoppers turn into stall owners.
d. It is good for shoppers and stall owners.
A. ab
B. bc
C. ac
D. bd
(
A
) 4. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Night markets help with the Chinese economy.
B. Market stalls sell the latest fashions of clothes or handicrafts.
C. New kinds of night markets are only popular with young shoppers.
D. Night markets give more chances to those who are trying to look for jobs.
答案：1.C
2.C
3.D
4.A
2.C
3.D
4.A
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇介绍国内新型夜市的英语阅读理解题，解题时首先通读全文，明确文章核心围绕夜市对夜间经济的作用展开，之后带着每道题的题干关键词回到原文对应段落定位，逐一比对选项和原文内容：词义猜测题要结合前后句逻辑推导含义，细节题直接找原文对应表述，正误判断要逐个核对每个小观点排除错误项，主旨题要区分全文核心和局部细节，最终选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段内容："Some of the markets have regular opening times. But others have a pop-up style. They only show up when some activities take place." 可知部分夜市有固定开放时间，而popup模式的夜市仅在举办活动时才出现，没有固定开放时间。A选项是普通有规律夜市的特点，B、D选项原文无相关表述，因此选C。
2. 定位原文第三段内容："Xu Dongjie, a pet stall owner at the market, said that more visitors go to her stall than to her pet shop." 可知她在夜市的摊位访客比线下宠物店更多，说明夜市摊位更受欢迎。A选项访客更少、B选项没有区别均和原文矛盾，D选项帮他人找工作和该摊位无关，因此选C。
3. 逐一核对四个小观点：
a：“夜市对经济几乎没有帮助”和第一段首句"Night markets play a big role in the night-time economy"矛盾，表述错误；
b：“夜市帮失业人群赚钱”对应最后一段"it gives those who are trying to look for jobs more chances to make a living"，表述正确；
c：“很多消费者变成摊主”原文无相关表述，属于无中生有，错误；
d：“夜市对消费者和摊主都有益”，消费者可以体验特色夜间消费，摊主可以获得更高客流、创造收入，表述正确。
因此b、d正确，选D。
4. 主旨大意判断：全文开篇点明夜市在夜间经济中的重要地位，介绍国内各地不同特色的新型夜市，同时说明夜市既满足消费者的夜间消费需求，也创造就业岗位，核心是阐述夜市助力中国经济发展。B、D都是文章的局部细节，C选项中"only"表述和原文不符，因此选A。
【答案】
1.C 2.C 3.D 4.A
【知识点】
细节定位阅读，词义猜测，主旨判断
【点评】
本篇阅读选取贴近生活的社会热点话题，整体难度适中，多数题目可以通过原文关键词直接定位得出答案，易错点集中在主旨大意题，要注意区分全文核心主旨和局部的细节描述，不要误把单个段落的内容当成全文主旨，做正误判断类题目时要逐一核对信息，排除无中生有的干扰选项。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇介绍国内新型夜市的英语阅读理解题，解题时首先通读全文，明确文章核心围绕夜市对夜间经济的作用展开，之后带着每道题的题干关键词回到原文对应段落定位，逐一比对选项和原文内容：词义猜测题要结合前后句逻辑推导含义，细节题直接找原文对应表述，正误判断要逐个核对每个小观点排除错误项，主旨题要区分全文核心和局部细节，最终选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段内容："Some of the markets have regular opening times. But others have a pop-up style. They only show up when some activities take place." 可知部分夜市有固定开放时间，而popup模式的夜市仅在举办活动时才出现，没有固定开放时间。A选项是普通有规律夜市的特点，B、D选项原文无相关表述，因此选C。
2. 定位原文第三段内容："Xu Dongjie, a pet stall owner at the market, said that more visitors go to her stall than to her pet shop." 可知她在夜市的摊位访客比线下宠物店更多，说明夜市摊位更受欢迎。A选项访客更少、B选项没有区别均和原文矛盾，D选项帮他人找工作和该摊位无关，因此选C。
3. 逐一核对四个小观点：
a：“夜市对经济几乎没有帮助”和第一段首句"Night markets play a big role in the night-time economy"矛盾，表述错误；
b：“夜市帮失业人群赚钱”对应最后一段"it gives those who are trying to look for jobs more chances to make a living"，表述正确；
c：“很多消费者变成摊主”原文无相关表述，属于无中生有，错误；
d：“夜市对消费者和摊主都有益”，消费者可以体验特色夜间消费，摊主可以获得更高客流、创造收入，表述正确。
因此b、d正确，选D。
4. 主旨大意判断：全文开篇点明夜市在夜间经济中的重要地位，介绍国内各地不同特色的新型夜市，同时说明夜市既满足消费者的夜间消费需求，也创造就业岗位，核心是阐述夜市助力中国经济发展。B、D都是文章的局部细节，C选项中"only"表述和原文不符，因此选A。
【答案】
1.C 2.C 3.D 4.A
【知识点】
细节定位阅读，词义猜测，主旨判断
【点评】
本篇阅读选取贴近生活的社会热点话题，整体难度适中，多数题目可以通过原文关键词直接定位得出答案，易错点集中在主旨大意题，要注意区分全文核心主旨和局部的细节描述，不要误把单个段落的内容当成全文主旨，做正误判断类题目时要逐一核对信息，排除无中生有的干扰选项。
【难度系数】
0.7